standardebooks/web
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/standardebooks/web.git synced 2025-07-16 03:16:36 -04:00
Code Issues Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions

Add links to section identifiers

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
Alex Cabal 2020-03-31 13:29:40 -05:00
parent fe2d83461f
commit 6fa548f57f
11 changed files with 718 additions and 713 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

5
www/css/manual.css
View file

@ -348,6 +348,11 @@ figure.corrected code{
font-size: 2rem; font-size: 2rem;
} }
.manual section[id] > aside.number a,
.manual section[id] ol > li > aside.number a{
text-decoration: none;
}
.manual h1 + section > h2:first-child{ .manual h1 + section > h2:first-child{
margin-top: 0; margin-top: 0;
} }

72
www/manual/1.0.0/1-code-style.php
View file

@ -7,28 +7,28 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<section id="1"><aside class="number">1</aside> <section id="1"><aside class="number">1</aside>
<h1>XHTML, CSS, and SVG Code Style</h1> <h1>XHTML, CSS, and SVG Code Style</h1>
<p>The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> clean</code> tool in the <a href="https://github.com/standardebooks/tools">Standard Ebooks toolset</a> formats XHTML, CSS, and SVG code according to our style guidelines. The vast majority of the time its output is correct and no further modifications to code style are necessary.</p> <p>The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> clean</code> tool in the <a href="https://github.com/standardebooks/tools">Standard Ebooks toolset</a> formats XHTML, CSS, and SVG code according to our style guidelines. The vast majority of the time its output is correct and no further modifications to code style are necessary.</p>
<section id="1.1"><aside class="number">1.1</aside> <section id="1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1">1.1</a></aside>
<h2>XHTML formatting</h2> <h2>XHTML formatting</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.1.1"><aside class="number">1.1.1</aside><p>The first line of all XHTML files is: <li id="1.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.1">1.1.1</a></aside><p>The first line of all XHTML files is:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.1.2"><aside class="number">1.1.2</aside><p>The second line of all XHTML files is (replace <code class="html">xml:lang="en-US"</code> with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag">appropriate language tag</a> for the file): <li id="1.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.2">1.1.2</a></aside><p>The second line of all XHTML files is (replace <code class="html">xml:lang="en-US"</code> with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag">appropriate language tag</a> for the file):
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.1.3"><aside class="number">1.1.3</aside><p>Tabs are used for indentation.</p></li> <li id="1.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.3">1.1.3</a></aside><p>Tabs are used for indentation.</p></li>
<li id="1.1.4"><aside class="number">1.1.4</aside><p>Tag names are lowercase.</p></li> <li id="1.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.4">1.1.4</a></aside><p>Tag names are lowercase.</p></li>
<li id="1.1.5"><aside class="number">1.1.5</aside><p>Elements whose content is <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Content_categories#Phrasing_content">phrasing content</a> are on a single line, with no whitespace between the opening and closing tags and the content. <li id="1.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.5">1.1.5</a></aside><p>Elements whose content is <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Content_categories#Phrasing_content">phrasing content</a> are on a single line, with no whitespace between the opening and closing tags and the content.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
It was a dark and stormy night... It was a dark and stormy night...
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was a dark and stormy night...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was a dark and stormy night...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="1.1.6"><aside class="number">1.1.6</aside> <section id="1.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.6">1.1.6</a></aside>
<h3><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> elements</h3> <h3><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> elements</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.1.6.1"><aside class="number">1.1.6.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> elements within <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Content_categories#Phrasing_content">phrasing content</a> are on the same line as the preceding phrasing content, and are followed by a newline. <li id="1.1.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.6.1">1.1.6.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> elements within <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Content_categories#Phrasing_content">phrasing content</a> are on the same line as the preceding phrasing content, and are followed by a newline.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><s
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.1.6.2"><aside class="number">1.1.6.2</aside><p>The next indentation level after a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element is the same as the previous indentation level. <li id="1.1.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.6.2">1.1.6.2</a></aside><p>The next indentation level after a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element is the same as the previous indentation level.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys,<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys,<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
who died<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> who died<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ who died<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&g
in her youth for love of<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> in her youth for love of<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Philip, a Stranger.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> Philip, a Stranger.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.1.6.3"><aside class="number">1.1.6.3</aside><p>The closing tag of the phrasing content broken by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element is on the same line as the last line of the phrasing content. <li id="1.1.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.6.3">1.1.6.3</a></aside><p>The closing tag of the phrasing content broken by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element is on the same line as the last line of the phrasing content.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys. Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.1.6.4"><aside class="number">1.1.6.4</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> elements have phrasing content both before and after; they don’t appear with phrasing content only before, or only after. <li id="1.1.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.6.4">1.1.6.4</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> elements have phrasing content both before and after; they don’t appear with phrasing content only before, or only after.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Pray for the soul of the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
@ -64,21 +64,21 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><sp
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="1.1.7"><aside class="number">1.1.7</aside> <section id="1.1.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7">1.1.7</a></aside>
<h3>Attributes</h3> <h3>Attributes</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.1.7.1"><aside class="number">1.1.7.1</aside><p>Attributes are in alphabetical order.</p></li> <li id="1.1.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7.1">1.1.7.1</a></aside><p>Attributes are in alphabetical order.</p></li>
<li id="1.1.7.2"><aside class="number">1.1.7.2</aside><p>Attributes, their namespaces, and their values are lowercase, except for values which are IETF language tags. In IETF language tags, the language subtag is capitalized. <li id="1.1.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7.2">1.1.7.2</a></aside><p>Attributes, their namespaces, and their values are lowercase, except for values which are IETF language tags. In IETF language tags, the language subtag is capitalized.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">EPUB:TYPE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"CHAPTER"</span> <span class="na">XML:LANG</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"EN-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">EPUB:TYPE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"CHAPTER"</span> <span class="na">XML:LANG</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"EN-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.1.7.3"><aside class="number">1.1.7.3</aside><p>The string <code class="string">utf-8</code> is lowercase.</p></li> <li id="1.1.7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7.3">1.1.7.3</a></aside><p>The string <code class="string">utf-8</code> is lowercase.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="1.1.7.4"><aside class="number">1.1.7.4</aside> <section id="1.1.7.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7.4">1.1.7.4</a></aside>
<h4>Classes</h4> <h4>Classes</h4>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.1.7.4.1"><aside class="number">1.1.7.4.1</aside><p>Classes are not used as one-time style hooks. There is almost always a clever selector that can be constructed instead of taking the shortcut of adding a class to an element.</p></li> <li id="1.1.7.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7.4.1">1.1.7.4.1</a></aside><p>Classes are not used as one-time style hooks. There is almost always a clever selector that can be constructed instead of taking the shortcut of adding a class to an element.</p></li>
<li id="1.1.7.4.2"><aside class="number">1.1.7.4.2</aside><p>Classes are named semantically, describing <em>what they are styling</em> instead of the <em>resulting visual style</em>. <li id="1.1.7.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.1.7.4.2">1.1.7.4.2</a></aside><p>Classes are named semantically, describing <em>what they are styling</em> instead of the <em>resulting visual style</em>.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>There was one great tomb more lordly than all the rest; huge it was, and nobly proportioned. On it was but one word<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>There was one great tomb more lordly than all the rest; huge it was, and nobly proportioned. On it was but one word<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"small-caps"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"small-caps"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Dracula.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Dracula.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -92,20 +92,20 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><sp
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="1.2"><aside class="number">1.2</aside> <section id="1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2">1.2</a></aside>
<h2>CSS formatting</h2> <h2>CSS formatting</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.2.1"><aside class="number">1.2.1</aside><p>The first two lines of all CSS files are: <li id="1.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.1">1.2.1</a></aside><p>The first two lines of all CSS files are:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="p">@</span><span class="k">charset</span> <span class="s2">"utf-8"</span><span class="p">;</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="p">@</span><span class="k">charset</span> <span class="s2">"utf-8"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">@</span><span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nt">epub</span> <span class="s2">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span><span class="p">;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">@</span><span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nt">epub</span> <span class="s2">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span><span class="p">;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.2.2"><aside class="number">1.2.2</aside><p>Tabs are used for indentation.</p></li> <li id="1.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.2">1.2.2</a></aside><p>Tabs are used for indentation.</p></li>
<li id="1.2.3"><aside class="number">1.2.3</aside><p>Selectors, properties, and values are lowercase.</p></li> <li id="1.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.3">1.2.3</a></aside><p>Selectors, properties, and values are lowercase.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="1.2.4"><aside class="number">1.2.4</aside> <section id="1.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.4">1.2.4</a></aside>
<h3>Selectors</h3> <h3>Selectors</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.2.4.1"><aside class="number">1.2.4.1</aside><p>Selectors are each on their own line, directly followed by a comma or a brace with no whitespace in between. <li id="1.2.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.4.1">1.2.4.1</a></aside><p>Selectors are each on their own line, directly followed by a comma or a brace with no whitespace in between.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">signature</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">signature</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><sp
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.2.4.2"><aside class="number">1.2.4.2</aside><p>Complete selectors are separated by exactly one blank line. <li id="1.2.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.4.2">1.2.4.2</a></aside><p>Complete selectors are separated by exactly one blank line.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span>
@ -133,22 +133,22 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><sp
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.2.4.3"><aside class="number">1.2.4.3</aside><p>Closing braces are on their own line.</p></li> <li id="1.2.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.4.3">1.2.4.3</a></aside><p>Closing braces are on their own line.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="1.2.5"><aside class="number">1.2.5</aside> <section id="1.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.5">1.2.5</a></aside>
<h3>Properties</h3> <h3>Properties</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.2.5.1"><aside class="number">1.2.5.1</aside><p>Properties are each on their own line (even if the selector only has one property) and indented with a single tab. <li id="1.2.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.5.1">1.2.5.1</a></aside><p>Properties are each on their own line (even if the selector only has one property) and indented with a single tab.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span> <figure class="corrected"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.2.5.2"><aside class="number">1.2.5.2</aside><p><em>Where possible</em>, properties are in alphabetical order. <li id="1.2.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.5.2">1.2.5.2</a></aside><p><em>Where possible</em>, properties are in alphabetical order.
</p><p>This isn’t always possible if a property is attempting to override a previous property in the same selector, and in some other cases.</p> </p><p>This isn’t always possible if a property is attempting to override a previous property in the same selector, and in some other cases.</p>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.2.5.3"><aside class="number">1.2.5.3</aside><p>Properties are directly followed by a colon, then a single space, then the property value. <li id="1.2.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.5.3">1.2.5.3</a></aside><p>Properties are directly followed by a colon, then a single space, then the property value.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin-right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin-right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><sp
<span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="1.2.5.4"><aside class="number">1.2.5.4</aside><p>Property values are directly followed by a semicolon, even if it’s the last value in a selector. <li id="1.2.5.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.2.5.4">1.2.5.4</a></aside><p>Property values are directly followed by a semicolon, even if it’s the last value in a selector.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
@ -171,17 +171,17 @@ Demoiselle Jeanne D’Ys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><sp
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="1.3"><aside class="number">1.3</aside> <section id="1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.3">1.3</a></aside>
<h2>SVG Formatting</h2> <h2>SVG Formatting</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.3.1"><aside class="number">1.3.1</aside><p>SVG formatting follows the same directives as <a href="/manual/1.0.0/1-code-style#1.1">XHTML formatting</a>.</p></li> <li id="1.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.3.1">1.3.1</a></aside><p>SVG formatting follows the same directives as <a href="/manual/1.0.0/1-code-style#1.1">XHTML formatting</a>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="1.4"><aside class="number">1.4</aside> <section id="1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.4">1.4</a></aside>
<h2>Commits and Commit Messages</h2> <h2>Commits and Commit Messages</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="1.4.1"><aside class="number">1.4.1</aside><p>Commits are broken into single units of work. A single unit of work may be, for example, "fixing typos across 10 files", or "adding cover art", or "working on metadata".</p></li> <li id="1.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.4.1">1.4.1</a></aside><p>Commits are broken into single units of work. A single unit of work may be, for example, "fixing typos across 10 files", or "adding cover art", or "working on metadata".</p></li>
<li id="1.4.2"><aside class="number">1.4.2</aside><p>Commits that introduce material changes to the ebook text (for example modernizing spelling or fixing a probable printer’s typo; but not fixing a transcriber’s typo) are prefaced with the string <code class="string">[Editorial]</code>, followed by a space, then the commit message. This makes it easy to search the repo history for commits that make editorial changes to the work.</p></li> <li id="1.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#1.4.2">1.4.2</a></aside><p>Commits that introduce material changes to the ebook text (for example modernizing spelling or fixing a probable printer’s typo; but not fixing a transcriber’s typo) are prefaced with the string <code class="string">[Editorial]</code>, followed by a space, then the commit message. This makes it easy to search the repo history for commits that make editorial changes to the work.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>

132
www/manual/1.0.0/10-art-and-images.php
View file

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

78
www/manual/1.0.0/2-filesystem.php
View file

@ -10,38 +10,38 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<figure> <figure>
<img alt="A directory tree representing the structure of a bare Standard Ebook." src="/images/epub-draft-tree.png"/> <img alt="A directory tree representing the structure of a bare Standard Ebook." src="/images/epub-draft-tree.png"/>
</figure> </figure>
<section id="2.1"><aside class="number">2.1</aside> <section id="2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1">2.1</a></aside>
<h2>File locations</h2> <h2>File locations</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="2.1.1"><aside class="number">2.1.1</aside><p>XHTML files containing the actual text of the ebook are located in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/</code>. All files in this directory end in <code class="path">.xhtml</code>.</p></li> <li id="2.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.1">2.1.1</a></aside><p>XHTML files containing the actual text of the ebook are located in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/</code>. All files in this directory end in <code class="path">.xhtml</code>.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.2"><aside class="number">2.1.2</aside><p>CSS files used in the ebook are located in <code class="path">./src/epub/css/</code>. All files in this directory end in <code class="path">.css</code>. This directory contains only two CSS files: <li id="2.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.2">2.1.2</a></aside><p>CSS files used in the ebook are located in <code class="path">./src/epub/css/</code>. All files in this directory end in <code class="path">.css</code>. This directory contains only two CSS files:
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="2.1.2.1"><aside class="number">2.1.2.1</aside><p><code class="path">./src/epub/css/core.css</code> is distributed with all ebooks and is not edited.</p></li> <li id="2.1.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.2.1">2.1.2.1</a></aside><p><code class="path">./src/epub/css/core.css</code> is distributed with all ebooks and is not edited.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.2.2"><aside class="number">2.1.2.2</aside><p><code class="path">./src/epub/css/local.css</code> is used for custom CSS local to the particular ebook.</p></li> <li id="2.1.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.2.2">2.1.2.2</a></aside><p><code class="path">./src/epub/css/local.css</code> is used for custom CSS local to the particular ebook.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.1.3"><aside class="number">2.1.3</aside><p>Raw source images used in the ebook, but not distributed with the ebook, are located in <code class="path">./images/</code>. These images may be, for example, very high resolution that are later converted to lower resolution for distribution, or raw bitmaps that are later converted to SVG for distribution. Every ebook contains the following images in this directory: <li id="2.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.3">2.1.3</a></aside><p>Raw source images used in the ebook, but not distributed with the ebook, are located in <code class="path">./images/</code>. These images may be, for example, very high resolution that are later converted to lower resolution for distribution, or raw bitmaps that are later converted to SVG for distribution. Every ebook contains the following images in this directory:
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="2.1.3.1"><aside class="number">2.1.3.1</aside><p><code class="path">./images/titlepage.svg</code> is the editable titlepage file that is later compiled for distribution.</p></li> <li id="2.1.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.3.1">2.1.3.1</a></aside><p><code class="path">./images/titlepage.svg</code> is the editable titlepage file that is later compiled for distribution.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.3.2"><aside class="number">2.1.3.2</aside><p><code class="path">./images/cover.svg</code> is the editable cover file that is later compiled for distribution.</p></li> <li id="2.1.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.3.2">2.1.3.2</a></aside><p><code class="path">./images/cover.svg</code> is the editable cover file that is later compiled for distribution.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.3.3"><aside class="number">2.1.3.3</aside><p><code class="path">./images/cover.source.(jpg|png|bmp|tif)</code> is the raw cover art file that may be cropped, resized, or otherwise edited to create <code class="path">./images/cover.jpg</code>.</p></li> <li id="2.1.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.3.3">2.1.3.3</a></aside><p><code class="path">./images/cover.source.(jpg|png|bmp|tif)</code> is the raw cover art file that may be cropped, resized, or otherwise edited to create <code class="path">./images/cover.jpg</code>.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.3.4"><aside class="number">2.1.3.4</aside><p><code class="path">./images/cover.jpg</code> is the final edited cover art that will be compiled into <code class="path">./src/epub/images/cover.svg</code> for distribution.</p></li> <li id="2.1.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.3.4">2.1.3.4</a></aside><p><code class="path">./images/cover.jpg</code> is the final edited cover art that will be compiled into <code class="path">./src/epub/images/cover.svg</code> for distribution.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.1.4"><aside class="number">2.1.4</aside><p>Images compiled or derived from raw source images, that are then distributed with the ebook, are located in <code class="path">./src/epub/images/</code>.</p></li> <li id="2.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.4">2.1.4</a></aside><p>Images compiled or derived from raw source images, that are then distributed with the ebook, are located in <code class="path">./src/epub/images/</code>.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.5"><aside class="number">2.1.5</aside><p>The table of contents is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/toc.xhtml</code>.</p></li> <li id="2.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.5">2.1.5</a></aside><p>The table of contents is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/toc.xhtml</code>.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.6"><aside class="number">2.1.6</aside><p>The epub metadata file is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/content.opf</code>.</p></li> <li id="2.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.6">2.1.6</a></aside><p>The epub metadata file is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/content.opf</code>.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.7"><aside class="number">2.1.7</aside><p>The ONIX metadata file is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/onix.xml</code>. This file is identical for all ebooks.</p></li> <li id="2.1.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.7">2.1.7</a></aside><p>The ONIX metadata file is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/onix.xml</code>. This file is identical for all ebooks.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.8"><aside class="number">2.1.8</aside><p>The ONIX metadata file is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/onix.xml</code>. This file is identical for all ebooks.</p></li> <li id="2.1.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.8">2.1.8</a></aside><p>The ONIX metadata file is located in <code class="path">./src/epub/onix.xml</code>. This file is identical for all ebooks.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.9"><aside class="number">2.1.9</aside><p>The <code class="path">./src/META-INF/</code> and <code class="path">./src/mimetype</code> directory and files are epub structural files that are identical for all ebooks.</p></li> <li id="2.1.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.9">2.1.9</a></aside><p>The <code class="path">./src/META-INF/</code> and <code class="path">./src/mimetype</code> directory and files are epub structural files that are identical for all ebooks.</p></li>
<li id="2.1.10"><aside class="number">2.1.10</aside><p>The <code class="path">./LICENSE.md</code> contains the ebook license and is identical for all ebooks.</p></li> <li id="2.1.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.1.10">2.1.10</a></aside><p>The <code class="path">./LICENSE.md</code> contains the ebook license and is identical for all ebooks.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="2.2"><aside class="number">2.2</aside> <section id="2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2">2.2</a></aside>
<h2>XHTML file naming conventions</h2> <h2>XHTML file naming conventions</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="2.2.1"><aside class="number">2.2.1</aside><p>Numbers in filenames don’t include leading <code class="path">0</code>s.</p></li> <li id="2.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.1">2.2.1</a></aside><p>Numbers in filenames don’t include leading <code class="path">0</code>s.</p></li>
<li id="2.2.2"><aside class="number">2.2.2</aside><p>Files containing a short story, essay, or other short work in a larger collection, are named with the URL-safe title of the work, excluding any subtitles. <li id="2.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.2">2.2.2</a></aside><p>Files containing a short story, essay, or other short work in a larger collection, are named with the URL-safe title of the work, excluding any subtitles.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</tbody> </tbody>
</table> </table>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.2.3"><aside class="number">2.2.3</aside><p>Works that are divided into larger parts (sometimes called “parts,” “books,” “volumes,” “sections,” etc.) have their part divisions contained in individual files named after the type of part, followed by a number starting at <code class="path">1</code>. <li id="2.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.3">2.2.3</a></aside><p>Works that are divided into larger parts (sometimes called “parts,” “books,” “volumes,” “sections,” etc.) have their part divisions contained in individual files named after the type of part, followed by a number starting at <code class="path">1</code>.
<div class="text corrected"> <div class="text corrected">
<p><code class="path">book-1.xhtml</code></p> <p><code class="path">book-1.xhtml</code></p>
<p><code class="path">book-2.xhtml</code></p> <p><code class="path">book-2.xhtml</code></p>
@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<p><code class="path">part-2.xhtml</code></p> <p><code class="path">part-2.xhtml</code></p>
</div> </div>
</p></li> </p></li>
<li id="2.2.4"><aside class="number">2.2.4</aside><p>Works that are composed of chapters, short stories, essays, or other short- to medium-length sections have each of those sections in an individual file. <li id="2.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4">2.2.4</a></aside><p>Works that are composed of chapters, short stories, essays, or other short- to medium-length sections have each of those sections in an individual file.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="2.2.4.1"><aside class="number">2.2.4.1</aside><p>Chapters <em>not</em> contained in separate volumes are named <code class="path">chapter-N.xhtml</code>, where <code class="path">N</code> is the chapter number starting at <code class="path">1</code>. <li id="2.2.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4.1">2.2.4.1</a></aside><p>Chapters <em>not</em> contained in separate volumes are named <code class="path">chapter-N.xhtml</code>, where <code class="path">N</code> is the chapter number starting at <code class="path">1</code>.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</tbody> </tbody>
</table> </table>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.2.4.2"><aside class="number">2.2.4.2</aside><p>Chapters contained in separate volumes, where the chapter number re-starts at 1 in each volume, are named <code class="path">chapter-X-N.xhtml</code>, where <code class="path">X</code> is the part number starting at <code class="path">1</code>, and <code class="path">N</code> is the chapter number <em>within the part</em>, starting at <code class="path">1</code>. <li id="2.2.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4.2">2.2.4.2</a></aside><p>Chapters contained in separate volumes, where the chapter number re-starts at 1 in each volume, are named <code class="path">chapter-X-N.xhtml</code>, where <code class="path">X</code> is the part number starting at <code class="path">1</code>, and <code class="path">N</code> is the chapter number <em>within the part</em>, starting at <code class="path">1</code>.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</tbody> </tbody>
</table> </table>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.2.4.3"><aside class="number">2.2.4.3</aside><p>Chapters contained in separate volumes, where the chapter number does not re-start at 1 in each volume, are named <code class="path">chapter-N.xhtml</code>, where <code class="path">N</code> is the chapter number, starting at <code class="path">1</code>. <li id="2.2.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4.3">2.2.4.3</a></aside><p>Chapters contained in separate volumes, where the chapter number does not re-start at 1 in each volume, are named <code class="path">chapter-N.xhtml</code>, where <code class="path">N</code> is the chapter number, starting at <code class="path">1</code>.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</tbody> </tbody>
</table> </table>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.2.4.4"><aside class="number">2.2.4.4</aside><p>Works that are composed of extremely short sections, like a volume of short poems, are in a single file containing all of those short sections. The filename is the URL-safe name of the work. <li id="2.2.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4.4">2.2.4.4</a></aside><p>Works that are composed of extremely short sections, like a volume of short poems, are in a single file containing all of those short sections. The filename is the URL-safe name of the work.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</tbody> </tbody>
</table> </table>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.2.4.5"><aside class="number">2.2.4.5</aside><p>Frontmatter and backmatter sections have filenames that are named after the type of section, regardless of what the actual title of the section is. <li id="2.2.4.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4.5">2.2.4.5</a></aside><p>Frontmatter and backmatter sections have filenames that are named after the type of section, regardless of what the actual title of the section is.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</tbody> </tbody>
</table> </table>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.2.4.6"><aside class="number">2.2.4.6</aside><p>If a work contains more than one section of the same type (for example multiple prefaces), the filename is followed by <code class="path">-N</code>, where <code class="path">N</code> is a number representing the order of the section, starting at <code class="path">1</code>. <li id="2.2.4.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.2.4.6">2.2.4.6</a></aside><p>If a work contains more than one section of the same type (for example multiple prefaces), the filename is followed by <code class="path">-N</code>, where <code class="path">N</code> is a number representing the order of the section, starting at <code class="path">1</code>.
</p><table> </p><table>
<thead> <thead>
<tr> <tr>
@ -227,32 +227,32 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="2.3"><aside class="number">2.3</aside> <section id="2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3">2.3</a></aside>
<h2>The <code class="path">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file</h2> <h2>The <code class="path">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file</h2>
<p>The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code> tool makes best guesses to alert the user to potential issues in an ebook production, and it may sometimes guess wrong. An <code class="path">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file can be placed in the ebook root to make <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code> ignore specific error numbers in an ebook.</p> <p>The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code> tool makes best guesses to alert the user to potential issues in an ebook production, and it may sometimes guess wrong. An <code class="path">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file can be placed in the ebook root to make <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code> ignore specific error numbers in an ebook.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="2.3.1"><aside class="number">2.3.1</aside><p><code class="bash">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> is optional. If it exists, it is in the ebook root.</p></li> <li id="2.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.1">2.3.1</a></aside><p><code class="bash">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> is optional. If it exists, it is in the ebook root.</p></li>
<li id="2.3.2"><aside class="number">2.3.2</aside><p>An empty <code class="bash">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file looks like this: <li id="2.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.2">2.3.2</a></aside><p>An empty <code class="bash">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file looks like this:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">se-lint-ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">se-lint-ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">se-lint-ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">se-lint-ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.3.3"><aside class="number">2.3.3</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">se-lint-ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> root element contains one or more <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements. <li id="2.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3">2.3.3</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">se-lint-ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> root element contains one or more <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="2.3.3.1"><aside class="number">2.3.3.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have a <code class="html"><span class="na">path</span></code> attribute containing a filename to match in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/</code>. <li id="2.3.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3.1">2.3.3.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have a <code class="html"><span class="na">path</span></code> attribute containing a filename to match in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/</code>.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span> <span class="na">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter-3-1-11.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span> <span class="na">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter-3-1-11.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.3.3.2"><aside class="number">2.3.3.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="na">path</span></code> attributes accept shell-style globbing to match files. <li id="2.3.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3.2">2.3.3.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="na">path</span></code> attributes accept shell-style globbing to match files.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span> <span class="na">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter-*.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span> <span class="na">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter-*.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="2.3.3.3"><aside class="number">2.3.3.3</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains one or more <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements. Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element and one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">reason</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="2.3.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3.3">2.3.3.3</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains one or more <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements. Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ignore</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element and one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">reason</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="2.3.3.3.1"><aside class="number">2.3.3.3.1</aside><p>The value of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is the error/warning code provided by <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code>. This code will be ignored for its parent file(s) when <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code> is next run.</p></li> <li id="2.3.3.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3.3.1">2.3.3.3.1</a></aside><p>The value of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is the error/warning code provided by <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code>. This code will be ignored for its parent file(s) when <code class="bash"><b>se</b> lint</code> is next run.</p></li>
<li id="2.3.3.3.2"><aside class="number">2.3.3.3.2</aside><p>The value of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">reason</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a prose explanation about why the code was ignored. This is to aid future producers or reviewers in understanding the reasoning behind why a code was ignored. <li id="2.3.3.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3.3.2">2.3.3.3.2</a></aside><p>The value of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">reason</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a prose explanation about why the code was ignored. This is to aid future producers or reviewers in understanding the reasoning behind why a code was ignored.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="2.3.3.3.2.1"><aside class="number">2.3.3.3.2.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">reason</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is required to have a non-whitespace value.</p></li> <li id="2.3.3.3.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#2.3.3.3.2.1">2.3.3.3.2.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">reason</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is required to have a non-whitespace value.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
<section id="example"> <section id="example">
<h3>Example</h3> <h3>Example</h3>
<p>The following is an example of a complete <code class="path">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file from <a href="/ebooks/ludwig-wittgenstein/tractatus-logico-philosophicus/c-k-ogden">Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus</a>.</p> <p>The following is an example of a complete <code class="path">se-lint-ignore.xml</code> file from <i><a href="/ebooks/ludwig-wittgenstein/tractatus-logico-philosophicus/c-k-ogden">Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus</a></i>.</p>
<figure><code class="xml full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span> <figure><code class="xml full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;se-lint-ignore&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;se-lint-ignore&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;file</span> <span class="na">path=</span><span class="s">"introduction.xhtml"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;file</span> <span class="na">path=</span><span class="s">"introduction.xhtml"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>

