Randomly select front domain from comma-separated list

This commmit changes the command-line and Bridge line arguments to take a comma-separated list of front domains. The change is backwards compatible with old Bridge and ClientTransportPlugin lines. At rendezvous time, a front domain will be randomly chosen from the list.
2025-10-13 20:11:19 -04:00 · 2023-09-23 10:46:46 -04:00 · 2023-09-23 10:46:46 -04:00 · 9fdfb3d1b5
commit 9fdfb3d1b5
parent 5cdf52c813
7 changed files with 65 additions and 48 deletions
--- a/client/lib/rendezvous.go
+++ b/client/lib/rendezvous.go
@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ func createBrokerTransport() http.RoundTripper {
 func newBrokerChannelFromConfig(config ClientConfig) (*BrokerChannel, error) {
 	log.Println("Rendezvous using Broker at:", config.BrokerURL)

-	if config.FrontDomain != "" {
-		log.Println("Domain fronting using:", config.FrontDomain)
+	if len(config.FrontDomains) != 0 {
+		log.Printf("Domain fronting using a randomly selected domain from: %v", config.FrontDomains)
 	}

 	brokerTransport := createBrokerTransport()
@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ func newBrokerChannelFromConfig(config ClientConfig) (*BrokerChannel, error) {
 	if config.AmpCacheURL != "" {
 		log.Println("Through AMP cache at:", config.AmpCacheURL)
 		rendezvous, err = newAMPCacheRendezvous(
-			config.BrokerURL, config.AmpCacheURL, config.FrontDomain,
+			config.BrokerURL, config.AmpCacheURL, config.FrontDomains,
 			brokerTransport)
 	} else {
 		rendezvous, err = newHTTPRendezvous(
-			config.BrokerURL, config.FrontDomain, brokerTransport)
+			config.BrokerURL, config.FrontDomains, brokerTransport)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
--- a/client/lib/rendezvous_ampcache.go
+++ b/client/lib/rendezvous_ampcache.go
@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
+	"math/rand"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
+	"time"

 	"gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake/v2/common/amp"
 )
@ -17,7 +19,7 @@ import (
 type ampCacheRendezvous struct {
 	brokerURL *url.URL
 	cacheURL  *url.URL          // Optional AMP cache URL.
-	front     string            // Optional front domain to replace url.Host in requests.
+	fronts    []string          // Optional front domains to replace url.Host in requests.
 	transport http.RoundTripper // Used to make all requests.
 }

@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ type ampCacheRendezvous struct {
 // broker at the given URL, optionally proxying through an AMP cache, and with
 // an optional front domain. transport is the http.RoundTripper used to make all
 // requests.
-func newAMPCacheRendezvous(broker, cache, front string, transport http.RoundTripper) (*ampCacheRendezvous, error) {
+func newAMPCacheRendezvous(broker, cache string, fronts []string, transport http.RoundTripper) (*ampCacheRendezvous, error) {
 	brokerURL, err := url.Parse(broker)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ func newAMPCacheRendezvous(broker, cache, front string, transport http.RoundTrip
 	return &ampCacheRendezvous{
 		brokerURL: brokerURL,
 		cacheURL:  cacheURL,
-		front:     front,
+		fronts:    fronts,
 		transport: transport,
 	}, nil
 }
@ -50,7 +52,6 @@ func (r *ampCacheRendezvous) Exchange(encPollReq []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	log.Println("Negotiating via AMP cache rendezvous...")
 	log.Println("Broker URL:", r.brokerURL)
 	log.Println("AMP cache URL:", r.cacheURL)
-	log.Println("Front domain:", r.front)

 	// We cannot POST a body through an AMP cache, so instead we GET and
 	// encode the client poll request message into the URL.
@ -72,11 +73,14 @@ func (r *ampCacheRendezvous) Exchange(encPollReq []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	if r.front != "" {
-		// Do domain fronting. Replace the domain in the URL's with the
-		// front, and store the original domain the HTTP Host header.
+	if len(r.fronts) != 0 {
+		// Do domain fronting. Replace the domain in the URL's with a randomly
+		// selected front, and store the original domain the HTTP Host header.
+		rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+		front := r.fronts[rand.Intn(len(r.fronts))]
+		log.Println("Front domain:", front)
 		req.Host = req.URL.Host
-		req.URL.Host = r.front
+		req.URL.Host = front
 	}

 	resp, err := r.transport.RoundTrip(req)
--- a/client/lib/rendezvous_http.go
+++ b/client/lib/rendezvous_http.go
@ -6,29 +6,31 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
+	"math/rand"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
+	"time"
 )

 // httpRendezvous is a RendezvousMethod that communicates with the .../client
 // route of the broker over HTTP or HTTPS, with optional domain fronting.
 type httpRendezvous struct {
 	brokerURL *url.URL
-	front     string            // Optional front domain to replace url.Host in requests.
+	fronts    []string          // Optional front domain to replace url.Host in requests.
 	transport http.RoundTripper // Used to make all requests.
 }

 // newHTTPRendezvous creates a new httpRendezvous that contacts the broker at
 // the given URL, with an optional front domain. transport is the
 // http.RoundTripper used to make all requests.
-func newHTTPRendezvous(broker, front string, transport http.RoundTripper) (*httpRendezvous, error) {
+func newHTTPRendezvous(broker string, fronts []string, transport http.RoundTripper) (*httpRendezvous, error) {
 	brokerURL, err := url.Parse(broker)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &httpRendezvous{
 		brokerURL: brokerURL,
-		front:     front,
+		fronts:    fronts,
 		transport: transport,
 	}, nil
 }
@ -36,7 +38,6 @@ func newHTTPRendezvous(broker, front string, transport http.RoundTripper) (*http
 func (r *httpRendezvous) Exchange(encPollReq []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	log.Println("Negotiating via HTTP rendezvous...")
 	log.Println("Target URL: ", r.brokerURL.Host)
-	log.Println("Front URL:  ", r.front)

 	// Suffix the path with the broker's client registration handler.
 	reqURL := r.brokerURL.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "client"})
@ -45,11 +46,14 @@ func (r *httpRendezvous) Exchange(encPollReq []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	if r.front != "" {
-		// Do domain fronting. Replace the domain in the URL's with the
-		// front, and store the original domain the HTTP Host header.
+	if len(r.fronts) != 0 {
+		// Do domain fronting. Replace the domain in the URL's with a randomly
+		// selected front, and store the original domain the HTTP Host header.
+		rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+		front := r.fronts[rand.Intn(len(r.fronts))]
+		log.Println("Front URL:  ", front)
 		req.Host = req.URL.Host
-		req.URL.Host = r.front
+		req.URL.Host = front
 	}

 	resp, err := r.transport.RoundTrip(req)
--- a/client/lib/rendezvous_test.go
+++ b/client/lib/rendezvous_test.go
@ -71,21 +71,21 @@ func TestHTTPRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 	Convey("HTTP rendezvous", t, func() {
 		Convey("Construct httpRendezvous with no front domain", func() {
 			transport := &mockTransport{http.StatusOK, []byte{}}
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", transport)
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{}, transport)
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL.Host, ShouldResemble, "test.broker")
-			So(rend.front, ShouldResemble, "")
+			So(rend.fronts, ShouldEqual, []string{})
 			So(rend.transport, ShouldEqual, transport)
 		})

 		Convey("Construct httpRendezvous *with* front domain", func() {
 			transport := &mockTransport{http.StatusOK, []byte{}}
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "front", transport)
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{"front"}, transport)
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL.Host, ShouldResemble, "test.broker")
-			So(rend.front, ShouldResemble, "front")
+			So(rend.fronts, ShouldContain, "front")
 			So(rend.transport, ShouldEqual, transport)
 		})

@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func TestHTTPRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 				`{"answer": "{\"type\":\"answer\",\"sdp\":\"fake\"}" }`,
 				"",
 			)
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "",
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusOK, fakeEncPollResp})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func TestHTTPRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 				"",
 				`{"error": "no snowflake proxies currently available"}`,
 			)
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "",
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusOK, fakeEncPollResp})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func TestHTTPRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 		})

 		Convey("httpRendezvous.Exchange fails with unexpected HTTP status code", func() {
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "",
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusInternalServerError, []byte{}})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func TestHTTPRendezvous(t *testing.T) {

 		Convey("httpRendezvous.Exchange fails with error", func() {
 			transportErr := errors.New("error")
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "",
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{},
 				&errorTransport{err: transportErr})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func TestHTTPRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 		})

 		Convey("httpRendezvous.Exchange fails with large read", func() {
-			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", "",
+			rend, err := newHTTPRendezvous("http://test.broker", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusOK, make([]byte, readLimit+1)})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			_, err = rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -166,47 +166,47 @@ func TestAMPCacheRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 	Convey("AMP cache rendezvous", t, func() {
 		Convey("Construct ampCacheRendezvous with no cache and no front domain", func() {
 			transport := &mockTransport{http.StatusOK, []byte{}}
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "", transport)
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{}, transport)
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL.String(), ShouldResemble, "http://test.broker")
 			So(rend.cacheURL, ShouldBeNil)
-			So(rend.front, ShouldResemble, "")
+			So(rend.fronts, ShouldResemble, []string{})
 			So(rend.transport, ShouldEqual, transport)
 		})