48
www/manual/1.0.0/3-the-structure-of-an-ebook.php
View file

@ -9,95 +9,95 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<p>Books consist of three major partitions: Front Matter, Body Matter, and Back Matter.</p> <p>Books consist of three major partitions: Front Matter, Body Matter, and Back Matter.</p>
<p>The list below is ordered in the manner in which the items appear in a typical book. Some books may make exceptions to this ordering.</p> <p>The list below is ordered in the manner in which the items appear in a typical book. Some books may make exceptions to this ordering.</p>
<p>These terms become important when building the Table of Contents (ToC). The Landmarks section of the ToC requires items to be labeled with the appropriate partition identifier. See <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-table-of-contents-patterns">ToC Patterns</a> for more information about the ToC.</p> <p>These terms become important when building the Table of Contents (ToC). The Landmarks section of the ToC requires items to be labeled with the appropriate partition identifier. See <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-table-of-contents-patterns">ToC Patterns</a> for more information about the ToC.</p>
<section id="3.1"><aside class="number">3.1</aside> <section id="3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1">3.1</a></aside>
<h2>Front matter</h2> <h2>Front matter</h2>
<p>Front matter is material that appears before the main content of the work. It includes such items as a dedication, an epigraph, an introduction, and so on.</p> <p>Front matter is material that appears before the main content of the work. It includes such items as a dedication, an epigraph, an introduction, and so on.</p>
<section id="3.1.1"><aside class="number">3.1.1</aside> <section id="3.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.1">3.1.1</a></aside>
<h3>Cover</h3> <h3>Cover</h3>
<p>An image presenting the outer appearance of the book, usually consisting of an image, the title of the book and the author’s name. For Standard Ebooks productions, the cover is an SVG image generated from template that combines the book title and author, and a background image. The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> build-images</code> tool generates the cover image used for distribution.</p> <p>An image presenting the outer appearance of the book, usually consisting of an image, the title of the book and the author’s name. For Standard Ebooks productions, the cover is an SVG image generated from template that combines the book title and author, and a background image. The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> build-images</code> tool generates the cover image used for distribution.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.2"><aside class="number">3.1.2</aside> <section id="3.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.2">3.1.2</a></aside>
<h3>Title page</h3> <h3>Title page</h3>
<p>A page listing the title of the book and the author’s name. For Standard Ebooks productions, the title page contains an SVG image generated by the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> create-draft</code> tool, which is then compiled for distribution using the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> build-images</code> tool.</p> <p>A page listing the title of the book and the author’s name. For Standard Ebooks productions, the title page contains an SVG image generated by the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> create-draft</code> tool, which is then compiled for distribution using the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> build-images</code> tool.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.3"><aside class="number">3.1.3</aside> <section id="3.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.3">3.1.3</a></aside>
<h3>Imprint</h3> <h3>Imprint</h3>
<p>A page containing information about the publisher of the book. For Standard Ebooks productions, a template file is provided and the producer modifies it to suit the particular ebook.</p> <p>A page containing information about the publisher of the book. For Standard Ebooks productions, a template file is provided and the producer modifies it to suit the particular ebook.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.4"><aside class="number">3.1.4</aside> <section id="3.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.4">3.1.4</a></aside>
<h3>Dedication</h3> <h3>Dedication</h3>
<p>An inscription at the start of a work, usually a tribute to some person or persons whom the author wishes to honor.</p> <p>An inscription at the start of a work, usually a tribute to some person or persons whom the author wishes to honor.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.5"><aside class="number">3.1.5</aside> <section id="3.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.5">3.1.5</a></aside>
<h3>Epigraph</h3> <h3>Epigraph</h3>
<p>A quotation or poem at the start of a book which may set the mood or inspire thoughts about the work to come.</p> <p>A quotation or poem at the start of a book which may set the mood or inspire thoughts about the work to come.</p>
<p>If the epigraph is a poem or quotation from poetry, it must follow the standards for verse described in <a href="/manual/1.0.0/6-high-level-structural-patterns">High-Level Structural Patterns</a>.</p> <p>If the epigraph is a poem or quotation from poetry, it must follow the standards for verse described in <a href="/manual/1.0.0/6-high-level-structural-patterns">High-Level Structural Patterns</a>.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.6"><aside class="number">3.1.6</aside> <section id="3.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.6">3.1.6</a></aside>
<h3>Acknowledgements</h3> <h3>Acknowledgements</h3>
<p>A list of persons or organizations whom the author wishes to thank, generally for helping with the creation of the book. The acknowledgements can also be part of the back matter of the book, depending on where the author placed them.</p> <p>A list of persons or organizations whom the author wishes to thank, generally for helping with the creation of the book. The acknowledgements can also be part of the back matter of the book, depending on where the author placed them.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.7"><aside class="number">3.1.7</aside> <section id="3.1.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.7">3.1.7</a></aside>
<h3>Foreword</h3> <h3>Foreword</h3>
<p>A preliminary section containing information about the book, generally written by someone other than the author.</p> <p>A preliminary section containing information about the book, generally written by someone other than the author.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.8"><aside class="number">3.1.8</aside> <section id="3.1.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.8">3.1.8</a></aside>
<h3>Preface</h3> <h3>Preface</h3>
<p>A preliminary section which states the subject of the book and its aims, generally written by the author of the work.</p> <p>A preliminary section which states the subject of the book and its aims, generally written by the author of the work.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.9"><aside class="number">3.1.9</aside> <section id="3.1.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.9">3.1.9</a></aside>
<h3>Introduction</h3> <h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>An introduction is typically found in non-fiction works. It is written by the book’s author and sets out the book’s main argument.</p> <p>An introduction is typically found in non-fiction works. It is written by the book’s author and sets out the book’s main argument.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.10"><aside class="number">3.1.10</aside> <section id="3.1.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.10">3.1.10</a></aside>
<h3>Half title</h3> <h3>Half title</h3>
<p>In books which include front matter, the half title page marks the start of the body matter.</p> <p>In books which include front matter, the half title page marks the start of the body matter.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="3.1.10.1"><aside class="number">3.1.10.1</aside><p>The half title lists the title of the book, but not the author.</p></li> <li id="3.1.10.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.10.1">3.1.10.1</a></aside><p>The half title lists the title of the book, but not the author.</p></li>
<li id="3.1.10.2"><aside class="number">3.1.10.2</aside><p>A half title is required if there is any front matter in the book.</p></li> <li id="3.1.10.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.10.2">3.1.10.2</a></aside><p>A half title is required if there is any front matter in the book.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.1.11"><aside class="number">3.1.11</aside> <section id="3.1.11"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.11">3.1.11</a></aside>
<h3>Table of Contents</h3> <h3>Table of Contents</h3>
<p>Also known as the “ToC.” The Table of Contents lists the main headings in the book. In traditionally printed books, the table of contents is part of the front matter of the book.</p> <p>Also known as the “ToC.” The Table of Contents lists the main headings in the book. In traditionally printed books, the table of contents is part of the front matter of the book.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="3.1.11.1"><aside class="number">3.1.11.1</aside><p>In Standard Ebooks productions, the table of contents is omitted from the ebook’s spine and is instead presented to the reader via their ereader’s ToC feature.</p></li> <li id="3.1.11.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.1.11.1">3.1.11.1</a></aside><p>In Standard Ebooks productions, the table of contents is omitted from the ebook’s spine and is instead presented to the reader via their ereader’s ToC feature.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.2"><aside class="number">3.2</aside> <section id="3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.2">3.2</a></aside>
<h2>Body matter</h2> <h2>Body matter</h2>
<p>The body matter is the main content of the book. It is typically divided into chapters, or in the case of a collection, individual stories, poems, or articles. It may be structured at the highest level into larger divisions such as volumes or parts. Besides the contents of the book itself, it may also include:</p> <p>The body matter is the main content of the book. It is typically divided into chapters, or in the case of a collection, individual stories, poems, or articles. It may be structured at the highest level into larger divisions such as volumes or parts. Besides the contents of the book itself, it may also include:</p>
<section id="3.2.1"><aside class="number">3.2.1</aside> <section id="3.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.2.1">3.2.1</a></aside>
<h3>Prologue</h3> <h3>Prologue</h3>
<p>A prologue is generally found only in works of fiction. It may introduce characters, set up background information, or bring forward a critical part of the action to which the story leads.</p> <p>A prologue is generally found only in works of fiction. It may introduce characters, set up background information, or bring forward a critical part of the action to which the story leads.</p>
<p>A prologue is generally part of the body matter, unless the prologue is a fictional element of a frame narrative. In that case, it may be appropriate to place it in front of the half title and give it a different title, while keeping the <code class="string">prologue</code> semantic inflection.</p> <p>A prologue is generally part of the body matter, unless the prologue is a fictional element of a frame narrative. In that case, it may be appropriate to place it in front of the half title and give it a different title, while keeping the <code class="string">prologue</code> semantic inflection.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.2.2"><aside class="number">3.2.2</aside> <section id="3.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.2.2">3.2.2</a></aside>
<h3>Epilogue</h3> <h3>Epilogue</h3>
<p>An epilogue is generally found only in works of fiction. It typically winds up the action or briefly tells the subsequent history of major characters. An epilogue should therefore have similar structure to the chapters of a book.</p> <p>An epilogue is generally found only in works of fiction. It typically winds up the action or briefly tells the subsequent history of major characters. An epilogue should therefore have similar structure to the chapters of a book.</p>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.3"><aside class="number">3.3</aside> <section id="3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.3">3.3</a></aside>
<h2>Back matter</h2> <h2>Back matter</h2>
<p>Back matter is material which follows the main content, but could be separated from the main content. It might include endnotes, an appendix, an afterword, a colophon, and so on.</p> <p>Back matter is material which follows the main content, but could be separated from the main content. It might include endnotes, an appendix, an afterword, a colophon, and so on.</p>
<section id="3.3.1"><aside class="number">3.3.1</aside> <section id="3.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.3.1">3.3.1</a></aside>
<h3>Afterword</h3> <h3>Afterword</h3>
<p>A concluding section of a book, typically but not necessarily written by the author, which stands outside the main story of a work of fiction, or the main argument of a work of non-fiction. It may add additional information or comment on the book and its production.</p> <p>A concluding section of a book, typically but not necessarily written by the author, which stands outside the main story of a work of fiction, or the main argument of a work of non-fiction. It may add additional information or comment on the book and its production.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.3.2"><aside class="number">3.3.2</aside> <section id="3.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.3.2">3.3.2</a></aside>
<h3>List of Illustrations</h3> <h3>List of Illustrations</h3>
<p>Also known as the “LoI,” the list of illustrations is an index to the illustrations in a book. The items are included as part of a list and linked to the points in the text where the illustration appears.</p> <p>Also known as the “LoI,” the list of illustrations is an index to the illustrations in a book. The items are included as part of a list and linked to the points in the text where the illustration appears.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.3.3"><aside class="number">3.3.3</aside> <section id="3.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.3.3">3.3.3</a></aside>
<h3>Endnotes</h3> <h3>Endnotes</h3>
<p>A list of notes to the text. Each item is given a unique sequential number and linked to the point in the text to which the note refers. If the text originally has footnotes, they are converted to endntoes.</p> <p>A list of notes to the text. Each item is given a unique sequential number and linked to the point in the text to which the note refers. If the text originally has footnotes, they are converted to endntoes.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.3.4"><aside class="number">3.3.4</aside> <section id="3.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.3.4">3.3.4</a></aside>
<h3>Colophon</h3> <h3>Colophon</h3>
<p>The colophon contains information about the publisher of the book, the author, the original publication date, the edition, its publication date, the cover artist and other information relevant to the particular release of a book. A Standard Ebooks colophon is standardized and follows a common pattern.</p> <p>The colophon contains information about the publisher of the book, the author, the original publication date, the edition, its publication date, the cover artist and other information relevant to the particular release of a book. A Standard Ebooks colophon is standardized and follows a common pattern.</p>
</section> </section>
<section id="3.3.5"><aside class="number">3.3.5</aside> <section id="3.3.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#3.3.5">3.3.5</a></aside>
<h3>Copyright Page</h3> <h3>Copyright Page</h3>
<p>The copyright page includes information about the copyright status of the work. All Standard Ebooks are in the US Public domain, and use a standardized “copyright” page to explain this.</p> <p>The copyright page includes information about the copyright status of the work. All Standard Ebooks are in the US Public domain, and use a standardized “copyright” page to explain this.</p>
<p>Copyright pages are usually part of the front matter of a book, but in the case of Standard Ebooks productions they are back matter, and the last item in the book.</p> <p>Copyright pages are usually part of the front matter of a book, but in the case of Standard Ebooks productions they are back matter, and the last item in the book.</p>