 		Convey("Construct ampCacheRendezvous with cache and no front domain", func() {
 			transport := &mockTransport{http.StatusOK, []byte{}}
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "https://amp.cache/", "", transport)
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "https://amp.cache/", []string{}, transport)
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL.String(), ShouldResemble, "http://test.broker")
 			So(rend.cacheURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.cacheURL.String(), ShouldResemble, "https://amp.cache/")
-			So(rend.front, ShouldResemble, "")
+			So(rend.fronts, ShouldResemble, []string{})
 			So(rend.transport, ShouldEqual, transport)
 		})

 		Convey("Construct ampCacheRendezvous with no cache and front domain", func() {
 			transport := &mockTransport{http.StatusOK, []byte{}}
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "front", transport)
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{"front"}, transport)
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL.String(), ShouldResemble, "http://test.broker")
 			So(rend.cacheURL, ShouldBeNil)
-			So(rend.front, ShouldResemble, "front")
+			So(rend.fronts, ShouldContain, "front")
 			So(rend.transport, ShouldEqual, transport)
 		})

 		Convey("Construct ampCacheRendezvous with cache and front domain", func() {
 			transport := &mockTransport{http.StatusOK, []byte{}}
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "https://amp.cache/", "front", transport)
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "https://amp.cache/", []string{"front"}, transport)
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.brokerURL.String(), ShouldResemble, "http://test.broker")
 			So(rend.cacheURL, ShouldNotBeNil)
 			So(rend.cacheURL.String(), ShouldResemble, "https://amp.cache/")
-			So(rend.front, ShouldResemble, "front")
+			So(rend.fronts, ShouldContain, "front")
 			So(rend.transport, ShouldEqual, transport)
 		})

@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ func TestAMPCacheRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 				`{"answer": "{\"type\":\"answer\",\"sdp\":\"fake\"}" }`,
 				"",
 			)
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "",
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusOK, ampArmorEncode(fakeEncPollResp)})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ func TestAMPCacheRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 				"",
 				`{"error": "no snowflake proxies currently available"}`,
 			)
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "",
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusOK, ampArmorEncode(fakeEncPollResp)})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func TestAMPCacheRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 		})

 		Convey("ampCacheRendezvous.Exchange fails with unexpected HTTP status code", func() {
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "",
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusInternalServerError, []byte{}})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ func TestAMPCacheRendezvous(t *testing.T) {

 		Convey("ampCacheRendezvous.Exchange fails with error", func() {
 			transportErr := errors.New("error")
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "",
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{},
 				&errorTransport{err: transportErr})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			answer, err := rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ func TestAMPCacheRendezvous(t *testing.T) {
 			// encoded bytes. Encode readLimit bytes—the encoded
 			// size will be larger—and try to read the body. It
 			// should fail.
-			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", "",
+			rend, err := newAMPCacheRendezvous("http://test.broker", "", []string{},
 				&mockTransport{http.StatusOK, ampArmorEncode(make([]byte, readLimit))})
 			So(err, ShouldBeNil)
 			_, err = rend.Exchange(fakeEncPollReq)
--- a/client/lib/snowflake.go
+++ b/client/lib/snowflake.go
@ -85,11 +85,14 @@ type ClientConfig struct {
 	// AmpCacheURL is the full URL of a valid AMP cache. A nonzero value indicates
 	// that AMP cache will be used as the rendezvous method with the broker.
 	AmpCacheURL string
-	// FrontDomain is a the full URL of an optional front domain that can be used with either
+	// FrontDomain is the full URL of an optional front domain that can be used with either
 	// the AMP cache or HTTP domain fronting rendezvous method.
 	FrontDomain string
 	// ICEAddresses are a slice of ICE server URLs that will be used for NAT traversal and
 	// the creation of the client's WebRTC SDP offer.
+	FrontDomains []string
+	// ICEAddresses are a slice of ICE server URLs that will be used for NAT traversal and
+	// the creation of the client's WebRTC SDP offer.
 	ICEAddresses []string
 	// KeepLocalAddresses is an optional setting that will prevent the removal of local or
 	// invalid addresses from the client's SDP offer. This is useful for local deployments
@ -134,6 +137,11 @@ func NewSnowflakeClient(config ClientConfig) (*Transport, error) {
 		log.Printf("url: %v", strings.Join(server.URLs, " "))
 	}