60
www/manual/1.0.0/4-semantics.php
View file

@ -30,72 +30,72 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<p>By inspecting the elements above, we can see that the first line is a semantic paragraph (<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> stands for <strong>p</strong>aragraph, of course); the paragraph is followed by a semantic block quotation, which browsers automatically render with a margin; the quotation is a poem; the poem has one stanza; and there are four lines in the poem. (By SE convention, <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements in verse are stanzas and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are lines.)</p> <p>By inspecting the elements above, we can see that the first line is a semantic paragraph (<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> stands for <strong>p</strong>aragraph, of course); the paragraph is followed by a semantic block quotation, which browsers automatically render with a margin; the quotation is a poem; the poem has one stanza; and there are four lines in the poem. (By SE convention, <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements in verse are stanzas and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are lines.)</p>
<section id="4.1"><aside class="number">4.1</aside> <section id="4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1">4.1</a></aside>
<h2>Semantic Elements</h2> <h2>Semantic Elements</h2>
<p>Epub allows for the use of the full range of elements in the HTML5 spec. Each element has a semantic meaning, and each element in a Standard Ebook is carefully considered before use.</p> <p>Epub allows for the use of the full range of elements in the HTML5 spec. Each element has a semantic meaning, and each element in a Standard Ebook is carefully considered before use.</p>
<p>Below is an incomplete list of HTML5 elements and their semantic meanings. These are some of the most common elements encountered in an ebook.</p> <p>Below is an incomplete list of HTML5 elements and their semantic meanings. These are some of the most common elements encountered in an ebook.</p>
<section id="4.1.1"><aside class="number">4.1.1</aside> <section id="4.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1">4.1.1</a></aside>
<h3>Block-level elements</h3> <h3>Block-level elements</h3>
<p>Block-level elements are by default rendered with <code class="css"><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>. See the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Block-level_elements">complete list of block-level elements</a>.</p> <p>Block-level elements are by default rendered with <code class="css"><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>. See the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Block-level_elements">complete list of block-level elements</a>.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="4.1.1.1"><aside class="number">4.1.1.1</aside><p>Sectioning block-level elements denote major structural divisions in a work. <li id="4.1.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.1">4.1.1.1</a></aside><p>Sectioning block-level elements denote major structural divisions in a work.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="4.1.1.1.1"><aside class="number">4.1.1.1.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: The top-level element in any XHTML file. Must contain a direct child that is either a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.1.1">4.1.1.1.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: The top-level element in any XHTML file. Must contain a direct child that is either a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.1.2"><aside class="number">4.1.1.1.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: A major structural division in a work. Typically a part, volume, chapter, or subchapter. Semantically a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> cannot stand alone, but is part of a larger work.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.1.2">4.1.1.1.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: A major structural division in a work. Typically a part, volume, chapter, or subchapter. Semantically a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> cannot stand alone, but is part of a larger work.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.1.3"><aside class="number">4.1.1.1.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: An item in a larger work that could be pulled out of the work and serialized or syndicated separately. For example, a single poem in a poetry collection, or a single short story in a short story collection; but <em>not</em> a single poem in a larger novel.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.1.3">4.1.1.1.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: An item in a larger work that could be pulled out of the work and serialized or syndicated separately. For example, a single poem in a poetry collection, or a single short story in a short story collection; but <em>not</em> a single poem in a larger novel.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="4.1.1.2"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2</aside><p>Other block-level elements have well-defined semantic meanings. <li id="4.1.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2">4.1.1.2</a></aside><p>Other block-level elements have well-defined semantic meanings.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="4.1.1.2.1"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: A paragraph of text.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.1">4.1.1.2.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: A paragraph of text.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.2"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: A quotation displayed on the block level. This may include non-speech “quotations” like business cards, headstones, telegrams, letters, and so on.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.2">4.1.1.2.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: A quotation displayed on the block level. This may include non-speech “quotations” like business cards, headstones, telegrams, letters, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.3"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Encloses a photograph, chart, or illustration, represented with an <cite>&lt;img&gt;</cite> element. Optionally includes a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element for a context-appropriate caption.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.3">4.1.1.2.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Encloses a photograph, chart, or illustration, represented with an <cite>&lt;img&gt;</cite> element. Optionally includes a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element for a context-appropriate caption.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.4"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.4</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Only appears as a child of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. Represents a context-appropriate caption for the sibling <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. A caption <em>is not the same</em> as an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element’s <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> text. <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> text is strictly a textual description of the image used for screen readers, whereas <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> has more freedom in its contents, depending on its context.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.4">4.1.1.2.4</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Only appears as a child of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. Represents a context-appropriate caption for the sibling <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. A caption <em>is not the same</em> as an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element’s <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> text. <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> text is strictly a textual description of the image used for screen readers, whereas <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> has more freedom in its contents, depending on its context.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.5"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.5</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a header section applying to its direct parent. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is typically found in sections where there is additional header content besides the section title, but can also be used in <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>s or other block-level elements that require header styling.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.5">4.1.1.2.5</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a header section applying to its direct parent. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is typically found in sections where there is additional header content besides the section title, but can also be used in <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>s or other block-level elements that require header styling.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.6"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.6</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a footer section applying to its direct parent. Typically used to denote signatures in sections like prefaces, forewords, letters, telegrams, and so on.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.6">4.1.1.2.6</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a footer section applying to its direct parent. Typically used to denote signatures in sections like prefaces, forewords, letters, telegrams, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.7"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.7</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">hr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a thematic break. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">hr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> <em>is not used</em> any place a black border is desired; it <em>strictly denotes</em> a thematic break.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.7">4.1.1.2.7</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">hr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a thematic break. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">hr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> <em>is not used</em> any place a black border is desired; it <em>strictly denotes</em> a thematic break.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.8"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.8</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes an ordered list. Ordered lists are automatically numbered by the renderer.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.8">4.1.1.2.8</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes an ordered list. Ordered lists are automatically numbered by the renderer.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.9"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.9</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes an unordered list. Ordered lists are bulleted by the renderer.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.9">4.1.1.2.9</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes an unordered list. Ordered lists are bulleted by the renderer.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.10"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.10</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes an list item in a parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.10">4.1.1.2.10</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes an list item in a parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.1.2.11"><aside class="number">4.1.1.2.11</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a tabular section, for example when displaying tabular data, or reports or charts where a tabular appearance is desired.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.2.11"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.2.11">4.1.1.2.11</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Denotes a tabular section, for example when displaying tabular data, or reports or charts where a tabular appearance is desired.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="4.1.1.3"><aside class="number">4.1.1.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are almost never appropriate, as they have no semantic meaning. However, they may in rare occasions be used to group related elements in a situation where no other semantic element is appropriate.</p></li> <li id="4.1.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.1.3">4.1.1.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are almost never appropriate, as they have no semantic meaning. However, they may in rare occasions be used to group related elements in a situation where no other semantic element is appropriate.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="4.1.2"><aside class="number">4.1.2</aside> <section id="4.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.2">4.1.2</a></aside>
<h3>Inline elements</h3> <h3>Inline elements</h3>
<p>Inline elements are by default rendered with <code class="css"><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>. See the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Inline_elements">complete list of inline elements</a>.</p> <p>Inline elements are by default rendered with <code class="css"><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>. See the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Inline_elements">complete list of inline elements</a>.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="4.1.2.1"><aside class="number">4.1.2.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Text rendered in italics, with the semantic meaning of emphasized speech, or speech spoken in a different tone of voice; for example, a person shouting, or putting stress on a particular word.</p></li> <li id="4.1.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.2.1">4.1.2.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Text rendered in italics, with the semantic meaning of emphasized speech, or speech spoken in a different tone of voice; for example, a person shouting, or putting stress on a particular word.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.2.2"><aside class="number">4.1.2.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Text rendered in italics, without any explicit semantic meaning. Because <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> lacks semantic meaning, the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute is added with appropriate semantic inflection to describe the contents of the element. <li id="4.1.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.2.2">4.1.2.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Text rendered in italics, without any explicit semantic meaning. Because <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> lacks semantic meaning, the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute is added with appropriate semantic inflection to describe the contents of the element.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>HMS<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.vessel.ship"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bounty<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>HMS<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.vessel.ship"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bounty<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="4.1.2.3"><aside class="number">4.1.2.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Text rendered in small caps, without any explicit semantic meaning. Because <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> lacks semantic meaning, the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute can be added with appropriate semantic inflection to describe the contents of the element; however, unlike <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, it’s rare for <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> to require semantic meaning, as it is generally used only for visual styling.</p></li> <li id="4.1.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.2.3">4.1.2.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Text rendered in small caps, without any explicit semantic meaning. Because <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> lacks semantic meaning, the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute can be added with appropriate semantic inflection to describe the contents of the element; however, unlike <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, it’s rare for <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> to require semantic meaning, as it is generally used only for visual styling.</p></li>
<li id="4.1.2.4"><aside class="number">4.1.2.4</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Plain inline text that requires specific styling or semantic meaning that cannot be achieved with any other semantically meaningful inline element. Typically used in conjunction with a <code class="html"><span class="na">class</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute.</p></li> <li id="4.1.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.1.2.4">4.1.2.4</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: Plain inline text that requires specific styling or semantic meaning that cannot be achieved with any other semantically meaningful inline element. Typically used in conjunction with a <code class="html"><span class="na">class</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="4.2"><aside class="number">4.2</aside> <section id="4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.2">4.2</a></aside>
<h2>Semantic Inflection</h2> <h2>Semantic Inflection</h2>
<p>The epub spec allows for <a href="https://idpf.github.io/epub-vocabs/structure/">semantic inflection</a>, which is a way of adding semantic metadata to elements in the ebook document.</p> <p>The epub spec allows for <a href="https://idpf.github.io/epub-vocabs/structure/">semantic inflection</a>, which is a way of adding semantic metadata to elements in the ebook document.</p>
<p>For example, an ebook producer may want to convey that the contents of a certain <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> are part of a chapter. They would do that by using the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute:</p> <p>For example, an ebook producer may want to convey that the contents of a certain <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> are part of a chapter. They would do that by using the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute:</p>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="4.2.1"><aside class="number">4.2.1</aside><p>The epub spec includes a <a href="https://idpf.github.io/epub-vocabs/structure/">vocabulary</a> that can be used in the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute. This vocabulary has priority when selecting a semantic keyword, even if other vocabularies contain the same one.</p></li> <li id="4.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.2.1">4.2.1</a></aside><p>The epub spec includes a <a href="https://idpf.github.io/epub-vocabs/structure/">vocabulary</a> that can be used in the <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute. This vocabulary has priority when selecting a semantic keyword, even if other vocabularies contain the same one.</p></li>
<li id="4.2.2"><aside class="number">4.2.2</aside><p>The epub spec might not contain a keyword necessary to describe the semantics of a particular element. In that case, the <a href="http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/">z3998 vocabulary</a> is consulted next. <li id="4.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.2.2">4.2.2</a></aside><p>The epub spec might not contain a keyword necessary to describe the semantics of a particular element. In that case, the <a href="http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/">z3998 vocabulary</a> is consulted next.
</p><p>Keywords using this vocabulary are preceded by the <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998</span></code> namespace.</p> </p><p>Keywords using this vocabulary are preceded by the <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998</span></code> namespace.</p>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:letter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:letter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="4.2.3"><aside class="number">4.2.3</aside><p>If the z3998 vocabulary doesn’t have an appropriate keyword, the <a href="/vocab/1.0">Standard Ebooks vocabulary</a> is consulted next. <li id="4.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.2.3">4.2.3</a></aside><p>If the z3998 vocabulary doesn’t have an appropriate keyword, the <a href="/vocab/1.0">Standard Ebooks vocabulary</a> is consulted next.
</p><p>Keywords using this vocabulary are preceded by the <code class="bash"><span class="s">se</span></code> namespace.</p> </p><p>Keywords using this vocabulary are preceded by the <code class="bash"><span class="s">se</span></code> namespace.</p>
<p>Unlike other vocabularies, the Standard Ebooks vocabulary is organized hierarchically. A complete vocabulary entry begins with the root vocabulary entry, with subsequent children separated by <code class="bash"><span class="s">.</span></code>.</p> <p>Unlike other vocabularies, the Standard Ebooks vocabulary is organized hierarchically. A complete vocabulary entry begins with the root vocabulary entry, with subsequent children separated by <code class="bash"><span class="s">.</span></code>.</p>
<figure><code class="html full">The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>HMS<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.vessel.ship"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bounty<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.</code></figure> <figure><code class="html full">The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>HMS<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.vessel.ship"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bounty<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.</code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="4.2.4"><aside class="number">4.2.4</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute can have multiple keywords separated by spaces, even if the vocabularies are different. <li id="4.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.2.4">4.2.4</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attribute can have multiple keywords separated by spaces, even if the vocabularies are different.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter z3998:letter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter z3998:letter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="4.2.5"><aside class="number">4.2.5</aside><p>Child elements inherit the semantics of their parent element. <li id="4.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#4.2.5">4.2.5</a></aside><p>Child elements inherit the semantics of their parent element.
</p><p>In this example, both chapters are considered to be “non-fiction,” because they inherit it from the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element:</p> </p><p>In this example, both chapters are considered to be “non-fiction,” because they inherit it from the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element:</p>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:non-fiction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:non-fiction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter-1"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter-1"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>

66
www/manual/1.0.0/5-general-xhtml-patterns.php
View file

@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<section id="5"><aside class="number">5</aside> <section id="5"><aside class="number">5</aside>
<h1>General XHTML Patterns</h1> <h1>General XHTML Patterns</h1>
<p>This section covers general patterns used when producing XHTML that are not specific to ebooks.</p> <p>This section covers general patterns used when producing XHTML that are not specific to ebooks.</p>
<section id="5.1"><aside class="number">5.1</aside> <section id="5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1">5.1</a></aside>
<h2><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes</h2> <h2><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes</h2>
<section id="5.1.1"><aside class="number">5.1.1</aside> <section id="5.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.1">5.1.1</a></aside>
<h3><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements</h3> <h3><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.1.1.1"><aside class="number">5.1.1.1</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> has an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute.</p></li> <li id="5.1.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.1.1">5.1.1.1</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> has an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute.</p></li>
<li id="5.1.1.2"><aside class="number">5.1.1.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are direct children of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute identical to the filename containing that <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, without the trailing extension.</p></li> <li id="5.1.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.1.2">5.1.1.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are direct children of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute identical to the filename containing that <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, without the trailing extension.</p></li>
<li id="5.1.1.3"><aside class="number">5.1.1.3</aside><p>In files containing multiple <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, each of those elements has an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute identical to what the filename <em>would</em> be if the section was in an individual file, without the trailing extension. <li id="5.1.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.1.3">5.1.1.3</a></aside><p>In files containing multiple <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, each of those elements has an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute identical to what the filename <em>would</em> be if the section was in an individual file, without the trailing extension.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"bodymatter z3998:fiction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"bodymatter z3998:fiction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"the-fox-and-the-grapes"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:short-story"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"the-fox-and-the-grapes"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:short-story"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Fox and the Grapes<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Fox and the Grapes<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.1.2"><aside class="number">5.1.2</aside> <section id="5.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.2">5.1.2</a></aside>
<h3><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes of other elements</h3> <h3><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes of other elements</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.1.2.1"><aside class="number">5.1.2.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes are generally used to identify parts of the document that a reader may wish to navigate to using a hash in the URL. That generally means major structural divisions. Therefore, elements that are not <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements do not have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute, unless a part of the ebook, like an endnote, refers to a specific point in the book, and a direct link is desirable.</p></li> <li id="5.1.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.2.1">5.1.2.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes are generally used to identify parts of the document that a reader may wish to navigate to using a hash in the URL. That generally means major structural divisions. Therefore, elements that are not <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements do not have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute, unless a part of the ebook, like an endnote, refers to a specific point in the book, and a direct link is desirable.</p></li>
<li id="5.1.2.2"><aside class="number">5.1.2.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes are not used as hooks for CSS styling.</p></li> <li id="5.1.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.2.2">5.1.2.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attributes are not used as hooks for CSS styling.</p></li>
<li id="5.1.2.3"><aside class="number">5.1.2.3</aside><p>If an element that is not a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> requires an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute, the attribute’s value is the name of the element followed by <code class="bash"><span class="s">-N</span></code>, where <code class="bash"><span class="s">N</span></code> is the sequence number of the element start at <code class="bash"><span class="s">1</span></code>. <li id="5.1.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.1.2.3">5.1.2.3</a></aside><p>If an element that is not a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> requires an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute, the attribute’s value is the name of the element followed by <code class="bash"><span class="s">-N</span></code>, where <code class="bash"><span class="s">N</span></code> is the sequence number of the element start at <code class="bash"><span class="s">1</span></code>.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>See <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#p-4"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>this paragraph<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> for more details.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>See <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#p-4"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>this paragraph<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> for more details.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.2"><aside class="number">5.2</aside> <section id="5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.2">5.2</a></aside>
<h2><code class="html"><span class="na">class</span></code> attributes</h2> <h2><code class="html"><span class="na">class</span></code> attributes</h2>
<p>Classes denote a group of elements sharing a similar style.</p> <p>Classes denote a group of elements sharing a similar style.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.2.1"><aside class="number">5.2.1</aside><p>Classes are <em>not</em> used as single-use style hooks. There is almost always a way to compose a CSS selector to select a single element without the use of a one-off class. <li id="5.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.2.1">5.2.1</a></aside><p>Classes are <em>not</em> used as single-use style hooks. There is almost always a way to compose a CSS selector to select a single element without the use of a one-off class.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">business-card</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">business-card</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="5.2.2"><aside class="number">5.2.2</aside><p>Classes are used to style a recurring <em>class</em> of elements, i.e. a class of element that appears more than once in an ebook. <li id="5.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.2.2">5.2.2</a></aside><p>Classes are used to style a recurring <em>class</em> of elements, i.e. a class of element that appears more than once in an ebook.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">business-card</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">business-card</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="5.2.3"><aside class="number">5.2.3</aside><p>Class names describe <em>what</em> they are styling semantically, <em>not</em> the actual style the class is applying. <li id="5.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.2.3">5.2.3</a></aside><p>Class names describe <em>what</em> they are styling semantically, <em>not</em> the actual style the class is applying.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">black-border</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">black-border</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="kc">solid</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -111,17 +111,17 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.3"><aside class="number">5.3</aside> <section id="5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.3">5.3</a></aside>
<h2><code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attributes</h2> <h2><code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attributes</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.3.1"><aside class="number">5.3.1</aside><p>When words are required to be pronounced in a language other than English, the <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is used to indicate the IETF language tag in use. <li id="5.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.3.1">5.3.1</a></aside><p>When words are required to be pronounced in a language other than English, the <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is used to indicate the IETF language tag in use.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="5.3.1.1"><aside class="number">5.3.1.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is used even if a word is not required to be italicized. This allows screen readers to understand that a particular word or phrase should be pronounced in a certain way. A <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"TAG"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is used to wrap text that has non-English pronunciation but that does not need further visual styling.</p></li> <li id="5.3.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.3.1.1">5.3.1.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is used even if a word is not required to be italicized. This allows screen readers to understand that a particular word or phrase should be pronounced in a certain way. A <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"TAG"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is used to wrap text that has non-English pronunciation but that does not need further visual styling.</p></li>
<li id="5.3.1.2"><aside class="number">5.3.1.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is included in <em>any</em> word that requires special pronunciation, including names of places and titles of books.</p></li> <li id="5.3.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.3.1.2">5.3.1.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is included in <em>any</em> word that requires special pronunciation, including names of places and titles of books.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full">She opened the book titled <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"la"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Mortis Imago<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.</code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full">She opened the book titled <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"la"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Mortis Imago<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.</code></figure>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.3.1.3"><aside class="number">5.3.1.3</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is applied to the highest-level element possible. If italics are required and moving the <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute would also remove an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, the parent element can be styled with <code class="css"><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">xml</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">lang</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">font-style</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">italic</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="5.3.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.3.1.3">5.3.1.3</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute is applied to the highest-level element possible. If italics are required and moving the <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute would also remove an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, the parent element can be styled with <code class="css"><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">xml</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">lang</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">font-style</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">italic</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"es"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Como estas?” el preguntó.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"es"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Como estas?” el preguntó.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -134,25 +134,25 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.4"><aside class="number">5.4</aside> <section id="5.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4">5.4</a></aside>
<h2>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h2> <h2>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.4.1"><aside class="number">5.4.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains an appropriate description of the local file only. It does not contain the book title.</p></li> <li id="5.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.1">5.4.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains an appropriate description of the local file only. It does not contain the book title.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="5.4.2"><aside class="number">5.4.2</aside> <section id="5.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.2">5.4.2</a></aside>
<h3>Titles of files that are an individual chapter or part division</h3> <h3>Titles of files that are an individual chapter or part division</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.4.2.1"><aside class="number">5.4.2.1</aside><p>Convert chapter or part numbers that are in Roman numerals to decimal numbers. Do not convert other Roman numerals that may be in the chapter title. <li id="5.4.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.2.1">5.4.2.1</a></aside><p>Convert chapter or part numbers that are in Roman numerals to decimal numbers. Do not convert other Roman numerals that may be in the chapter title.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 10<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 10<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="5.4.2.2"><aside class="number">5.4.2.2</aside><p>If a chapter or part is only an ordinal and has no title or subtitle, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">Chapter</code> followed by the chapter number. <li id="5.4.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.2.2">5.4.2.2</a></aside><p>If a chapter or part is only an ordinal and has no title or subtitle, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">Chapter</code> followed by the chapter number.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 4<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 4<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
... ...
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>IV<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>IV<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
... ...
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The chapter body...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The chapter body...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="5.4.2.3"><aside class="number">5.4.2.3</aside><p>If a chapter or part has a title or subtitle, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">Chapter</code>, followed by the chapter number in decimal, followed by a colon and a single space, followed by the title or subtitle. <li id="5.4.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.2.3">5.4.2.3</a></aside><p>If a chapter or part has a title or subtitle, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">Chapter</code>, followed by the chapter number in decimal, followed by a colon and a single space, followed by the title or subtitle.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 6: The Reign of Louis XVI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 6: The Reign of Louis XVI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
... ...
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -163,22 +163,22 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.4.3"><aside class="number">5.4.3</aside> <section id="5.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.3">5.4.3</a></aside>
<h3>Titles of files that are not chapter or part divisions</h3> <h3>Titles of files that are not chapter or part divisions</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.4.3.1"><aside class="number">5.4.3.1</aside><p>Files that are not a chapter or a part division, like a preface, introduction, or epigraph, have a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element that contains the complete title of the section. <li id="5.4.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.3.1">5.4.3.1</a></aside><p>Files that are not a chapter or a part division, like a preface, introduction, or epigraph, have a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element that contains the complete title of the section.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Preface<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Preface<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="5.4.3.2"><aside class="number">5.4.3.2</aside><p>If a file contains a section with a title or subtitle, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the title, followed by a colon and a single space, followed by the title or subtitle. <li id="5.4.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.4.3.2">5.4.3.2</a></aside><p>If a file contains a section with a title or subtitle, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the title, followed by a colon and a single space, followed by the title or subtitle.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Quevedo and His Works: With an Essay on the Picaresque Novel<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Quevedo and His Works: With an Essay on the Picaresque Novel<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.5"><aside class="number">5.5</aside> <section id="5.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.5">5.5</a></aside>
<h2>Ordered/numbered and unordered lists</h2> <h2>Ordered/numbered and unordered lists</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.5.1"><aside class="number">5.5.1</aside><p>All <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> children of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have at least one direct child block-level element. This is usually a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, but not necessarily; for example, a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element might also be appropriate. <li id="5.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.5.1">5.5.1</a></aside><p>All <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> children of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have at least one direct child block-level element. This is usually a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, but not necessarily; for example, a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element might also be appropriate.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Don’t forget to feed the pigs.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Don’t forget to feed the pigs.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -190,10 +190,10 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="5.6"><aside class="number">5.6</aside> <section id="5.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.6">5.6</a></aside>
<h2>Tables</h2> <h2>Tables</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="5.6.1"><aside class="number">5.6.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have a direct child <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tbody</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="5.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.6.1">5.6.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have a direct child <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tbody</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>1<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>1<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -209,8 +209,8 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">tbody</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">tbody</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="5.6.2"><aside class="number">5.6.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements may have an optional direct child <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">thead</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, if a table heading is desired.</p></li> <li id="5.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.6.2">5.6.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements may have an optional direct child <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">thead</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, if a table heading is desired.</p></li>
<li id="5.6.3"><aside class="number">5.6.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are used to display tabular numerical data, for example columns of sums, have CSS styling for tabular numbers: <code class="css"><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">font-variant-numeric</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tabular-nums</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>. <li id="5.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#5.6.3">5.6.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are used to display tabular numerical data, for example columns of sums, have CSS styling for tabular numbers: <code class="css"><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">font-variant-numeric</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tabular-nums</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span></code>.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">table</span> <span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nd">last-child</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="css full"><span class="nt">table</span> <span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nd">last-child</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">right</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">font-variant-numeric</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tabular-nums</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant-numeric</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tabular-nums</span><span class="p">;</span>

150
www/manual/1.0.0/6-standard-ebooks-section-patterns.php
View file

@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<section id="6"><aside class="number">6</aside> <section id="6"><aside class="number">6</aside>
<h1>Standard Ebooks Section Patterns</h1> <h1>Standard Ebooks Section Patterns</h1>
<p>All Standard Ebooks set of sections that are included in each ebook, and which are usually generated from template files. These sections include sections like the titlepage, imprint, and Uncopyright.</p> <p>All Standard Ebooks set of sections that are included in each ebook, and which are usually generated from template files. These sections include sections like the titlepage, imprint, and Uncopyright.</p>
<section id="6.1"><aside class="number">6.1</aside> <section id="6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.1">6.1</a></aside>
<h2>The title string</h2> <h2>The title string</h2>
<p>The title string is a sentence listing the title of the ebook, its author, and any other contributors. It is used in various Standard Ebooks template files.</p> <p>The title string is a sentence listing the title of the ebook, its author, and any other contributors. It is used in various Standard Ebooks template files.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.1.1"><aside class="number">6.1.1</aside><p>The title string is formed with the following algorithm. <li id="6.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.1.1">6.1.1</a></aside><p>The title string is formed with the following algorithm.
</p><ul> </p><ul>
<li><p>Start with an empty string.</p></li> <li><p>Start with an empty string.</p></li>
<li><p>Append the title of the work, without any subtitles.</p></li> <li><p>Append the title of the work, without any subtitles.</p></li>
@ -20,45 +20,45 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<li><p>If there is an illustrator, append <code class="string">. Illustrated by</code>, then the illustrator name. Multiple illustrators are handled in the same manner as mutliple authors.</p></li> <li><p>If there is an illustrator, append <code class="string">. Illustrated by</code>, then the illustrator name. Multiple illustrators are handled in the same manner as mutliple authors.</p></li>
</ul> </ul>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.1.2"><aside class="number">6.1.2</aside><p>While the title string may contain periods, it never ends in a period.</p></li> <li id="6.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.1.2">6.1.2</a></aside><p>While the title string may contain periods, it never ends in a period.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.2"><aside class="number">6.2</aside> <section id="6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2">6.2</a></aside>
<h2>The table of contents</h2> <h2>The table of contents</h2>
<p>The table of contents (the ToC) is not viewable as a page in the ebook’s reading order. Instead, the reader’s ereading system displays the ToC as part of its reading interface.</p> <p>The table of contents (the ToC) is not viewable as a page in the ebook’s reading order. Instead, the reader’s ereading system displays the ToC as part of its reading interface.</p>
<p>These rules outline how to structure the ToC. Typically, the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> print-toc</code> tool constructs the ToC according to these rules, without further changes being necessary.</p> <p>These rules outline how to structure the ToC. Typically, the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> print-toc</code> tool constructs the ToC according to these rules, without further changes being necessary.</p>
<section id="6.2.1"><aside class="number">6.2.1</aside> <section id="6.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1">6.2.1</a></aside>
<h3>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h3> <h3>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.2.1.1"><aside class="number">6.2.1.1</aside><p>The first child of the ToC’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection <code class="bash"><span class="s">toc</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="6.2.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.1">6.2.1.1</a></aside><p>The first child of the ToC’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection <code class="bash"><span class="s">toc</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="6.2.1.2"><aside class="number">6.2.1.2</aside><p>The first child of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Table of Contents<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="6.2.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.2">6.2.1.2</a></aside><p>The first child of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Table of Contents<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="6.2.1.3"><aside class="number">6.2.1.3</aside><p>The second child of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element representing the items in the Table of Contents.</p></li> <li id="6.2.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.3">6.2.1.3</a></aside><p>The second child of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element representing the items in the Table of Contents.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="6.2.1.4"><aside class="number">6.2.1.4</aside> <section id="6.2.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.4">6.2.1.4</a></aside>
<h4>The top-level <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h4> <h4>The top-level <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h4>
<p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element’s top-level <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a list of items in the Table of Contents.</p> <p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element’s top-level <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a list of items in the Table of Contents.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.2.1.4.1"><aside class="number">6.2.1.4.1</aside><p>The first child is a link to the titlepage. <li id="6.2.1.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.4.1">6.2.1.4.1</a></aside><p>The first child is a link to the titlepage.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/titlepage.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Titlepage<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/titlepage.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Titlepage<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.4.2"><aside class="number">6.2.1.4.2</aside><p>The second child is a link to the imprint. <li id="6.2.1.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.4.2">6.2.1.4.2</a></aside><p>The second child is a link to the imprint.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/imprint.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Imprint<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/imprint.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Imprint<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.4.3"><aside class="number">6.2.1.4.3</aside><p>The second-to-last child is a link to the colophon. <li id="6.2.1.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.4.3">6.2.1.4.3</a></aside><p>The second-to-last child is a link to the colophon.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/colophon.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Colophon<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/colophon.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Colophon<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.4.4"><aside class="number">6.2.1.4.4</aside><p>The second-to-last child is a link to the Uncopyright. <li id="6.2.1.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.4.4">6.2.1.4.4</a></aside><p>The second-to-last child is a link to the Uncopyright.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/uncopyright.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Uncopyright<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/uncopyright.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Uncopyright<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.4.5"><aside class="number">6.2.1.4.5</aside><p>In books with half title pages, the half title page is listed in the ToC and the next sibling is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the book’s contents. <li id="6.2.1.4.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.4.5">6.2.1.4.5</a></aside><p>In books with half title pages, the half title page is listed in the ToC and the next sibling is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the book’s contents.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/halftitle.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/halftitle.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.2.1.5"><aside class="number">6.2.1.5</aside> <section id="6.2.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.5">6.2.1.5</a></aside>
<h4><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> descendents</h4> <h4><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> descendents</h4>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.2.1.5.1"><aside class="number">6.2.1.5.1</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element pointing to a file or hash, and optionally also contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element representing a nested series of ToC items.</p></li> <li id="6.2.1.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.5.1">6.2.1.5.1</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element pointing to a file or hash, and optionally also contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element representing a nested series of ToC items.</p></li>
<li id="6.2.1.5.2"><aside class="number">6.2.1.5.2</aside><p>If an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a nested <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, that <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>’s first child is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element that points to the beginning of that section. <li id="6.2.1.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.5.2">6.2.1.5.2</a></aside><p>If an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a nested <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, that <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>’s first child is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element that points to the beginning of that section.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/halftitle.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sybil<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/halftitle.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sybil<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-1-1.xhtml"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-1-1.xhtml"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.5.3"><aside class="number">6.2.1.5.3</aside><p>Roman numerals in the ToC have the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:roman</span></code>. A <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is included if the entire contents of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element are not a Roman numeral. <li id="6.2.1.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.5.3">6.2.1.5.3</a></aside><p>Roman numerals in the ToC have the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:roman</span></code>. A <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is included if the entire contents of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element are not a Roman numeral.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-1.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-1.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -105,32 +105,32 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.2.1.6"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6</aside> <section id="6.2.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6">6.2.1.6</a></aside>
<h4><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> descendents</h4> <h4><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> descendents</h4>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.2.1.6.1"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.1</aside><p>Chapters without titles are represented by their Roman ordinal, without the word <code class="string">Chapter</code>. <li id="6.2.1.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.1">6.2.1.6.1</a></aside><p>Chapters without titles are represented by their Roman ordinal, without the word <code class="string">Chapter</code>.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>XI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>XI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.2"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.2</aside><p>Chapters with titles are represented by their Roman ordinal, followed by a colon and a space, followed by the chapter title. <li id="6.2.1.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.2">6.2.1.6.2</a></aside><p>Chapters with titles are represented by their Roman ordinal, followed by a colon and a space, followed by the chapter title.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-3.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>III<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: The Moon Rock<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-3.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>III<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: The Moon Rock<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.3"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.3</aside><p>Chapters with unique identifiers (i.e. not <code class="string">Chapter</code>, but something unique to the style of the book, like <code class="string">Book</code> or <code class="string">Stave</code>), include that unique identifier in the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="6.2.1.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.3">6.2.1.6.3</a></aside><p>Chapters with unique identifiers (i.e. not <code class="string">Chapter</code>, but something unique to the style of the book, like <code class="string">Book</code> or <code class="string">Stave</code>), include that unique identifier in the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-1.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Stave <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: Marley’s Ghost<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/chapter-1.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Stave <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: Marley’s Ghost<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.4"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.4</aside><p>High-level sections (like parts or divisions) without titles are represented by their identifier (like <code class="string">Book</code> or <code class="string">Part</code>), followed by their Roman ordinal. <li id="6.2.1.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.4">6.2.1.6.4</a></aside><p>High-level sections (like parts or divisions) without titles are represented by their identifier (like <code class="string">Book</code> or <code class="string">Part</code>), followed by their Roman ordinal.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-1.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Book <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-1.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Book <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.5"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.5</aside><p>High-level sections (like parts or divisions) with titles include the title. <li id="6.2.1.6.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.5">6.2.1.6.5</a></aside><p>High-level sections (like parts or divisions) with titles include the title.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-10.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Book <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>X<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: The Boys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-10.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Book <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>X<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: The Boys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.6"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.6</aside><p>Sections that are not chapters do not include their subtitles in the ToC. <li id="6.2.1.6.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.6">6.2.1.6.6</a></aside><p>Sections that are not chapters do not include their subtitles in the ToC.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/epilogue.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Epilogue: A Morning Call<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/epilogue.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Epilogue: A Morning Call<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/epilogue.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Epilogue<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/epilogue.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Epilogue<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.7"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.7</aside><p>High-level sections (like parts or divisions) with titles include the title. <li id="6.2.1.6.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.7">6.2.1.6.7</a></aside><p>High-level sections (like parts or divisions) with titles include the title.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-10.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Book <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>X<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: The Boys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-10.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Book <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>X<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>: The Boys<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.1.6.8"><aside class="number">6.2.1.6.8</aside><p>Entries for half title pages do not include the subtitle. <li id="6.2.1.6.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.1.6.8">6.2.1.6.8</a></aside><p>Entries for half title pages do not include the subtitle.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/halftitle.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His Last Bow<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/halftitle.xhtml"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His Last Bow<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -141,23 +141,23 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.2.2"><aside class="number">6.2.2</aside> <section id="6.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.2">6.2.2</a></aside>
<h3>The landmarks <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h3> <h3>The landmarks <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h3>
<p>After the first <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, there is a second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">landmarks</span></code>.</p> <p>After the first <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, there is a second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">landmarks</span></code>.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.2.2.1"><aside class="number">6.2.2.1</aside><p>The first child is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Landmarks<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="6.2.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.2.1">6.2.2.1</a></aside><p>The first child is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Landmarks<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="6.2.2.2"><aside class="number">6.2.2.2</aside><p>The second child is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element listing the major structural divisions of the book.</p></li> <li id="6.2.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.2.2">6.2.2.2</a></aside><p>The second child is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element listing the major structural divisions of the book.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="6.2.2.3"><aside class="number">6.2.2.3</aside> <section id="6.2.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.2.3">6.2.2.3</a></aside>
<h4><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> descendents</h4> <h4><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> descendents</h4>
<p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a link to one of the major structural divisions of the book. In general, a structural division is any section of the book that is not part of the body text, plus one element representing the beginning of the body text.</p> <p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a link to one of the major structural divisions of the book. In general, a structural division is any section of the book that is not part of the body text, plus one element representing the beginning of the body text.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.2.2.3.1"><aside class="number">6.2.2.3.1</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the computed semantic inflection of top-level <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element in the file. The computed semantic inflection includes inherited semantic inflection from the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="6.2.2.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.2.3.1">6.2.2.3.1</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the computed semantic inflection of top-level <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element in the file. The computed semantic inflection includes inherited semantic inflection from the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/preface.xhtml"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"frontmatter preface"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Preface<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/preface.xhtml"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"frontmatter preface"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Preface<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.2.2.3.2"><aside class="number">6.2.2.3.2</aside><p>The body text, as a single unit regardless of internal divisions, is represented by a link to the first file of the body text. In a prose novel, this is usually Chapter 1 or Part 1. In a collection this is usually the first item, like the first short story in a short story collection. The text is the title of the work as represented in the metadata <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="6.2.2.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.2.2.3.2">6.2.2.3.2</a></aside><p>The body text, as a single unit regardless of internal divisions, is represented by a link to the first file of the body text. In a prose novel, this is usually Chapter 1 or Part 1. In a collection this is usually the first item, like the first short story in a short story collection. The text is the title of the work as represented in the metadata <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-1.xhtml"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"bodymatter z3998:fiction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sybil<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text/book-1.xhtml"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"bodymatter z3998:fiction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sybil<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -172,14 +172,14 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.3"><aside class="number">6.3</aside> <section id="6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.3">6.3</a></aside>
<h2>The titlepage</h2> <h2>The titlepage</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.3.1"><aside class="number">6.3.1</aside><p>The Standard Ebooks titlepage is the first item in the ebook’s content flow. Standard Ebooks do not have a separate cover page file within the content flow.</p></li> <li id="6.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.3.1">6.3.1</a></aside><p>The Standard Ebooks titlepage is the first item in the ebook’s content flow. Standard Ebooks do not have a separate cover page file within the content flow.</p></li>
<li id="6.3.2"><aside class="number">6.3.2</aside><p>The title page has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Titlepage</code>.</p></li> <li id="6.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.3.2">6.3.2</a></aside><p>The title page has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Titlepage</code>.</p></li>
<li id="6.3.3"><aside class="number">6.3.3</aside><p>The titlepage contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"titlepage"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"titlepage"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"../images/titlepage.svg"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="6.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.3.3">6.3.3</a></aside><p>The titlepage contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"titlepage"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"titlepage"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"../images/titlepage.svg"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="6.3.4"><aside class="number">6.3.4</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has its <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute set to <code class="string">The titlepage for the Standard Ebooks edition of TITLE_STRING</code>, where <code class="string">TITLE_STRING</code> is the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/6-standard-ebooks-sectoin-patterns#6.1">Standard Ebooks title string</a> for the ebook.</p></li> <li id="6.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.3.4">6.3.4</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has its <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute set to <code class="string">The titlepage for the Standard Ebooks edition of TITLE_STRING</code>, where <code class="string">TITLE_STRING</code> is the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/6-standard-ebooks-sectoin-patterns#6.1">Standard Ebooks title string</a> for the ebook.</p></li>
<li id="6.3.5"><aside class="number">6.3.5</aside><p>A complete titlepage looks like the following template: <li id="6.3.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.3.5">6.3.5</a></aside><p>A complete titlepage looks like the following template:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -196,22 +196,22 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.4"><aside class="number">6.4</aside> <section id="6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4">6.4</a></aside>
<h2>The imprint</h2> <h2>The imprint</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.4.1"><aside class="number">6.4.1</aside><p>The Standard Ebooks imprint is the second item in the ebook’s content flow.</p></li> <li id="6.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.1">6.4.1</a></aside><p>The Standard Ebooks imprint is the second item in the ebook’s content flow.</p></li>
<li id="6.4.2"><aside class="number">6.4.2</aside><p>The imprint has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Imprint</code>.</p></li> <li id="6.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.2">6.4.2</a></aside><p>The imprint has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Imprint</code>.</p></li>
<li id="6.4.3"><aside class="number">6.4.3</aside><p>The imprint contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"imprint"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"imprint"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the Standard Ebooks logo, followed by a series of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements containing the imprint’s content.</p></li> <li id="6.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.3">6.4.3</a></aside><p>The imprint contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"imprint"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"imprint"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the Standard Ebooks logo, followed by a series of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements containing the imprint’s content.</p></li>
<li id="6.4.4"><aside class="number">6.4.4</aside><p>The second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains links to the online transcription that the ebook is based off of, followed by a link to the online page scans used to proof against. <li id="6.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.4">6.4.4</a></aside><p>The second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains links to the online transcription that the ebook is based off of, followed by a link to the online page scans used to proof against.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="6.4.4.1"><aside class="number">6.4.4.1</aside><p>While the template lists Project Gutenberg and the Internet Archive as the default sources for transcriptions and scans, these may be adjusted to the specific sources used for a particular ebook.</p></li> <li id="6.4.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.4.1">6.4.4.1</a></aside><p>While the template lists Project Gutenberg and the Internet Archive as the default sources for transcriptions and scans, these may be adjusted to the specific sources used for a particular ebook.</p></li>
<li id="6.4.4.2"><aside class="number">6.4.4.2</aside><p>When a source is preceded by “the”, “the” is outside of the link to the source. <li id="6.4.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.4.2">6.4.4.2</a></aside><p>When a source is preceded by “the”, “the” is outside of the link to the source.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>This particular ebook is based on digital scans available at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"IA_URL"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>the Internet Archive<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>This particular ebook is based on digital scans available at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"IA_URL"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>the Internet Archive<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>This particular ebook is based on digital scans available at the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"IA_URL"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Internet Archive<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>This particular ebook is based on digital scans available at the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"IA_URL"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Internet Archive<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.4.5"><aside class="number">6.4.5</aside><p>A complete imprint looks like the following template: <li id="6.4.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.4.5">6.4.5</a></aside><p>A complete imprint looks like the following template:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-US"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -235,15 +235,15 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.5"><aside class="number">6.5</aside> <section id="6.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5">6.5</a></aside>
<h2>The half title page</h2> <h2>The half title page</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.5.1"><aside class="number">6.5.1</aside><p>A half title page is included when there is front matter of any type in an ebook besides the titlepage and imprint.</p></li> <li id="6.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5.1">6.5.1</a></aside><p>A half title page is included when there is front matter of any type in an ebook besides the titlepage and imprint.</p></li>
<li id="6.5.2"><aside class="number">6.5.2</aside><p>The half title page located after the last item of front matter, before the body matter.</p></li> <li id="6.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5.2">6.5.2</a></aside><p>The half title page located after the last item of front matter, before the body matter.</p></li>
<li id="6.5.3"><aside class="number">6.5.3</aside><p>The half title page has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Half Title</code>.</p></li> <li id="6.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5.3">6.5.3</a></aside><p>The half title page has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Half Title</code>.</p></li>
<li id="6.5.4"><aside class="number">6.5.4</aside><p>The half title page contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"halftitlepage"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"halftitlepage"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the full title of the ebook, including subtitles. The half title page is the only place where an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element may appear in a Standard Ebook.</p></li> <li id="6.5.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5.4">6.5.4</a></aside><p>The half title page contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"halftitlepage"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"halftitlepage"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the full title of the ebook, including subtitles. The half title page is the only place where an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element may appear in a Standard Ebook.</p></li>
<li id="6.5.5"><aside class="number">6.5.5</aside><p>Formatting for the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element follows patterns in <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.2.6.6">7.2.6.6</a> and <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.2.6.7">7.2.6.7</a>.</p></li> <li id="6.5.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5.5">6.5.5</a></aside><p>Formatting for the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element follows patterns in <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.2.6.6">7.2.6.6</a> and <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.2.6.7">7.2.6.7</a>.</p></li>
<li id="6.5.6"><aside class="number">6.5.6</aside><p>A complete half title page looks like the following template: <li id="6.5.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.5.6">6.5.6</a></aside><p>A complete half title page looks like the following template:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-GB"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">epub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-GB"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -263,41 +263,41 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.6"><aside class="number">6.6</aside> <section id="6.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6">6.6</a></aside>
<h2>The colophon</h2> <h2>The colophon</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.6.1"><aside class="number">6.6.1</aside><p>The colophon is the second-to-last item in the ebook’s content flow.</p></li> <li id="6.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.1">6.6.1</a></aside><p>The colophon is the second-to-last item in the ebook’s content flow.</p></li>
<li id="6.6.2"><aside class="number">6.6.2</aside><p>The colophon has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Colophon</code>.</p></li> <li id="6.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.2">6.6.2</a></aside><p>The colophon has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the value <code class="string">Colophon</code>.</p></li>
<li id="6.6.3"><aside class="number">6.6.3</aside><p>The half title page contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"colophon"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"colophon"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the Standard Ebooks logo, followed by a series of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements containing the colophon’s content.</p></li> <li id="6.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.3">6.6.3</a></aside><p>The half title page contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"colophon"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"colophon"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the Standard Ebooks logo, followed by a series of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements containing the colophon’s content.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="6.6.4"><aside class="number">6.6.4</aside> <section id="6.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.4">6.6.4</a></aside>
<h3>Names</h3> <h3>Names</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.6.4.1"><aside class="number">6.6.4.1</aside><p>Within <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, proper names except for the book title and cover art title are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element pointing to the name’s Wikipedia page, or to a link representing the name, like a personal homepage.</p></li> <li id="6.6.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.4.1">6.6.4.1</a></aside><p>Within <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, proper names except for the book title and cover art title are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element pointing to the name’s Wikipedia page, or to a link representing the name, like a personal homepage.</p></li>
<li id="6.6.4.2"><aside class="number">6.6.4.2</aside><p>If a name does not have a Wikipedia entry, the name is wrapped in <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="6.6.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.4.2">6.6.4.2</a></aside><p>If a name does not have a Wikipedia entry, the name is wrapped in <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="6.6.4.3"><aside class="number">6.6.4.3</aside><p>Two names are separated by <code class="string">and</code>. Three or more names are separated by commas, with the final name separated by <code class="string">, and</code>. (I.e., with an Oxford comma.) <li id="6.6.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.4.3">6.6.4.3</a></aside><p>Two names are separated by <code class="string">and</code>. Three or more names are separated by commas, with the final name separated by <code class="string">, and</code>. (I.e., with an Oxford comma.)
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Fritz Ohrenschall<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sania Ali Mirza<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> and <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://www.pgdp.net"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Online Distributed Proofreading Team<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Fritz Ohrenschall<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sania Ali Mirza<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> and <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://www.pgdp.net"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Online Distributed Proofreading Team<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Fritz Ohrenschall<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sania Ali Mirza<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, and <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://www.pgdp.net"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Online Distributed Proofreading Team<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Fritz Ohrenschall<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sania Ali Mirza<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, and <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://www.pgdp.net"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Online Distributed Proofreading Team<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.6.4.4"><aside class="number">6.6.4.4</aside><p>Any anonymous contributor is listed as <code class="string">An Anonymous Volunteer</code>.</p></li> <li id="6.6.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.4.4">6.6.4.4</a></aside><p>Any anonymous contributor is listed as <code class="string">An Anonymous Volunteer</code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.6.5"><aside class="number">6.6.5</aside> <section id="6.6.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5">6.6.5</a></aside>
<h3>Subsections</h3> <h3>Subsections</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.6.5.1"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1</aside><p>Subsections are represented by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="6.6.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1">6.6.5.1</a></aside><p>Subsections are represented by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="6.6.5.1.1"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.1</aside><p>Within each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element is placed before and after any proper name block. A proper name block may contain more than one name in a direct series (like a list of transcribers). <li id="6.6.5.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.1">6.6.5.1.1</a></aside><p>Within each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element is placed before and after any proper name block. A proper name block may contain more than one name in a direct series (like a list of transcribers).
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
was published in 1919 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> was published in 1919 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Merritt"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Abraham Merritt<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Merritt"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Abraham Merritt<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.6.5.1.2"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.2</aside><p>The first <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block names the book, its publication year, and its author. <li id="6.6.5.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.2">6.6.5.1.2</a></aside><p>The first <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block names the book, its publication year, and its author.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
was published in 1919 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> was published in 1919 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Merritt"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Abraham Merritt<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Merritt"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Abraham Merritt<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.6.5.1.2.1"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.2.1</aside><p>If the book has a translator, a translator block follows the author name in the same <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. The translator block follows this formula: <code class="string">It was translated from LANGUAGE in YEAR by &lt;a href="TRANSLATOR_WIKI_URL"&gt;TRANSLATOR&lt;/a&gt;.</code>. <li id="6.6.5.1.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.2.1">6.6.5.1.2.1</a></aside><p>If the book has a translator, a translator block follows the author name in the same <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. The translator block follows this formula: <code class="string">It was translated from LANGUAGE in YEAR by &lt;a href="TRANSLATOR_WIKI_URL"&gt;TRANSLATOR&lt;/a&gt;.</code>.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Eugene Onegin<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Eugene Onegin<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
was published in 1837 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> was published in 1837 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Alexander Pushkin<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Alexander Pushkin<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ It was translated from Russian in 1881 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class=
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.6.5.1.3"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.3</aside><p>The second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block names the Standard Ebooks producer, the original transcribers, and the page scan sources. <li id="6.6.5.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.3">6.6.5.1.3</a></aside><p>The second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block names the Standard Ebooks producer, the original transcribers, and the page scan sources.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>This ebook was produced for the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>This ebook was produced for the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://standardebooks.org"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Standard Ebooks project<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://standardebooks.org"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Standard Ebooks project<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ for<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</s
and on digital scans available at the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> and on digital scans available at the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://archive.org/details/worksofdumas24dumaiala"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Internet Archive<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://archive.org/details/worksofdumas24dumaiala"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Internet Archive<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.6.5.1.4"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.4</aside><p>The third <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block names the cover art, cover artist, and the typefaces used on the cover and title pages. <li id="6.6.5.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.4">6.6.5.1.4</a></aside><p>The third <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block names the cover art, cover artist, and the typefaces used on the cover and title pages.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The cover page is adapted from<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The cover page is adapted from<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.visual-art.painting"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Floral Still Life<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>,<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.visual-art.painting"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Floral Still Life<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>,<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
a painting completed in 1639 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> a painting completed in 1639 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
@ -328,13 +328,13 @@ The cover and title pages feature the<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt"
typefaces created in 2014 and 2009 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> typefaces created in 2014 and 2009 by<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The League of Moveable Type<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The League of Moveable Type<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.6.5.1.5"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.5</aside><p>The fourth <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block lists the original release date of the ebook and its Standard Ebooks page URL. <li id="6.6.5.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.5">6.6.5.1.5</a></aside><p>The fourth <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block lists the original release date of the ebook and its Standard Ebooks page URL.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The first edition of this ebook was released on<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The first edition of this ebook was released on<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>May 11, 2018, 2:13 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>a.m.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>May 11, 2018, 2:13 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>a.m.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
You can check for updates to this ebook, view its revision history, or download it for different ereading systems at<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span> You can check for updates to this ebook, view its revision history, or download it for different ereading systems at<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/alexandre-dumas/the-black-tulip/p-f-collier-and-son"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>standardebooks.org/ebooks/alexandre-dumas/the-black-tulip/p-f-collier-and-son<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/alexandre-dumas/the-black-tulip/p-f-collier-and-son"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>standardebooks.org/ebooks/alexandre-dumas/the-black-tulip/p-f-collier-and-son<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="6.6.5.1.6"><aside class="number">6.6.5.1.6</aside><p>The fifth <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block is a short formula inviting volunteers. <li id="6.6.5.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.6.5.1.6">6.6.5.1.6</a></aside><p>The fifth <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> block is a short formula inviting volunteers.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The volunteer-driven Standard Ebooks project relies on readers like you to submit typos, corrections, and other improvements. Anyone can contribute at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://standardebooks.org"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>standardebooks.org<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The volunteer-driven Standard Ebooks project relies on readers like you to submit typos, corrections, and other improvements. Anyone can contribute at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"https://standardebooks.org"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>standardebooks.org<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
@ -389,12 +389,12 @@ You can check for updates to this ebook, view its revision history, or download
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="6.7"><aside class="number">6.7</aside> <section id="6.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.7">6.7</a></aside>
<h2>The Uncopyright</h2> <h2>The Uncopyright</h2>
<p>Where traditionally published ebooks may contain a copyright page at the front of the ebook, Standard Ebooks contain an Uncopyright page at the end of the ebook.</p> <p>Where traditionally published ebooks may contain a copyright page at the front of the ebook, Standard Ebooks contain an Uncopyright page at the end of the ebook.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="6.7.1"><aside class="number">6.7.1</aside><p>The Uncopyright page is the last item in the ebook’s content flow.</p></li> <li id="6.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.7.1">6.7.1</a></aside><p>The Uncopyright page is the last item in the ebook’s content flow.</p></li>
<li id="6.7.2"><aside class="number">6.7.2</aside><p>The Uncopyright page follows the template created by <code class="bash"><b>se</b> create-draft</code> exactly.</p></li> <li id="6.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#6.7.2">6.7.2</a></aside><p>The Uncopyright page follows the template created by <code class="bash"><b>se</b> create-draft</code> exactly.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>