+	// Maintain backwards compatability with old FrontDomain field of ClientConfig
+	if (len(config.FrontDomains) == 0) && (config.FrontDomain != "") {
+		config.FrontDomains = []string{config.FrontDomain}
+	}
+
 	// Rendezvous with broker using the given parameters.
 	broker, err := newBrokerChannelFromConfig(config)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/client/snowflake.go
+++ b/client/snowflake.go
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func socksAcceptLoop(ln *pt.SocksListener, config sf.ClientConfig, shutdown chan
 				config.AmpCacheURL = arg
 			}
 			if arg, ok := conn.Req.Args.Get("front"); ok {
-				config.FrontDomain = arg
+				config.FrontDomains = strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(arg), ",")
 			}
 			if arg, ok := conn.Req.Args.Get("ice"); ok {
 				config.ICEAddresses = strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(arg), ",")
@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func socksAcceptLoop(ln *pt.SocksListener, config sf.ClientConfig, shutdown chan
 func main() {
 	iceServersCommas := flag.String("ice", "", "comma-separated list of ICE servers")
 	brokerURL := flag.String("url", "", "URL of signaling broker")
-	frontDomain := flag.String("front", "", "front domain")
+	frontDomainsCommas := flag.String("front", "", "comma-separated list of front domains")
 	ampCacheURL := flag.String("ampcache", "", "URL of AMP cache to use as a proxy for signaling")
 	logFilename := flag.String("log", "", "name of log file")
 	logToStateDir := flag.Bool("log-to-state-dir", false, "resolve the log file relative to tor's pt state dir")
@ -206,11 +206,12 @@ func main() {
 	log.Printf("snowflake-client %s\n", version.GetVersion())

 	iceAddresses := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(*iceServersCommas), ",")
+	frontDomains := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(*frontDomainsCommas), ",")

 	config := sf.ClientConfig{
 		BrokerURL:          *brokerURL,
 		AmpCacheURL:        *ampCacheURL,
-		FrontDomain:        *frontDomain,
+		FrontDomains:       frontDomains,
 		ICEAddresses:       iceAddresses,
 		KeepLocalAddresses: *keepLocalAddresses || *oldKeepLocalAddresses,
 		Max:                *max,
--- a/client/torrc
+++ b/client/torrc
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ DataDirectory datadir

 ClientTransportPlugin snowflake exec ./client -log snowflake.log

-Bridge snowflake 192.0.2.3:80 2B280B23E1107BB62ABFC40DDCC8824814F80A72 fingerprint=2B280B23E1107BB62ABFC40DDCC8824814F80A72 url=https://snowflake-broker.torproject.net.global.prod.fastly.net/ front=cdn.sstatic.net ice=stun:stun.l.google.com:19302,stun:stun.antisip.com:3478,stun:stun.bluesip.net:3478,stun:stun.dus.net:3478,stun:stun.epygi.com:3478,stun:stun.sonetel.com:3478,stun:stun.uls.co.za:3478,stun:stun.voipgate.com:3478,stun:stun.voys.nl:3478 utls-imitate=hellorandomizedalpn
-Bridge snowflake 192.0.2.4:80 8838024498816A039FCBBAB14E6F40A0843051FA fingerprint=8838024498816A039FCBBAB14E6F40A0843051FA url=https://snowflake-broker.torproject.net.global.prod.fastly.net/ front=cdn.sstatic.net ice=stun:stun.l.google.com:19302,stun:stun.antisip.com:3478,stun:stun.bluesip.net:3478,stun:stun.dus.net:3478,stun:stun.epygi.com:3478,stun:stun.sonetel.net:3478,stun:stun.uls.co.za:3478,stun:stun.voipgate.com:3478,stun:stun.voys.nl:3478 utls-imitate=hellorandomizedalpn
+Bridge snowflake 192.0.2.3:80 2B280B23E1107BB62ABFC40DDCC8824814F80A72 fingerprint=2B280B23E1107BB62ABFC40DDCC8824814F80A72 url=https://snowflake-broker.torproject.net.global.prod.fastly.net/ front=foursquare.com,github.githubassets.com ice=stun:stun.l.google.com:19302,stun:stun.antisip.com:3478,stun:stun.bluesip.net:3478,stun:stun.dus.net:3478,stun:stun.epygi.com:3478,stun:stun.sonetel.com:3478,stun:stun.uls.co.za:3478,stun:stun.voipgate.com:3478,stun:stun.voys.nl:3478 utls-imitate=hellorandomizedalpn
+Bridge snowflake 192.0.2.4:80 8838024498816A039FCBBAB14E6F40A0843051FA fingerprint=8838024498816A039FCBBAB14E6F40A0843051FA url=https://snowflake-broker.torproject.net.global.prod.fastly.net/ front=foursquare.com,github.githubassets.com ice=stun:stun.l.google.com:19302,stun:stun.antisip.com:3478,stun:stun.bluesip.net:3478,stun:stun.dus.net:3478,stun:stun.epygi.com:3478,stun:stun.sonetel.net:3478,stun:stun.uls.co.za:3478,stun:stun.voipgate.com:3478,stun:stun.voys.nl:3478 utls-imitate=hellorandomizedalpn

 SocksPort auto