248
www/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns.php
View file

@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<section id="7"><aside class="number">7</aside> <section id="7"><aside class="number">7</aside>
<h1>High Level Structural Patterns</h1> <h1>High Level Structural Patterns</h1>
<p>Section should contain high-level structural patterns for common formatting situations.</p> <p>Section should contain high-level structural patterns for common formatting situations.</p>
<section id="7.1"><aside class="number">7.1</aside> <section id="7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1">7.1</a></aside>
<h2>Sectioning</h2> <h2>Sectioning</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.1.1"><aside class="number">7.1.1</aside><p>Major structural divisions of a larger work, like parts, volumes, books, chapters, or subchapters, are contained in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1.1">7.1.1</a></aside><p>Major structural divisions of a larger work, like parts, volumes, books, chapters, or subchapters, are contained in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="7.1.2"><aside class="number">7.1.2</aside><p>Individual items in a larger collection (like a poem in a poetry collection) are contained in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1.2">7.1.2</a></aside><p>Individual items in a larger collection (like a poem in a poetry collection) are contained in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="7.1.3"><aside class="number">7.1.3</aside><p>In <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that have titles, the first child element is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, or a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the section’s title.</p></li> <li id="7.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1.3">7.1.3</a></aside><p>In <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that have titles, the first child element is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, or a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the section’s title.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="7.1.4"><aside class="number">7.1.4</aside> <section id="7.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1.4">7.1.4</a></aside>
<h3>Recomposability</h3> <h3>Recomposability</h3>
<p>“Recomposability” is the concept of generating a single structurally-correct HTML5 file out of an epub file. All Standard Ebooks are recomposable.</p> <p>“Recomposability” is the concept of generating a single structurally-correct HTML5 file out of an epub file. All Standard Ebooks are recomposable.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.1.4.1"><aside class="number">7.1.4.1</aside><p>XHTML files that contain <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are semantic children of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements in other files, are wrapped in stubs of all parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, up to the root.</p></li> <li id="7.1.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1.4.1">7.1.4.1</a></aside><p>XHTML files that contain <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are semantic children of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements in other files, are wrapped in stubs of all parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">articles</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, up to the root.</p></li>
<li id="7.1.4.2"><aside class="number">7.1.4.2</aside><p>Each such included parent element has the identical <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attributes of its real counterpart.</p></li> <li id="7.1.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.1.4.2">7.1.4.2</a></aside><p>Each such included parent element has the identical <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="na">epub:type</span></code> attributes of its real counterpart.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="examples"> <section id="examples">
<h4>Examples</h4> <h4>Examples</h4>
@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.2"><aside class="number">7.2</aside> <section id="7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2">7.2</a></aside>
<h2>Headers</h2> <h2>Headers</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.2.1"><aside class="number">7.2.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are used for headers of sections that are structural divisions of a document, i.e., divisions that appear in the table of contents. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements <em>are not</em> used for headers of components that are not in the table of contents. For example, they are not used to mark up the title of a short poem in a chapter, where the poem itself is not a structural component of the larger ebook.</p></li> <li id="7.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.1">7.2.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are used for headers of sections that are structural divisions of a document, i.e., divisions that appear in the table of contents. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements <em>are not</em> used for headers of components that are not in the table of contents. For example, they are not used to mark up the title of a short poem in a chapter, where the poem itself is not a structural component of the larger ebook.</p></li>
<li id="7.2.2"><aside class="number">7.2.2</aside><p>A section containing an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> appears in the table of contents.</p></li> <li id="7.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.2">7.2.2</a></aside><p>A section containing an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> appears in the table of contents.</p></li>
<li id="7.2.3"><aside class="number">7.2.3</aside><p>The book’s title is implicitly at the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> level, even if <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is not present in the ebook. An <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is only present if the ebook contains a half title page. Because of the implicit <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, all other sections begin at <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.3">7.2.3</a></aside><p>The book’s title is implicitly at the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> level, even if <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is not present in the ebook. An <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is only present if the ebook contains a half title page. Because of the implicit <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, all other sections begin at <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.2.4"><aside class="number">7.2.4</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element uses the correct number for the section’s heading level in the overall book, <em>not</em> the section’s heading level in the individual file. For example, given an ebook with a file named <code class="path">part-2.xhtml</code> containing: <li id="7.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.4">7.2.4</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element uses the correct number for the section’s heading level in the overall book, <em>not</em> the section’s heading level in the individual file. For example, given an ebook with a file named <code class="path">part-2.xhtml</code> containing:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"part-2"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"part"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"part-2"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"part"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Part <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Part <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -71,18 +71,18 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.5"><aside class="number">7.2.5</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has a direct parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.5">7.2.5</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>–<code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h6</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has a direct parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">article</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="7.2.6"><aside class="number">7.2.6</aside> <section id="7.2.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6">7.2.6</a></aside>
<h3>Header patterns</h3> <h3>Header patterns</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.2.6.1"><aside class="number">7.2.6.1</aside><p>Sections without titles: <li id="7.2.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.1">7.2.6.1</a></aside><p>Sections without titles:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>XI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>XI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.2"><aside class="number">7.2.6.2</aside><p>Sections with titles but no ordinal (i.e. chapter) numbers: <li id="7.2.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.2">7.2.6.2</a></aside><p>Sections with titles but no ordinal (i.e. chapter) numbers:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A Daughter of Albion<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A Daughter of Albion<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.3"><aside class="number">7.2.6.3</aside><p>Sections with titles and ordinal (i.e. chapter) numbers: <li id="7.2.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.3">7.2.6.3</a></aside><p>Sections with titles and ordinal (i.e. chapter) numbers:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"subtitle"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"subtitle"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">normal</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">normal</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Who Stole the Tarts?<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Who Stole the Tarts?<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.4"><aside class="number">7.2.6.4</aside><p>Sections titles and subtitles but no ordinal (i.e. chapter) numbers: <li id="7.2.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.4">7.2.6.4</a></aside><p>Sections titles and subtitles but no ordinal (i.e. chapter) numbers:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"subtitle"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"subtitle"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">normal</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">normal</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>(A Driver’s Story)<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>(A Driver’s Story)<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.5"><aside class="number">7.2.6.5</aside><p>Sections that have a non-unique title, but that are required to be identifed in the ToC with a unique title (e.g., multiple poems identified as “Sonnet” in the body matter, which require their ToC entry to contain the poem’s first line to differentiate them): <li id="7.2.6.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.5">7.2.6.5</a></aside><p>Sections that have a non-unique title, but that are required to be identifed in the ToC with a unique title (e.g., multiple poems identified as “Sonnet” in the body matter, which require their ToC entry to contain the poem’s first line to differentiate them):
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"subtitle"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"subtitle"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">normal</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">normal</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">hidden</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"hidden"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Happy Is England!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">hidden</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"hidden"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Happy Is England!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.6"><aside class="number">7.2.6.6</aside><p>Sections that require titles, but that are not in the table of contents: <li id="7.2.6.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.6">7.2.6.6</a></aside><p>Sections that require titles, but that are not in the table of contents:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Title of a Short Poem<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Title of a Short Poem<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.7"><aside class="number">7.2.6.7</aside><p>Half title pages without subtitles: <li id="7.2.6.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.7">7.2.6.7</a></aside><p>Half title pages without subtitles:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Eugene Onegin<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Eugene Onegin<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.2.6.8"><aside class="number">7.2.6.8</aside><p>Half title pages with subtitles: <li id="7.2.6.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.6.8">7.2.6.8</a></aside><p>Half title pages with subtitles:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His Last Bow<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His Last Bow<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Some Reminiscences of Sherlock Holmes<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Some Reminiscences of Sherlock Holmes<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.2.7"><aside class="number">7.2.7</aside> <section id="7.2.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.7">7.2.7</a></aside>
<h3>Bridgeheads</h3> <h3>Bridgeheads</h3>
<p>Bridgeheads are sections in a chapter header that give an abstract or summary of the following chapter. They may be in prose or in a short list with clauses separated by em dashes.</p> <p>Bridgeheads are sections in a chapter header that give an abstract or summary of the following chapter. They may be in prose or in a short list with clauses separated by em dashes.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.2.7.1"><aside class="number">7.2.7.1</aside><p>The last clause in a bridgehead ends in appropriate punctuation, like a period.</p></li> <li id="7.2.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.7.1">7.2.7.1</a></aside><p>The last clause in a bridgehead ends in appropriate punctuation, like a period.</p></li>
<li id="7.2.7.2"><aside class="number">7.2.7.2</aside><p>Bridgeheads have the following CSS and HTML structure: <li id="7.2.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.2.7.2">7.2.7.2</a></aside><p>Bridgeheads have the following CSS and HTML structure:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"bridgehead"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"bridgehead"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">font-style</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">italic</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-style</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">italic</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -162,11 +162,11 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.3"><aside class="number">7.3</aside> <section id="7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.3">7.3</a></aside>
<h2>Dedications</h2> <h2>Dedications</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.3.1"><aside class="number">7.3.1</aside><p>Dedications are typically full-page, centered on the page for ereaders that support advanced CSS. For all other ereaders, the dedication is horizontally centered with a small margin above it.</p></li> <li id="7.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.3.1">7.3.1</a></aside><p>Dedications are typically full-page, centered on the page for ereaders that support advanced CSS. For all other ereaders, the dedication is horizontally centered with a small margin above it.</p></li>
<li id="7.3.2"><aside class="number">7.3.2</aside><p>All dedications include this base CSS: <li id="7.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.3.2">7.3.2</a></aside><p>All dedications include this base CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* All dedications */</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* All dedications */</span>
<span class="nt">section</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"dedication"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">section</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"dedication"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -192,13 +192,13 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c">/* End all dedications */</span></code></figure> <span class="c">/* End all dedications */</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.3.3"><aside class="number">7.3.3</aside><p>Dedications are frequently styled uniquely by the authors. Therefore Standard Ebooks producers have freedom to style dedications to match page scans, for example by including small caps, different font sizes, alignments, etc.</p></li> <li id="7.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.3.3">7.3.3</a></aside><p>Dedications are frequently styled uniquely by the authors. Therefore Standard Ebooks producers have freedom to style dedications to match page scans, for example by including small caps, different font sizes, alignments, etc.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.4"><aside class="number">7.4</aside> <section id="7.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4">7.4</a></aside>
<h2>Epigraphs</h2> <h2>Epigraphs</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.4.1"><aside class="number">7.4.1</aside><p>All epigraphs include this CSS: <li id="7.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.1">7.4.1</a></aside><p>All epigraphs include this CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* All epigraphs */</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* All epigraphs */</span>
<span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"epigraph"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"epigraph"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-style</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">italic</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-style</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">italic</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -222,10 +222,10 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="c">/* End all epigraphs */</span></code></figure> <span class="c">/* End all epigraphs */</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="7.4.2"><aside class="number">7.4.2</aside> <section id="7.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.2">7.4.2</a></aside>
<h3>Epigraphs in section headers</h3> <h3>Epigraphs in section headers</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.4.2.1"><aside class="number">7.4.2.1</aside><p>Epigraphs in section headers have the quote source in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">cite</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element set in small caps, without a leading em-dash and without a trailing period. <li id="7.4.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.2.1">7.4.2.1</a></aside><p>Epigraphs in section headers have the quote source in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">cite</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element set in small caps, without a leading em-dash and without a trailing period.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.4.2.2"><aside class="number">7.4.2.2</aside><p>In addition to the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.3.1">CSS used for all epigraphs</a>, this additional CSS is included for epigraphs in section headers: <li id="7.4.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.2.2">7.4.2.2</a></aside><p>In addition to the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.3.1">CSS used for all epigraphs</a>, this additional CSS is included for epigraphs in section headers:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* Epigraphs in section headers */</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* Epigraphs in section headers */</span>
<span class="nt">section</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">header</span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"epigraph"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">section</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">header</span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"epigraph"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">inline-block</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -266,12 +266,12 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.4.3"><aside class="number">7.4.3</aside> <section id="7.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.3">7.4.3</a></aside>
<h3>Full-page epigraphs</h3> <h3>Full-page epigraphs</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.4.3.1"><aside class="number">7.4.3.1</aside><p>In full-page epigraphs, the epigraph is centered on the page for ereaders that support advanced CSS. For all other ereaders, the epigraph is horizontally centered with a small margin above it.</p></li> <li id="7.4.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.3.1">7.4.3.1</a></aside><p>In full-page epigraphs, the epigraph is centered on the page for ereaders that support advanced CSS. For all other ereaders, the epigraph is horizontally centered with a small margin above it.</p></li>
<li id="7.4.3.2"><aside class="number">7.4.3.2</aside><p>Full-page epigraphs that contain multiple quotations are represented by multiple <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements.</p></li> <li id="7.4.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.3.2">7.4.3.2</a></aside><p>Full-page epigraphs that contain multiple quotations are represented by multiple <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements.</p></li>
<li id="7.4.3.3"><aside class="number">7.4.3.3</aside><p>In addition to the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.3.1">CSS used for all epigraphs</a>, this additional CSS is included for full-page epigraphs: <li id="7.4.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.3.3">7.4.3.3</a></aside><p>In addition to the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.3.1">CSS used for all epigraphs</a>, this additional CSS is included for full-page epigraphs:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* Full-page epigraphs */</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="c">/* Full-page epigraphs */</span>
<span class="nt">section</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"epigraph"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">section</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"epigraph"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c">/* End full-page epigraphs */</span></code></figure> <span class="c">/* End full-page epigraphs */</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.4.3.4"><aside class="number">7.4.3.4</aside><p>Example HTML: <li id="7.4.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.4.3.4">7.4.3.4</a></aside><p>Example HTML:
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"frontmatter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"frontmatter"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -323,11 +323,11 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.5"><aside class="number">7.5</aside> <section id="7.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5">7.5</a></aside>
<h2>Poetry, verse, and songs</h2> <h2>Poetry, verse, and songs</h2>
<p>Unfortunately there’s no great way to semantically format poetry in HTML. As such, unrelated elements are conscripted for use in poetry.</p> <p>Unfortunately there’s no great way to semantically format poetry in HTML. As such, unrelated elements are conscripted for use in poetry.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.5.1"><aside class="number">7.5.1</aside><p>A stanza is represented by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element styled with this CSS: <li id="7.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.1">7.5.1</a></aside><p>A stanza is represented by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element styled with this CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">left</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -341,19 +341,19 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.5.2"><aside class="number">7.5.2</aside><p>Each stanza contains <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, each one representing a line in the stanza, styled with this CSS: <li id="7.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.2">7.5.2</a></aside><p>Each stanza contains <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements, each one representing a line in the stanza, styled with this CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="nt">p</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="nt">p</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">-1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">-1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.5.3"><aside class="number">7.5.3</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> line is followed by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element, except for the last line in a stanza, styled with this CSS: <li id="7.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.3">7.5.3</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> line is followed by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span></code> element, except for the last line in a stanza, styled with this CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="nt">p</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">span</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="nt">p</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">span</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.5.4"><aside class="number">7.5.4</aside><p>Indented <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> lines have the <code class="bash"><span class="s">i1</span></code> class. <i>Do not</i> use <code class="ws">nbsp</code> for indentation. Indenting to different levels is done by incrementing the class to <code class="css"><span class="nt">i2</span></code>, <code class="css"><span class="nt">i3</span></code>, and so on, and including the appropriate CSS. <li id="7.5.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.4">7.5.4</a></aside><p>Indented <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> lines have the <code class="bash"><span class="s">i1</span></code> class. <i>Do not</i> use <code class="ws">nbsp</code> for indentation. Indenting to different levels is done by incrementing the class to <code class="css"><span class="nt">i2</span></code>, <code class="css"><span class="nt">i3</span></code>, and so on, and including the appropriate CSS.
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">i1</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">i1</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">-1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">-1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.5.5"><aside class="number">7.5.5</aside><p>Poems, songs, and verse that are shorter part of a longer work, like a novel, are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="7.5.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.5">7.5.5</a></aside><p>Poems, songs, and verse that are shorter part of a longer work, like a novel, are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:poem"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -372,8 +372,8 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.5.6"><aside class="number">7.5.6</aside><p>The parent element of poetry, verse, or song, has the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:poem</span></code>, <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:verse</span></code>, <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:song</span></code>, or <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:hymn</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.5.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.6">7.5.6</a></aside><p>The parent element of poetry, verse, or song, has the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:poem</span></code>, <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:verse</span></code>, <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:song</span></code>, or <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:hymn</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.5.7"><aside class="number">7.5.7</aside><p>If a poem is quoted and has one or more lines removed, the removed lines are represented with a vertical ellipses (<code class="utf">⋮</code> or U+22EE) in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"elision"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element styled with this CSS: <li id="7.5.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.5.7">7.5.7</a></aside><p>If a poem is quoted and has one or more lines removed, the removed lines are represented with a vertical ellipses (<code class="utf">⋮</code> or U+22EE) in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"elision"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element styled with this CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">elision</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">elision</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mf">.5</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mf">.5</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -457,12 +457,12 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.6"><aside class="number">7.6</aside> <section id="7.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6">7.6</a></aside>
<h2>Plays and drama</h2> <h2>Plays and drama</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.6.1"><aside class="number">7.6.1</aside><p>Dialog in plays is structured using <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements.</p></li> <li id="7.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.1">7.6.1</a></aside><p>Dialog in plays is structured using <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.2"><aside class="number">7.6.2</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is either a block of dialog or a standalone stage direction.</p></li> <li id="7.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.2">7.6.2</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is either a block of dialog or a standalone stage direction.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.3"><aside class="number">7.6.3</aside><p>Works that are plays or that contain sections of dramatic dialog have this core CSS: <li id="7.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.3">7.6.3</a></aside><p>Works that are plays or that contain sections of dramatic dialog have this core CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:drama"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:drama"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">border-collapse</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">collapse</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">border-collapse</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">collapse</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span>
@ -522,11 +522,11 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="7.6.4"><aside class="number">7.6.4</aside> <section id="7.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.4">7.6.4</a></aside>
<h3>Dialog rows</h3> <h3>Dialog rows</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.6.4.1"><aside class="number">7.6.4.1</aside><p>The first child of a row of dialog is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:persona</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.6.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.4.1">7.6.4.1</a></aside><p>The first child of a row of dialog is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:persona</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.4.2"><aside class="number">7.6.4.2</aside><p>The second child of a row of dialog is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the actual dialog. Elements that contain only one line of dialog do not have a block-level child (like <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>). <li id="7.6.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.4.2">7.6.4.2</a></aside><p>The second child of a row of dialog is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the actual dialog. Elements that contain only one line of dialog do not have a block-level child (like <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>).
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:persona"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Algernon<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:persona"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Algernon<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Did you hear what I was playing, Lane?<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Did you hear what I was playing, Lane?<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I didn’t think it polite to listen, sir.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I didn’t think it polite to listen, sir.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.6.4.3"><aside class="number">7.6.4.3</aside><p>When several personas speak at once, or a group of personas ("The Actors") speaks at once, the containing <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">together</span></code> class, and the first <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> child has a <code class="html"><span class="na">rowspan</span></code> attribute corresponding to the number of lines spoken together. <li id="7.6.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.4.3">7.6.4.3</a></aside><p>When several personas speak at once, or a group of personas ("The Actors") speaks at once, the containing <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">together</span></code> class, and the first <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> child has a <code class="html"><span class="na">rowspan</span></code> attribute corresponding to the number of lines spoken together.
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">together</span> <span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">together</span> <span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mf">.5</span><span class="kt">em</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mf">.5</span><span class="kt">em</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">vertical-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">middle</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">vertical-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">middle</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -575,13 +575,13 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.6.5"><aside class="number">7.6.5</aside> <section id="7.6.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.5">7.6.5</a></aside>
<h3>Stage direction rows</h3> <h3>Stage direction rows</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.6.5.1"><aside class="number">7.6.5.1</aside><p>The first child of a row of stage direction is an empty <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.6.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.5.1">7.6.5.1</a></aside><p>The first child of a row of stage direction is an empty <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.5.2"><aside class="number">7.6.5.2</aside><p>The second child of a row of dialog is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the stage direction</p></li> <li id="7.6.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.5.2">7.6.5.2</a></aside><p>The second child of a row of dialog is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">td</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing the stage direction</p></li>
<li id="7.6.5.3"><aside class="number">7.6.5.3</aside><p>Stage direction is wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:stage-direction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.6.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.5.3">7.6.5.3</a></aside><p>Stage direction is wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:stage-direction"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.5.4"><aside class="number">7.6.5.4</aside><p>Personas mentioned in stage direction are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:persona"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.6.5.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.5.4">7.6.5.4</a></aside><p>Personas mentioned in stage direction are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:persona"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="id2"> <section id="id2">
<h4>Examples</h4> <h4>Examples</h4>
@ -593,12 +593,12 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">tr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.6.6"><aside class="number">7.6.6</aside> <section id="7.6.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.6">7.6.6</a></aside>
<h3>Works that are complete plays</h3> <h3>Works that are complete plays</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.6.6.1"><aside class="number">7.6.6.1</aside><p>The top-level element (usually <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>) has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:drama</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li> <li id="7.6.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.6.1">7.6.6.1</a></aside><p>The top-level element (usually <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>) has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:drama</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.6.2"><aside class="number">7.6.6.2</aside><p>Acts are <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements containing at least one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> for dialog, and optionally containing an act title and other top-level stage direction.</p></li> <li id="7.6.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.6.2">7.6.6.2</a></aside><p>Acts are <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements containing at least one <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">table</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> for dialog, and optionally containing an act title and other top-level stage direction.</p></li>
<li id="7.6.6.3"><aside class="number">7.6.6.3</aside><p>Introductory or high-level stage direction is presented using <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements outside of the dialog table. <li id="7.6.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.6.3">7.6.6.3</a></aside><p>Introductory or high-level stage direction is presented using <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements outside of the dialog table.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"bodymatter z3998:fiction z3998:drama"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"bodymatter z3998:fiction z3998:drama"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"act-1"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter z3998:scene"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"act-1"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"chapter z3998:scene"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Act <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Act <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">section</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.6.6.4"><aside class="number">7.6.6.4</aside><p>Dramatis personae are presented as a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element listing the characters. <li id="7.6.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.6.6.4">7.6.6.4</a></aside><p>Dramatis personae are presented as a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element listing the characters.
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:dramatis-personae"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:dramatis-personae"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span>
@ -641,42 +641,42 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.7"><aside class="number">7.7</aside> <section id="7.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7">7.7</a></aside>
<h2>Letters</h2> <h2>Letters</h2>
<p>Letters require particular attention to styling and semantic inflection. Letters may not exactly match the formatting in the source scans, but they are in visual sympathy with the source.</p> <p>Letters require particular attention to styling and semantic inflection. Letters may not exactly match the formatting in the source scans, but they are in visual sympathy with the source.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.7.1"><aside class="number">7.7.1</aside><p>Letters are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the appropriate semantic inflection, usually <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:letter</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.1">7.7.1</a></aside><p>Letters are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the appropriate semantic inflection, usually <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:letter</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="7.7.2"><aside class="number">7.7.2</aside> <section id="7.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2">7.7.2</a></aside>
<h3>Letter headers</h3> <h3>Letter headers</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.7.2.1"><aside class="number">7.7.2.1</aside><p>Parts of a letter prior to the body of the letter, for example the location where it is written, the date, and the salutation, are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.7.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.1">7.7.2.1</a></aside><p>Parts of a letter prior to the body of the letter, for example the location where it is written, the date, and the salutation, are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="7.7.2.2"><aside class="number">7.7.2.2</aside><p>If there is only a salutation and no other header content, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is omitted.</p></li> <li id="7.7.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.2">7.7.2.2</a></aside><p>If there is only a salutation and no other header content, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is omitted.</p></li>
<li id="7.7.2.3"><aside class="number">7.7.2.3</aside><p>The location and date of a letter have the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">se:letter.dateline</span></code>. Dates are in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">time</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with a computer-readable date. <li id="7.7.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.3">7.7.2.3</a></aside><p>The location and date of a letter have the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">se:letter.dateline</span></code>. Dates are in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">time</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with a computer-readable date.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:letter.dateline"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Blarney Castle, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">time</span> <span class="na">datetime</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"1863-10-11"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>11th of October, 1863<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">time</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:letter.dateline"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Blarney Castle, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">time</span> <span class="na">datetime</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"1863-10-11"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>11th of October, 1863<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">time</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.7.2.4"><aside class="number">7.7.2.4</aside><p>The salutation (for example, “Dear Sir” or “My dearest Jane”) has the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:salutation</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.7.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.4">7.7.2.4</a></aside><p>The salutation (for example, “Dear Sir” or “My dearest Jane”) has the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:salutation</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.7.2.5"><aside class="number">7.7.2.5</aside><p>The first line of a letter after the salutation is not indented.</p></li> <li id="7.7.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.5">7.7.2.5</a></aside><p>The first line of a letter after the salutation is not indented.</p></li>
<li id="7.7.2.6"><aside class="number">7.7.2.6</aside><p>Salutations that are within the first line of the letter are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:salutation</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element (or a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:salutation</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element if small-caps are desired). <li id="7.7.2.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.6">7.7.2.6</a></aside><p>Salutations that are within the first line of the letter are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:salutation</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element (or a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:salutation</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element if small-caps are desired).
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:salutation"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Dear Mother<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, I was so happy to hear from you.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:salutation"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Dear Mother<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, I was so happy to hear from you.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.7.2.7"><aside class="number">7.7.2.7</aside><p>The name of the recipient of the letter, when set out other than within a saluation (for example a letter headed “To: John Smith Esquire”), is given the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:recipient</span></code>. Sometimes this may occur at the end of a letter, particularly for more formal communications, in which case it is placed within a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.7.2.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.2.7">7.7.2.7</a></aside><p>The name of the recipient of the letter, when set out other than within a saluation (for example a letter headed “To: John Smith Esquire”), is given the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:recipient</span></code>. Sometimes this may occur at the end of a letter, particularly for more formal communications, in which case it is placed within a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.7.3"><aside class="number">7.7.3</aside> <section id="7.7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.3">7.7.3</a></aside>
<h3>Letter footers</h3> <h3>Letter footers</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.7.3.1"><aside class="number">7.7.3.1</aside><p>Parts of a letter after the body of the letter, for example the signature or postscript, are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="7.7.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.3.1">7.7.3.1</a></aside><p>Parts of a letter after the body of the letter, for example the signature or postscript, are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="7.7.3.2"><aside class="number">7.7.3.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the following CSS: <li id="7.7.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.3.2">7.7.3.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the following CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin-top</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin-top</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">right</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.7.3.3"><aside class="number">7.7.3.3</aside><p>The valediction (for example, “Yours Truly” or “With best regards”) has the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:valediction</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.7.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.3.3">7.7.3.3</a></aside><p>The valediction (for example, “Yours Truly” or “With best regards”) has the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:valediction</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.7.3.4"><aside class="number">7.7.3.4</aside><p>The sender’s name has semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:sender</span></code>. If the name appears to be a signature to the letter, it has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">signature</span></code> class and the corresponding <code class="css"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">signature</span></code> CSS. <li id="7.7.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.3.4">7.7.3.4</a></aside><p>The sender’s name has semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:sender</span></code>. If the name appears to be a signature to the letter, it has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">signature</span></code> class and the corresponding <code class="css"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">signature</span></code> CSS.
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">signature</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">signature</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:sender"</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"signature"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>John Doe<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, President<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:sender"</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"signature"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>John Doe<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, President<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">footer</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.7.3.5"><aside class="number">7.7.3.5</aside><p>Postscripts have the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:postscript</span></code> and the following CSS: <li id="7.7.3.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.7.3.5">7.7.3.5</a></aside><p>Postscripts have the semantic inflection of <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:postscript</span></code> and the following CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:postscript"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">epub</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="o">~=</span><span class="s2">"z3998:postscript"</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin-top</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin-top</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">left</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -748,27 +748,27 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.8"><aside class="number">7.8</aside> <section id="7.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8">7.8</a></aside>
<h2>Images</h2> <h2>Images</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.8.1"><aside class="number">7.8.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have an <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute that uses prose to describe the image in detail; this is what screen reading software will read aloud. <li id="7.8.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.1">7.8.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have an <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute that uses prose to describe the image in detail; this is what screen reading software will read aloud.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="7.8.1.1"><aside class="number">7.8.1.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute describes the visual image itself in words, which is not the same as writing a caption or describing its place in the book. <li id="7.8.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.1.1">7.8.1.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute describes the visual image itself in words, which is not the same as writing a caption or describing its place in the book.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"The illustration for chapter 10"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"The illustration for chapter 10"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Pierre’s fruit-filled dinner"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Pierre’s fruit-filled dinner"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"An apple and a pear inside a bowl, resting on a table."</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"An apple and a pear inside a bowl, resting on a table."</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.8.1.2"><aside class="number">7.8.1.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is one or more complete sentences ended with periods or other appropriate punctuation. It is not composed of sentence fragments or complete sentences without ending punctuation.</p></li> <li id="7.8.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.1.2">7.8.1.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is one or more complete sentences ended with periods or other appropriate punctuation. It is not composed of sentence fragments or complete sentences without ending punctuation.</p></li>
<li id="7.8.1.3"><aside class="number">7.8.1.3</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is not necessarily the same as text in the image’s sibling <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, if one is present.</p></li> <li id="7.8.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.1.3">7.8.1.3</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is not necessarily the same as text in the image’s sibling <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, if one is present.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.8.2"><aside class="number">7.8.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have semantic inflection denoting the type of image. Common values are <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:illustration</span></code> or <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:photograph</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="7.8.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.2">7.8.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have semantic inflection denoting the type of image. Common values are <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:illustration</span></code> or <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:photograph</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.8.3"><aside class="number">7.8.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element whose image is black-on-white line art (i.e. exactly two colors, <strong>not</strong> grayscale!) are PNG files with a transparent background. They have the <code class="bash"><span class="s">se:image.color-depth.black-on-transparent</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li> <li id="7.8.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.3">7.8.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element whose image is black-on-white line art (i.e. exactly two colors, <strong>not</strong> grayscale!) are PNG files with a transparent background. They have the <code class="bash"><span class="s">se:image.color-depth.black-on-transparent</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li>
<li id="7.8.4"><aside class="number">7.8.4</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are meant to be aligned on the block level or displayed as full-page images are contained in a parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, with an optional <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> sibling. <li id="7.8.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.4">7.8.4</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are meant to be aligned on the block level or displayed as full-page images are contained in a parent <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, with an optional <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> sibling.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="7.8.4.1"><aside class="number">7.8.4.1</aside><p>When contained in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element does not have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute; instead the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute.</p></li> <li id="7.8.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.4.1">7.8.4.1</a></aside><p>When contained in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element does not have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute; instead the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute.</p></li>
<li id="7.8.4.2"><aside class="number">7.8.4.2</aside><p>An optional <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing a concise context-dependent caption may follow the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element within a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. This caption depends on the surrounding context, and is not necessarily (or even ideally) identical to the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element’s <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute.</p></li> <li id="7.8.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.4.2">7.8.4.2</a></aside><p>An optional <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing a concise context-dependent caption may follow the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element within a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. This caption depends on the surrounding context, and is not necessarily (or even ideally) identical to the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element’s <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute.</p></li>
<li id="7.8.4.3"><aside class="number">7.8.4.3</aside><p>All figure elements, regardless of positioning, have this CSS: <li id="7.8.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.4.3">7.8.4.3</a></aside><p>All figure elements, regardless of positioning, have this CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">figure</span> <span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">figure</span> <span class="nt">img</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">block</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">auto</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">auto</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.8.4.4"><aside class="number">7.8.4.4</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are meant to be displayed as full-page images have the <code class="bash"><span class="s">full-page</span></code> class and this additional CSS: <li id="7.8.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.4.4">7.8.4.4</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that are meant to be displayed as full-page images have the <code class="bash"><span class="s">full-page</span></code> class and this additional CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">full-page</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">full-page</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">max-height</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="kt">%</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">max-height</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="kt">%</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.8.4.5"><aside class="number">7.8.4.5</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that meant to be aligned block-level with the text have this additional CSS: <li id="7.8.4.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.8.4.5">7.8.4.5</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements that meant to be aligned block-level with the text have this additional CSS:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">figure</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span> <span class="kc">auto</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">em</span> <span class="kc">auto</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">center</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -851,21 +851,21 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He saw strange alien text that looked like this: <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"A line of alien heiroglyphs."</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"../images/alien-text.svg"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:illustration se:color-depth.black-on-transparent"</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span>. There was nothing else amongst the ruins.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He saw strange alien text that looked like this: <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"A line of alien heiroglyphs."</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"../images/alien-text.svg"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:illustration se:color-depth.black-on-transparent"</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span>. There was nothing else amongst the ruins.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.9"><aside class="number">7.9</aside> <section id="7.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9">7.9</a></aside>
<h2>List of Illustrations (the LoI)</h2> <h2>List of Illustrations (the LoI)</h2>
<p>If an ebook has any illustrations that are <em>major structural components</em> of the work (even just one!), then the ebook includes an <code class="path">loi.xhtml</code> file at the end of the ebook. This file lists the illustrations in the ebook, along with a short caption or description.</p> <p>If an ebook has any illustrations that are <em>major structural components</em> of the work (even just one!), then the ebook includes an <code class="path">loi.xhtml</code> file at the end of the ebook. This file lists the illustrations in the ebook, along with a short caption or description.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.9.1"><aside class="number">7.9.1</aside><p>The LoI is an XHTML file located in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/loi.xhtml</code>.</p></li> <li id="7.9.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.1">7.9.1</a></aside><p>The LoI is an XHTML file located in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/loi.xhtml</code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.9.2"><aside class="number">7.9.2</aside><p>The LoI file has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">backmatter</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li> <li id="7.9.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.2">7.9.2</a></aside><p>The LoI file has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">backmatter</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li>
<li id="7.9.3"><aside class="number">7.9.3</aside><p>The LoI only contains links to images that are major structural components of the work. <li id="7.9.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.3">7.9.3</a></aside><p>The LoI only contains links to images that are major structural components of the work.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="7.9.3.1"><aside class="number">7.9.3.1</aside><p>An illustration is a major structural component if, for example: it is an illustration of events in the book, like a full-page drawing or end-of-chapter decoration; it is essential to the plot, like a diagram of a murder scene or a map; or it is a component of the text, like photographs in a documentary narrative.</p></li> <li id="7.9.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.3.1">7.9.3.1</a></aside><p>An illustration is a major structural component if, for example: it is an illustration of events in the book, like a full-page drawing or end-of-chapter decoration; it is essential to the plot, like a diagram of a murder scene or a map; or it is a component of the text, like photographs in a documentary narrative.</p></li>
<li id="7.9.3.2"><aside class="number">7.9.3.2</aside><p>An illustration is <em>not</em> a major structural components if, for example: it is a drawing used to represent a person’s signature, like an X mark; it is an inline drawing representing text in alien languages; it is a drawing used as a layout element to illustrate forms, tables, or diagrams.</p></li> <li id="7.9.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.3.2">7.9.3.2</a></aside><p>An illustration is <em>not</em> a major structural components if, for example: it is a drawing used to represent a person’s signature, like an X mark; it is an inline drawing representing text in alien languages; it is a drawing used as a layout element to illustrate forms, tables, or diagrams.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.9.4"><aside class="number">7.9.4</aside><p>The LoI file contains a single <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"loi"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"loi"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>List of Illustrations<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, followed by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"loi"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains list items representing the images.</p></li> <li id="7.9.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.4">7.9.4</a></aside><p>The LoI file contains a single <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"loi"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"loi"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>List of Illustrations<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, followed by a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">nav</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"loi"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains list items representing the images.</p></li>
<li id="7.9.5"><aside class="number">7.9.5</aside><p>If an image listed in the LoI has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, then that caption is used in the anchor text for that LoI entry. If not, the image’s <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is used. If the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is too long for a concise LoI entry, the <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is used instead.</p></li> <li id="7.9.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.5">7.9.5</a></aside><p>If an image listed in the LoI has a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, then that caption is used in the anchor text for that LoI entry. If not, the image’s <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is used. If the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">figcaption</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is too long for a concise LoI entry, the <code class="html"><span class="na">alt</span></code> attribute is used instead.</p></li>
<li id="7.9.6"><aside class="number">7.9.6</aside><p>Links to the images go directly to the image’s corresponding <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> hashes, not just the top of the containing file.</p></li> <li id="7.9.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.9.6">7.9.6</a></aside><p>Links to the images go directly to the image’s corresponding <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> hashes, not just the top of the containing file.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="id5"> <section id="id5">
<h3>Examples</h3> <h3>Examples</h3>
@ -892,49 +892,49 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.10"><aside class="number">7.10</aside> <section id="7.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10">7.10</a></aside>
<h2>Endnotes</h2> <h2>Endnotes</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.10.1"><aside class="number">7.10.1</aside><p>Ebooks do not have footnotes, only endnotes. Footnotes are instead converted to endnotes.</p></li> <li id="7.10.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.1">7.10.1</a></aside><p>Ebooks do not have footnotes, only endnotes. Footnotes are instead converted to endnotes.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.2"><aside class="number">7.10.2</aside><p>“Ibid.” is a Latinism commonly used in endnotes to indicate that the source for a quotation or reference is the same as the last-mentioned source. <li id="7.10.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.2">7.10.2</a></aside><p>“Ibid.” is a Latinism commonly used in endnotes to indicate that the source for a quotation or reference is the same as the last-mentioned source.
</p><p>When the last-mentioned source is in the previous endnote, Ibid. is replaced by the full reference; otherwise Ibid. is left as-is. Since ebooks use popup endnotes, “Ibid.” becomes meaningless without context.</p> </p><p>When the last-mentioned source is in the previous endnote, Ibid. is replaced by the full reference; otherwise Ibid. is left as-is. Since ebooks use popup endnotes, “Ibid.” becomes meaningless without context.</p>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="7.10.3"><aside class="number">7.10.3</aside> <section id="7.10.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3">7.10.3</a></aside>
<h3>Noterefs</h3> <h3>Noterefs</h3>
<p>The noteref is the superscripted number in the body text that links to the endnote at the end of the book.</p> <p>The noteref is the superscripted number in the body text that links to the endnote at the end of the book.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.10.3.1"><aside class="number">7.10.3.1</aside><p>Endnotes are referenced in the text by an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection <code class="bash"><span class="s">noteref</span></code>. <li id="7.10.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3.1">7.10.3.1</a></aside><p>Endnotes are referenced in the text by an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with the semantic inflection <code class="bash"><span class="s">noteref</span></code>.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="7.10.3.1.1"><aside class="number">7.10.3.1.1</aside><p>Noterefs point directly to the corresponding endnote <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element in the endnotes file.</p></li> <li id="7.10.3.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3.1.1">7.10.3.1.1</a></aside><p>Noterefs point directly to the corresponding endnote <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element in the endnotes file.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.3.1.2"><aside class="number">7.10.3.1.2</aside><p>Noterefs have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute like <code class="bash"><span class="s">noteref-n</span></code>, where <code class="bash"><span class="s">n</span></code> is identical to the endnote number.</p></li> <li id="7.10.3.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3.1.2">7.10.3.1.2</a></aside><p>Noterefs have an <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute like <code class="bash"><span class="s">noteref-n</span></code>, where <code class="bash"><span class="s">n</span></code> is identical to the endnote number.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.3.1.3"><aside class="number">7.10.3.1.3</aside><p>The text of the noteref is the endnote number.</p></li> <li id="7.10.3.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3.1.3">7.10.3.1.3</a></aside><p>The text of the noteref is the endnote number.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.10.3.2"><aside class="number">7.10.3.2</aside><p>If located at the end of a sentence, noterefs are placed after ending punctuation.</p></li> <li id="7.10.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3.2">7.10.3.2</a></aside><p>If located at the end of a sentence, noterefs are placed after ending punctuation.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.3.3"><aside class="number">7.10.3.3</aside><p>If the endnote references an entire sentence in quotation marks, or the last word in a sentence in quotation marks, then the noteref is placed outside the quotation marks.</p></li> <li id="7.10.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.3.3">7.10.3.3</a></aside><p>If the endnote references an entire sentence in quotation marks, or the last word in a sentence in quotation marks, then the noteref is placed outside the quotation marks.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.10.4"><aside class="number">7.10.4</aside> <section id="7.10.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.4">7.10.4</a></aside>
<h3>The endnotes file</h3> <h3>The endnotes file</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.10.4.1"><aside class="number">7.10.4.1</aside><p>Endnotes are in an XHTML file located in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/endnotes.xhtml</code>.</p></li> <li id="7.10.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.4.1">7.10.4.1</a></aside><p>Endnotes are in an XHTML file located in <code class="path">./src/epub/text/endnotes.xhtml</code>.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.4.2"><aside class="number">7.10.4.2</aside><p>The endnotes file has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">backmatter</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li> <li id="7.10.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.4.2">7.10.4.2</a></aside><p>The endnotes file has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">backmatter</span></code> semantic inflection.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.4.3"><aside class="number">7.10.4.3</aside><p>The endnotes file contains a single <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"endnotes"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"endnotes"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Endnotes<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, followed by an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing list items representing the endnotes.</p></li> <li id="7.10.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.4.3">7.10.4.3</a></aside><p>The endnotes file contains a single <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">section</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"endnotes"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"endnotes"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, which in turn contains an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Endnotes<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, followed by an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing list items representing the endnotes.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.4.4"><aside class="number">7.10.4.4</aside><p>Each endnote’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute is in sequential ascending order.</p></li> <li id="7.10.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.4.4">7.10.4.4</a></aside><p>Each endnote’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute is in sequential ascending order.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="7.10.5"><aside class="number">7.10.5</aside> <section id="7.10.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.5">7.10.5</a></aside>
<h3>Individual endnotes</h3> <h3>Individual endnotes</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="7.10.5.1"><aside class="number">7.10.5.1</aside><p>An endnote is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"note-n"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"endnote"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing one or more block-level text elements and one backlink element.</p></li> <li id="7.10.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.5.1">7.10.5.1</a></aside><p>An endnote is an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">li</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"note-n"</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"endnote"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element containing one or more block-level text elements and one backlink element.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.5.2"><aside class="number">7.10.5.2</aside><p>Each endnote’s contains a backlink, which has the semantic inflection <code class="bash"><span class="s">backlink</span></code>, contains the text <code class="string">↩</code>, and has the <code class="html"><span class="na">href</span></code> attribute pointing to the corresponding noteref hash. <li id="7.10.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.5.2">7.10.5.2</a></aside><p>Each endnote’s contains a backlink, which has the semantic inflection <code class="bash"><span class="s">backlink</span></code>, contains the text <code class="string">↩</code>, and has the <code class="html"><span class="na">href</span></code> attribute pointing to the corresponding noteref hash.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="7.10.5.2.1"><aside class="number">7.10.5.2.1</aside><p>In endnotes where the last block-level element is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, the backlink goes at the end of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, preceded by exactly one space.</p></li> <li id="7.10.5.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.5.2.1">7.10.5.2.1</a></aside><p>In endnotes where the last block-level element is a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, the backlink goes at the end of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, preceded by exactly one space.</p></li>
<li id="7.10.5.2.2"><aside class="number">7.10.5.2.2</aside><p>In endnotes where the last block-level element is verse, quotation, or otherwise not plain prose text, the backlink goes in its own <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element following the last block-level element in the endnote.</p></li> <li id="7.10.5.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.5.2.2">7.10.5.2.2</a></aside><p>In endnotes where the last block-level element is verse, quotation, or otherwise not plain prose text, the backlink goes in its own <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element following the last block-level element in the endnote.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="7.10.5.3"><aside class="number">7.10.5.3</aside><p>Endnotes with ending citations have those citations are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">cite</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, including any em-dashes. A space follows the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">cite</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, before the backlink.</p></li> <li id="7.10.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#7.10.5.3">7.10.5.3</a></aside><p>Endnotes with ending citations have those citations are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">cite</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, including any em-dashes. A space follows the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">cite</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, before the backlink.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="id6"> <section id="id6">

330
www/manual/1.0.0/8-typography.php
View file

@ -6,81 +6,81 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<section id="8"><aside class="number">8</aside> <section id="8"><aside class="number">8</aside>
<h1>Typography</h1> <h1>Typography</h1>
<section id="8.1"><aside class="number">8.1</aside> <section id="8.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.1">8.1</a></aside>
<h2>Section titles and ordinals</h2> <h2>Section titles and ordinals</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.1.1"><aside class="number">8.1.1</aside><p>Section ordinals in the body text are set in Roman numerals.</p></li> <li id="8.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.1.1">8.1.1</a></aside><p>Section ordinals in the body text are set in Roman numerals.</p></li>
<li id="8.1.2"><aside class="number">8.1.2</aside><p>Section ordinals in a file’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element are set in Arabic numerals. <li id="8.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.1.2">8.1.2</a></aside><p>Section ordinals in a file’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element are set in Arabic numerals.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter VII<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter VII<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 7<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter 7<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.1.3"><aside class="number">8.1.3</aside><p>Section titles are titlecased according to the output of <code class="bash"><b>se</b> titlecase</code>. Section titles are <em>not</em> all-caps or small-caps.</p></li> <li id="8.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.1.3">8.1.3</a></aside><p>Section titles are titlecased according to the output of <code class="bash"><b>se</b> titlecase</code>. Section titles are <em>not</em> all-caps or small-caps.</p></li>
<li id="8.1.4"><aside class="number">8.1.4</aside><p>Section titles do not have trailing periods.</p></li> <li id="8.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.1.4">8.1.4</a></aside><p>Section titles do not have trailing periods.</p></li>
<li id="8.1.5"><aside class="number">8.1.5</aside><p>Chapter titles omit the word <code class="string">Chapter</code>, unless the word used is a stylistic choice for prose style purposes. Chapters with unique identifiers (i.e. not <code class="string">Chapter</code>, but something unique to the style of the book, like <code class="string">Book</code> or <code class="string">Stave</code>) <em>do</em> include that unique identifier in the title. <li id="8.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.1.5">8.1.5</a></aside><p>Chapter titles omit the word <code class="string">Chapter</code>, unless the word used is a stylistic choice for prose style purposes. Chapters with unique identifiers (i.e. not <code class="string">Chapter</code>, but something unique to the style of the book, like <code class="string">Book</code> or <code class="string">Stave</code>) <em>do</em> include that unique identifier in the title.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Chapter <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Stave <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>III<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Stave <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>III<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<p>In special cases it may be desirable to retain <code class="string">Chapter</code> for clarity. For example, <a href="/ebooks/mary-shelley/frankenstein/">Frankenstein</a> has “Chapter” in titles to differentiate between the “Letter” sections.</p> <p>In special cases it may be desirable to retain <code class="string">Chapter</code> for clarity. For example, <i><a href="/ebooks/mary-shelley/frankenstein/">Frankenstein</a></i> has “Chapter” in titles to differentiate between the “Letter” sections.</p>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.2"><aside class="number">8.2</aside> <section id="8.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2">8.2</a></aside>
<h2>Italics</h2> <h2>Italics</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.1"><aside class="number">8.2.1</aside><p>Using both italics <em>and</em> quotes (outside of the context of quoted dialog) is usually not necessary. Either one or the other is used, with rare exceptions.</p></li> <li id="8.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.1">8.2.1</a></aside><p>Using both italics <em>and</em> quotes (outside of the context of quoted dialog) is usually not necessary. Either one or the other is used, with rare exceptions.</p></li>
<li id="8.2.2"><aside class="number">8.2.2</aside><p>Words and phrases that require emphasis are italicized with the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.2">8.2.2</a></aside><p>Words and phrases that require emphasis are italicized with the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Perhaps <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>he<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> was there,” Raoul said, at last.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Perhaps <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>he<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> was there,” Raoul said, at last.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.3"><aside class="number">8.2.3</aside><p>Strong emphasis, like shouting, may be set in small caps with the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.3">8.2.3</a></aside><p>Strong emphasis, like shouting, may be set in small caps with the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Can’t<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> I?” screamed the unhappy creature to himself.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Can’t<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> I?” screamed the unhappy creature to himself.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.4"><aside class="number">8.2.4</aside><p>When a short phrase within a longer clause is italicized, trailing punctuation that may belong to the containing clause is not italicized. <li id="8.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.4">8.2.4</a></aside><p>When a short phrase within a longer clause is italicized, trailing punctuation that may belong to the containing clause is not italicized.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Look at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>that!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Look at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>that!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Look at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>that<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>!” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Look at <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>that<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>!” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.5"><aside class="number">8.2.5</aside><p>When an entire clause is italicized, trailing punctuation <em>is</em> italicized, <em>unless</em> that trailing punctuation is a comma at the end of dialog. <li id="8.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.5">8.2.5</a></aside><p>When an entire clause is italicized, trailing punctuation <em>is</em> italicized, <em>unless</em> that trailing punctuation is a comma at the end of dialog.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Charge!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Charge!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>But I want to<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>,” she said.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>But I want to<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>,” she said.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.6"><aside class="number">8.2.6</aside><p>Words written to be read as sounds are italicized with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. <li id="8.2.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.6">8.2.6</a></aside><p>Words written to be read as sounds are italicized with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He could hear the dog barking: <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Ruff, ruff, ruff!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He could hear the dog barking: <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Ruff, ruff, ruff!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="8.2.7"><aside class="number">8.2.7</aside> <section id="8.2.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.7">8.2.7</a></aside>
<h3>Italicizing individual letters</h3> <h3>Italicizing individual letters</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.7.1"><aside class="number">8.2.7.1</aside><p>Individual letters that are read as referring to letters in the alphabet are italicized with the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="8.2.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.7.1">8.2.7.1</a></aside><p>Individual letters that are read as referring to letters in the alphabet are italicized with the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<blockquote> <blockquote>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He often rolled his <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>r<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>’s.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He often rolled his <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>r<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>’s.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</blockquote> </blockquote>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.7.2"><aside class="number">8.2.7.2</aside><p>Individual letters that are read as referring names or the shape of the letterform are <em>not</em> italicized. <li id="8.2.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.7.2">8.2.7.2</a></aside><p>Individual letters that are read as referring names or the shape of the letterform are <em>not</em> italicized.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...due to the loss of what is known in New England as the “L”: that long deep roofed adjunct usually built at right angles to the main house...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>...due to the loss of what is known in New England as the “L”: that long deep roofed adjunct usually built at right angles to the main house...<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She was learning her A B Cs.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She was learning her A B Cs.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His trident had the shape of an E.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His trident had the shape of an E.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.7.3"><aside class="number">8.2.7.3</aside><p>The ordinal <code class="string">nth</code> is set with an italicized <code class="string">n</code>, and without a hyphen. <li id="8.2.7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.7.3">8.2.7.3</a></aside><p>The ordinal <code class="string">nth</code> is set with an italicized <code class="string">n</code>, and without a hyphen.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>n<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>th degree.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>n<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>th degree.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.2.8"><aside class="number">8.2.8</aside> <section id="8.2.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8">8.2.8</a></aside>
<h3>Italicizing non-English words and phrases</h3> <h3>Italicizing non-English words and phrases</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.8.1"><aside class="number">8.2.8.1</aside><p>Non-English words and phrases that are not in <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com">Merriam-Webster</a> are italicized. <li id="8.2.8.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.1">8.2.8.1</a></aside><p>Non-English words and phrases that are not in <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com">Merriam-Webster</a> are italicized.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>corps de ballet<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> was flung into consternation.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>corps de ballet<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> was flung into consternation.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.8.2"><aside class="number">8.2.8.2</aside><p>Non-English words that are proper names, or are in proper names, are not italicized, unless the name itself would be italicized according to the rules for italicizing or quoting names and titles. Such words are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"LANGUAGE"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, to assist screen readers with pronunciation. <li id="8.2.8.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.2">8.2.8.2</a></aside><p>Non-English words that are proper names, or are in proper names, are not italicized, unless the name itself would be italicized according to the rules for italicizing or quoting names and titles. Such words are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"LANGUAGE"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, to assist screen readers with pronunciation.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She got off the metro at the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Place de Clichy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> stop, next to the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Le Bon Petit Déjeuner restaurant<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She got off the metro at the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Place de Clichy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> stop, next to the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Le Bon Petit Déjeuner restaurant<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Où est le métro?<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” he asked, and she pointed to <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Place de Clichy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, next to the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Le Bon Petit Déjeuner<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> restaurant.</code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Où est le métro?<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” he asked, and she pointed to <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Place de Clichy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, next to the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fr"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Le Bon Petit Déjeuner<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> restaurant.</code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.8.3"><aside class="number">8.2.8.3</aside><p>If certain non-English words are used so frequently in the text that italicizing them at each instance would be distracting to the reader, then only the first instance is italicized. Subsequent instances are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"LANGUAGE"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="8.2.8.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.3">8.2.8.3</a></aside><p>If certain non-English words are used so frequently in the text that italicizing them at each instance would be distracting to the reader, then only the first instance is italicized. Subsequent instances are wrapped in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"LANGUAGE"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
<li id="8.2.8.4"><aside class="number">8.2.8.4</aside><p>Words and phrases that are originally non-English in origin, but that can now be found in <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com">Merriam-Webster</a>, are not italicized. <li id="8.2.8.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.4">8.2.8.4</a></aside><p>Words and phrases that are originally non-English in origin, but that can now be found in <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com">Merriam-Webster</a>, are not italicized.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sir Percy’s bon mot had gone the round of the brilliant reception-rooms.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sir Percy’s bon mot had gone the round of the brilliant reception-rooms.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.8.5"><aside class="number">8.2.8.5</aside><p>Inline-level italics are set using the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with an <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute corresponding to the correct <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag">IETF language tag</a>.</p></li> <li id="8.2.8.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.5">8.2.8.5</a></aside><p>Inline-level italics are set using the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element with an <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute corresponding to the correct <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag">IETF language tag</a>.</p></li>
<li id="8.2.8.6"><aside class="number">8.2.8.6</aside><p>Block-level italics are set using an <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute on the closest encompassing block element, with the style of <code class="css"><span class="nt">font-style</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nt">italic</span></code>. <li id="8.2.8.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.6">8.2.8.6</a></aside><p>Block-level italics are set using an <code class="html"><span class="na">xml:lang</span></code> attribute on the closest encompassing block element, with the style of <code class="css"><span class="nt">font-style</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nt">italic</span></code>.
</p><p>In this example, note the additional namespace declaration, and that we target <em>descendants</em> of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element; otherwise, the entire <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element would receive italics!</p> </p><p>In this example, note the additional namespace declaration, and that we target <em>descendants</em> of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element; otherwise, the entire <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element would receive italics!</p>
<figure><code class="css full"><span class="p">@</span><span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nt">xml</span> <span class="s2">"http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"</span><span class="p">;</span> <figure><code class="css full"><span class="p">@</span><span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nt">xml</span> <span class="s2">"http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"</span><span class="p">;</span>
@ -97,37 +97,37 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.8.7"><aside class="number">8.2.8.7</aside><p>Words that are in a non-English “alien” language (i.e. one that is made up, like in a science fiction or fantasy work) are italicized and given an IETF languate tag in a custom namespace. Custom namespaces begin consist of <code class="bash"><span class="s">x-TAG</span></code>, where <code class="bash"><span class="s">TAG</span></code> is a custom descriptor of 8 characters or less.</p></li> <li id="8.2.8.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.8.7">8.2.8.7</a></aside><p>Words that are in a non-English “alien” language (i.e. one that is made up, like in a science fiction or fantasy work) are italicized and given an IETF languate tag in a custom namespace. Custom namespaces begin consist of <code class="bash"><span class="s">x-TAG</span></code>, where <code class="bash"><span class="s">TAG</span></code> is a custom descriptor of 8 characters or less.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x-arcturan"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Dolm<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>,” said Haunte.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x-arcturan"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Dolm<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>,” said Haunte.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.2.9"><aside class="number">8.2.9</aside> <section id="8.2.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.9">8.2.9</a></aside>
<h3>Italicizing or quoting newly-used English words</h3> <h3>Italicizing or quoting newly-used English words</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.9.1"><aside class="number">8.2.9.1</aside><p>When introducing new terms, non-English or technical terms are italicized, but terms composed of common English are set in quotation marks. <li id="8.2.9.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.9.1">8.2.9.1</a></aside><p>When introducing new terms, non-English or technical terms are italicized, but terms composed of common English are set in quotation marks.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>English whalers have given this the name “ice blink.”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>English whalers have given this the name “ice blink.”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The soil consisted of that igneous gravel called <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>tuff<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The soil consisted of that igneous gravel called <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>tuff<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.9.2"><aside class="number">8.2.9.2</aside><p>English neologisms in works where a special vocabulary is a regular part of the narrative are not italicized. For example science fiction works may necessarily contain made-up English technology words, and those are not italicized.</p></li> <li id="8.2.9.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.9.2">8.2.9.2</a></aside><p>English neologisms in works where a special vocabulary is a regular part of the narrative are not italicized. For example science fiction works may necessarily contain made-up English technology words, and those are not italicized.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.2.10"><aside class="number">8.2.10</aside> <section id="8.2.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.10">8.2.10</a></aside>
<h3>Italics in names and titles</h3> <h3>Italics in names and titles</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.10.1"><aside class="number">8.2.10.1</aside><p>Place names, like pubs, bars, or buildings, are not quoted.</p></li> <li id="8.2.10.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.10.1">8.2.10.1</a></aside><p>Place names, like pubs, bars, or buildings, are not quoted.</p></li>
<li id="8.2.10.2"><aside class="number">8.2.10.2</aside><p>The names of publications, music, and art that can stand alone are italicized; additionally, the names of transport vessels are italicized. These include, but are not limited to: <li id="8.2.10.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.10.2">8.2.10.2</a></aside><p>The names of publications, music, and art that can stand alone are italicized; additionally, the names of transport vessels are italicized. These include, but are not limited to:
</p><ul> </p><ul>
<li><p>Periodicals like magazines, newspapers, and journals.</p></li> <li><p>Periodicals like magazines, newspapers, and journals.</p></li>
<li><p>Publications like books, novels, plays, and pamphlets, <em>except</em> “holy texts,” like the Bible or books within the Bible.</p></li> <li><p>Publications like books, novels, plays, and pamphlets, <em>except</em> “holy texts,” like the Bible or books within the Bible.</p></li>
<li><p>Long poems and ballads, like the <a href="/ebooks/homer/the-iliad/william-cullen-bryant">Iliad</a>, that are book-length.</p></li> <li><p>Long poems and ballads, like the <i><a href="/ebooks/homer/the-iliad/william-cullen-bryant">Iliad</a></i>, that are book-length.</p></li>
<li><p>Long musical compositions or audio, like operas, music albums, or radio shows.</p></li> <li><p>Long musical compositions or audio, like operas, music albums, or radio shows.</p></li>
<li><p>Long visual art, like films or a TV show series.</p></li> <li><p>Long visual art, like films or a TV show series.</p></li>
<li><p>Visual art, like paintings or sculptures.</p></li> <li><p>Visual art, like paintings or sculptures.</p></li>
<li><p>Transport vessels, like ships.</p></li> <li><p>Transport vessels, like ships.</p></li>
</ul> </ul>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.10.3"><aside class="number">8.2.10.3</aside><p>The names of short publications, music, or art, that cannot stand alone and are typically part of a larger collection or work, are quoted. These include, but are not limited to: <li id="8.2.10.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.10.3">8.2.10.3</a></aside><p>The names of short publications, music, or art, that cannot stand alone and are typically part of a larger collection or work, are quoted. These include, but are not limited to:
</p><ul> </p><ul>
<li><p>Short musical compositions or audio, like pop songs, arias, or an episode in a radio series.</p></li> <li><p>Short musical compositions or audio, like pop songs, arias, or an episode in a radio series.</p></li>
<li><p>Short prose like novellas, shot stories, or short (i.e. not epic) poems.</p></li> <li><p>Short prose like novellas, shot stories, or short (i.e. not epic) poems.</p></li>
@ -143,49 +143,49 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He read <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Candide<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> while having a pint at the King’s Head.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He read <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Candide<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> while having a pint at the King’s Head.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.2.11"><aside class="number">8.2.11</aside> <section id="8.2.11"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.11">8.2.11</a></aside>
<h3>Taxonomy</h3> <h3>Taxonomy</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.2.11.1"><aside class="number">8.2.11.1</aside><p>Binomial names (generic, specific, and subspecific) are italicized with a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element having the <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:taxonomy</span></code> semantic inflection. <li id="8.2.11.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.11.1">8.2.11.1</a></aside><p>Binomial names (generic, specific, and subspecific) are italicized with a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element having the <code class="bash"><span class="s">z3998:taxonomy</span></code> semantic inflection.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A bonobo monkey is <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:taxonomy"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Pan paniscus<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A bonobo monkey is <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:taxonomy"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Pan paniscus<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.11.2"><aside class="number">8.2.11.2</aside><p>Family, order, class, phylum or division, and kingdom names are capitalized but not italicized. <li id="8.2.11.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.11.2">8.2.11.2</a></aside><p>Family, order, class, phylum or division, and kingdom names are capitalized but not italicized.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A bonobo monkey is in the phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Primates.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A bonobo monkey is in the phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Primates.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.2.11.3"><aside class="number">8.2.11.3</aside><p>If a taxonomic name is the same as the common name, it is not italicized.</p></li> <li id="8.2.11.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.11.3">8.2.11.3</a></aside><p>If a taxonomic name is the same as the common name, it is not italicized.</p></li>
<li id="8.2.11.4"><aside class="number">8.2.11.4</aside><p>The second part of the binomial name follows the capitalization style of the source text. Modern usage requires lowercase, but older texts may set it in uppercase.</p></li> <li id="8.2.11.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.2.11.4">8.2.11.4</a></aside><p>The second part of the binomial name follows the capitalization style of the source text. Modern usage requires lowercase, but older texts may set it in uppercase.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.3"><aside class="number">8.3</aside> <section id="8.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.3">8.3</a></aside>
<h2>Capitalization</h2> <h2>Capitalization</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.3.1"><aside class="number">8.3.1</aside><p>In general, capitalization follows modern English style. Some very old works frequently capitalize nouns that today are no longer capitalized. These archaic capitalizations are removed, unless doing so would change the meaning of the work.</p></li> <li id="8.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.3.1">8.3.1</a></aside><p>In general, capitalization follows modern English style. Some very old works frequently capitalize nouns that today are no longer capitalized. These archaic capitalizations are removed, unless doing so would change the meaning of the work.</p></li>
<li id="8.3.2"><aside class="number">8.3.2</aside><p>Titlecasing, or the capitalization of titles, follows the formula used in the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> titlecase</code> tool.</p></li> <li id="8.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.3.2">8.3.2</a></aside><p>Titlecasing, or the capitalization of titles, follows the formula used in the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> titlecase</code> tool.</p></li>
<li id="8.3.3"><aside class="number">8.3.3</aside><p>Text in all caps is almost never correct typography. Instead, such text is changed to the correct case and surround with a semantically-meaningful element like <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> (for emphasis), <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> (for strong emphasis, like shouting) or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> (for unsemantic formatting required by the text). <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> are styled in small-caps by default in Standard Ebooks. <li id="8.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.3.3">8.3.3</a></aside><p>Text in all caps is almost never correct typography. Instead, such text is changed to the correct case and surround with a semantically-meaningful element like <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> (for emphasis), <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> (for strong emphasis, like shouting) or <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> (for unsemantic formatting required by the text). <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> are styled in small-caps by default in Standard Ebooks.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The sign read BOB’S RESTAURANT.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The sign read BOB’S RESTAURANT.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“CHARGE!” he cried.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“CHARGE!” he cried.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The sign read <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bob’s Restaurant<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The sign read <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bob’s Restaurant<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">b</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Charge!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” he cried.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Charge!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>” he cried.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.3.4"><aside class="number">8.3.4</aside><p>When something is addressed as an <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/apostrophe#dictionary-entry-2">apostrophe</a>, <code class="string">O</code> is capitalized. <li id="8.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.3.4">8.3.4</a></aside><p>When something is addressed as an <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/apostrophe#dictionary-entry-2">apostrophe</a>, <code class="string">O</code> is capitalized.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I carried the bodies into the sea, O walker in the sea!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I carried the bodies into the sea, O walker in the sea!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.4"><aside class="number">8.4</aside> <section id="8.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.4">8.4</a></aside>
<h2>Indentation</h2> <h2>Indentation</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.4.1"><aside class="number">8.4.1</aside><p>Paragraphs that directly follow another paragraph are indented by 1em.</p></li> <li id="8.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.4.1">8.4.1</a></aside><p>Paragraphs that directly follow another paragraph are indented by 1em.</p></li>
<li id="8.4.2"><aside class="number">8.4.2</aside><p>The first line of body text in a section, or any text following a visible break in text flow (like a header, a scene break, a figure, a block quotation, etc.), is not indented. <li id="8.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.4.2">8.4.2</a></aside><p>The first line of body text in a section, or any text following a visible break in text flow (like a header, a scene break, a figure, a block quotation, etc.), is not indented.
</p><p>For example: in a block quotation, there is a margin before the quotation and after the quotation. Thus, the first line of the quotation is not indented, and the first line of body text after the block quotation is also not indented.</p> </p><p>For example: in a block quotation, there is a margin before the quotation and after the quotation. Thus, the first line of the quotation is not indented, and the first line of body text after the block quotation is also not indented.</p>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.5"><aside class="number">8.5</aside> <section id="8.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.5">8.5</a></aside>
<h2>Chapter headers</h2> <h2>Chapter headers</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.5.1"><aside class="number">8.5.1</aside><p>Epigraphs in chapters have the quote source set in small caps, without a leading em-dash and without a trailing period. <li id="8.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.5.1">8.5.1</a></aside><p>Epigraphs in chapters have the quote source set in small caps, without a leading em-dash and without a trailing period.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h2</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>II<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"epigraph"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.6"><aside class="number">8.6</aside> <section id="8.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.6">8.6</a></aside>
<h2>Ligatures</h2> <h2>Ligatures</h2>
<p>Ligatures are two or more letters that are combined into a single letter, usually for stylistic purposes. In general they are not used, and are replaced with their respective characters.</p> <p>Ligatures are two or more letters that are combined into a single letter, usually for stylistic purposes. In general they are not used, and are replaced with their respective characters.</p>
<blockquote> <blockquote>
@ -216,178 +216,178 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Archaeology<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Archaeology<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</blockquote> </blockquote>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.7"><aside class="number">8.7</aside> <section id="8.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7">8.7</a></aside>
<h2>Punctuation and spacing</h2> <h2>Punctuation and spacing</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.7.1"><aside class="number">8.7.1</aside><p>Sentences are single-spaced.</p></li> <li id="8.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.1">8.7.1</a></aside><p>Sentences are single-spaced.</p></li>
<li id="8.7.2"><aside class="number">8.7.2</aside><p>Periods and commas are placed within quotation marks; i.e. American-style punctuation is used, not logical (AKA “British” or “new”) style. <li id="8.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.2">8.7.2</a></aside><p>Periods and commas are placed within quotation marks; i.e. American-style punctuation is used, not logical (AKA “British” or “new”) style.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bosinney ventured: “It’s the first spring day”.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bosinney ventured: “It’s the first spring day”.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bosinney ventured: “It’s the first spring day.”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Bosinney ventured: “It’s the first spring day.”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.3"><aside class="number">8.7.3</aside><p>Ampersands in names of things, like firms, are surrounded by no-break spaces (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0). <li id="8.7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.3">8.7.3</a></aside><p>Ampersands in names of things, like firms, are surrounded by no-break spaces (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0).
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The firm of Hawkins<span class="ws">nbsp</span><span class="ni">&amp;amp;</span><span class="ws">nbsp</span>Harker.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The firm of Hawkins<span class="ws">nbsp</span><span class="ni">&amp;amp;</span><span class="ws">nbsp</span>Harker.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.4"><aside class="number">8.7.4</aside><p>Some older works include spaces in common contractions; these spaces are removed. <li id="8.7.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.4">8.7.4</a></aside><p>Some older works include spaces in common contractions; these spaces are removed.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Would n’t it be nice to go out? It ’s such a nice day.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Would n’t it be nice to go out? It ’s such a nice day.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Wouldn’t it be nice to go out? It’s such a nice day.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Wouldn’t it be nice to go out? It’s such a nice day.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="8.7.5"><aside class="number">8.7.5</aside> <section id="8.7.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.5">8.7.5</a></aside>
<h3>Quotation marks</h3> <h3>Quotation marks</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.7.5.1"><aside class="number">8.7.5.1</aside><p>“Curly” or typographer’s quotes, both single and double, are always used instead of straight quotes. This is known as “American-style” quotation, which is different from British-style quotation which is also commonly found in both older and modern books. <li id="8.7.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.5.1">8.7.5.1</a></aside><p>“Curly” or typographer’s quotes, both single and double, are always used instead of straight quotes. This is known as “American-style” quotation, which is different from British-style quotation which is also commonly found in both older and modern books.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Don’t do it!” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“Don’t do it!” she shouted.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.5.2"><aside class="number">8.7.5.2</aside><p>Quotation marks that are directly side-by-side are separated by a hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) character. <li id="8.7.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.5.2">8.7.5.2</a></aside><p>Quotation marks that are directly side-by-side are separated by a hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) character.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="ws">hairsp</span>‘Green?’ Is that what you said?” asked Dave.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“<span class="ws">hairsp</span>‘Green?’ Is that what you said?” asked Dave.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.5.3"><aside class="number">8.7.5.3</aside><p>Words with missing letters represent the missing letters with a right single quotation mark (<code class="utf">’</code> or U+2019) character to indicate elision. <li id="8.7.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.5.3">8.7.5.3</a></aside><p>Words with missing letters represent the missing letters with a right single quotation mark (<code class="utf">’</code> or U+2019) character to indicate elision.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He had pork ’n’ beans for dinner<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He had pork ’n’ beans for dinner<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.7.6"><aside class="number">8.7.6</aside> <section id="8.7.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.6">8.7.6</a></aside>
<h3>Ellipses</h3> <h3>Ellipses</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.7.6.1"><aside class="number">8.7.6.1</aside><p>The ellipses glyph (<code class="utf">…</code> or U+2026) is used for ellipses, instead of consecutive or spaced periods.</p></li> <li id="8.7.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.6.1">8.7.6.1</a></aside><p>The ellipses glyph (<code class="utf">…</code> or U+2026) is used for ellipses, instead of consecutive or spaced periods.</p></li>
<li id="8.7.6.2"><aside class="number">8.7.6.2</aside><p>When ellipses are used as suspension points (for example, to indicate dialog that pauses or trails off), the ellipses are not preceded by a comma. <li id="8.7.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.6.2">8.7.6.2</a></aside><p>When ellipses are used as suspension points (for example, to indicate dialog that pauses or trails off), the ellipses are not preceded by a comma.
</p><p>Ellipses used to indicate missing words in a quotation require keeping surrounding punctuation, including commas, as that punctuation is in the original quotation.</p> </p><p>Ellipses used to indicate missing words in a quotation require keeping surrounding punctuation, including commas, as that punctuation is in the original quotation.</p>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.6.3"><aside class="number">8.7.6.3</aside><p>A hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) glyph is located <em>before</em> all ellipses that are not directly preceded by punctuation, or that are directly preceded by an em-dash or a two- or three-em-dash.</p></li> <li id="8.7.6.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.6.3">8.7.6.3</a></aside><p>A hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) glyph is located <em>before</em> all ellipses that are not directly preceded by punctuation, or that are directly preceded by an em-dash or a two- or three-em-dash.</p></li>
<li id="8.7.6.4"><aside class="number">8.7.6.4</aside><p>A regular space is located <em>after</em> all ellipses that are not followed by punctuation.</p></li> <li id="8.7.6.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.6.4">8.7.6.4</a></aside><p>A regular space is located <em>after</em> all ellipses that are not followed by punctuation.</p></li>
<li id="8.7.6.5"><aside class="number">8.7.6.5</aside><p>A hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) glyph is located between an ellipses and any punctuation that follows directly after the ellipses, <em>unless</em> that punctuation is a quotation mark, in which case there is no space at all between the ellipses and the quotation mark. <li id="8.7.6.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.6.5">8.7.6.5</a></aside><p>A hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) glyph is located between an ellipses and any punctuation that follows directly after the ellipses, <em>unless</em> that punctuation is a quotation mark, in which case there is no space at all between the ellipses and the quotation mark.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“I’m so hungry<span class="ws">hairsp</span>… What were you saying about eating<span class="ws">hairsp</span>…?”</code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“I’m so hungry<span class="ws">hairsp</span>… What were you saying about eating<span class="ws">hairsp</span>…?”</code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.7.7"><aside class="number">8.7.7</aside> <section id="8.7.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7">8.7.7</a></aside>
<h3>Dashes</h3> <h3>Dashes</h3>
<p>There are many kinds of dashes, and the run-of-the-mill hyphen is often not the correct dash to use. In particular, hyphens are not used for things like date ranges, phone numbers, or negative numbers.</p> <p>There are many kinds of dashes, and the run-of-the-mill hyphen is often not the correct dash to use. In particular, hyphens are not used for things like date ranges, phone numbers, or negative numbers.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.7.7.1"><aside class="number">8.7.7.1</aside><p>Dashes of all types do not have white space around them.</p></li> <li id="8.7.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.1">8.7.7.1</a></aside><p>Dashes of all types do not have white space around them.</p></li>
<li id="8.7.7.2"><aside class="number">8.7.7.2</aside><p>Figure dashes (<code class="utf">‒</code> or U+2012) are used to indicate a dash in numbers that aren’t a range, like phone numbers. <li id="8.7.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.2">8.7.7.2</a></aside><p>Figure dashes (<code class="utf">‒</code> or U+2012) are used to indicate a dash in numbers that aren’t a range, like phone numbers.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His number is 555‒1234.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His number is 555‒1234.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.7.3"><aside class="number">8.7.7.3</aside><p>Hyphens (<code class="utf">-</code> or U+002D) are used to join words, including double-barrel names, or to separate syllables in a word. <li id="8.7.7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.3">8.7.7.3</a></aside><p>Hyphens (<code class="utf">-</code> or U+002D) are used to join words, including double-barrel names, or to separate syllables in a word.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Pre- and post-natal.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Pre- and post-natal.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Smoot-Hawley act.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Smoot-Hawley act.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.7.4"><aside class="number">8.7.7.4</aside><p>Minus sign glyphs (<code class="utf">−</code> or U+2212) are used to indicate negative numbers, and are used in mathematical equations instead of hyphens to represent the “subtraction” operator. <li id="8.7.7.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.4">8.7.7.4</a></aside><p>Minus sign glyphs (<code class="utf">−</code> or U+2212) are used to indicate negative numbers, and are used in mathematical equations instead of hyphens to represent the “subtraction” operator.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was −5° out yesterday!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was −5° out yesterday!<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>5 − 2 = 3<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>5 − 2 = 3<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.7.5"><aside class="number">8.7.7.5</aside><p>En-dashes (<code class="utf">–</code> or U+2013) are used to indicate a numerical or date range; to indicate a relationships where two concepts are connected by the word “to,” for example a distance between locations or a range between numbers; or to indicate a connection in location between two places. <li id="8.7.7.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.5">8.7.7.5</a></aside><p>En-dashes (<code class="utf">–</code> or U+2013) are used to indicate a numerical or date range; to indicate a relationships where two concepts are connected by the word “to,” for example a distance between locations or a range between numbers; or to indicate a connection in location between two places.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>We talked 2–3 days ago.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>We talked 2–3 days ago.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>We took the Berlin–Munich train yesterday.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>We took the Berlin–Munich train yesterday.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I saw the torpedo-boat in the Ems⁠–⁠Jade Canal.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I saw the torpedo-boat in the Ems⁠–⁠Jade Canal.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="8.7.7.6"><aside class="number">8.7.7.6</aside> <section id="8.7.7.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.6">8.7.7.6</a></aside>
<h4>Em-dashes</h4> <h4>Em-dashes</h4>
<p>Em-dashes (<code class="utf">—</code> or U+2014) are typically used to offset parenthetical phrases.</p> <p>Em-dashes (<code class="utf">—</code> or U+2014) are typically used to offset parenthetical phrases.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.7.7.6.1"><aside class="number">8.7.7.6.1</aside><p>Em-dashes are preceded by the invisible word joiner glyph (U+2060).</p></li> <li id="8.7.7.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.6.1">8.7.7.6.1</a></aside><p>Em-dashes are preceded by the invisible word joiner glyph (U+2060).</p></li>
<li id="8.7.7.6.2"><aside class="number">8.7.7.6.2</aside><p>Interruption in dialog is set by a single em-dash, not two em-dashes or a two-em-dash. <li id="8.7.7.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.6.2">8.7.7.6.2</a></aside><p>Interruption in dialog is set by a single em-dash, not two em-dashes or a two-em-dash.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“I wouldn’t go as far as that, not myself, but<span class="ws">wj</span>——”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“I wouldn’t go as far as that, not myself, but<span class="ws">wj</span>——”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“I wouldn’t go as far as that, not myself, but<span class="ws">wj</span>—”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>“I wouldn’t go as far as that, not myself, but<span class="ws">wj</span>—”<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.7.7.7"><aside class="number">8.7.7.7</aside> <section id="8.7.7.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.7">8.7.7.7</a></aside>
<h4>Partially-obscured words</h4> <h4>Partially-obscured words</h4>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.7.7.7.1"><aside class="number">8.7.7.7.1</aside><p>Em-dashes are used for partially-obscured years. <li id="8.7.7.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.7.1">8.7.7.7.1</a></aside><p>Em-dashes are used for partially-obscured years.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was the year 19<span class="ws">wj</span>— in the town of Metropolis.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was the year 19<span class="ws">wj</span>— in the town of Metropolis.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.7.7.2"><aside class="number">8.7.7.7.2</aside><p>A regular hyphen is used in partially obscured years where only the last number is obscured. <li id="8.7.7.7.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.7.2">8.7.7.7.2</a></aside><p>A regular hyphen is used in partially obscured years where only the last number is obscured.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was the year 192- in the town of Metropolis.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was the year 192- in the town of Metropolis.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.7.7.3"><aside class="number">8.7.7.7.3</aside><p>A two-em-dash (<code class="utf">⸺</code> or U+2E3A) preceded by a word joiner glyph (U+2060) is used in <em>partially</em> obscured word. <li id="8.7.7.7.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.7.3">8.7.7.7.3</a></aside><p>A two-em-dash (<code class="utf">⸺</code> or U+2E3A) preceded by a word joiner glyph (U+2060) is used in <em>partially</em> obscured word.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sally J<span class="ws">wj</span>⸺ walked through town.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Sally J<span class="ws">wj</span>⸺ walked through town.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.7.7.7.4"><aside class="number">8.7.7.7.4</aside><p>A three-em-dash (<code class="utf">⸻</code> or U+2E3B) is used for <em>completely</em> obscured words. <li id="8.7.7.7.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.7.7.7.4">8.7.7.7.4</a></aside><p>A three-em-dash (<code class="utf">⸻</code> or U+2E3B) is used for <em>completely</em> obscured words.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was night in the town of ⸻.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>It was night in the town of ⸻.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.8"><aside class="number">8.8</aside> <section id="8.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8">8.8</a></aside>
<h2>Numbers, measurements, and math</h2> <h2>Numbers, measurements, and math</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.1"><aside class="number">8.8.1</aside><p>Coordinates are set with the prime (<code class="utf">′</code> or U+2032) or double prime (<code class="utf">″</code> or U+2033) glyphs, <em>not</em> single or double quotes. <li id="8.8.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.1">8.8.1</a></aside><p>Coordinates are set with the prime (<code class="utf">′</code> or U+2032) or double prime (<code class="utf">″</code> or U+2033) glyphs, <em>not</em> single or double quotes.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Lat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 27° 0' <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>long.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 20° 1' <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Lat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 27° 0' <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>long.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 20° 1' <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Lat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 27° 0’ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>long.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 20° 1’ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Lat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 27° 0’ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>long.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 20° 1’ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Lat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 27° 0′ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>long.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 20° 1′ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Lat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 27° 0′ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>long.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> 20° 1′ <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.2"><aside class="number">8.8.2</aside><p>Ordinals for Arabic numbers are as follows: <code class="string">st</code>, <code class="string">nd</code>, <code class="string">rd</code>, <code class="string">th</code>. <li id="8.8.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.2">8.8.2</a></aside><p>Ordinals for Arabic numbers are as follows: <code class="string">st</code>, <code class="string">nd</code>, <code class="string">rd</code>, <code class="string">th</code>.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="8.8.3"><aside class="number">8.8.3</aside> <section id="8.8.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.3">8.8.3</a></aside>
<h3>Roman numerals</h3> <h3>Roman numerals</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.3.1"><aside class="number">8.8.3.1</aside><p>Roman numerals are not followed by trailing periods, except for grammatical reasons.</p></li> <li id="8.8.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.3.1">8.8.3.1</a></aside><p>Roman numerals are not followed by trailing periods, except for grammatical reasons.</p></li>
<li id="8.8.3.2"><aside class="number">8.8.3.2</aside><p>Roman numerals are set using ASCII, not the Unicode Roman numeral glyphs.</p></li> <li id="8.8.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.3.2">8.8.3.2</a></aside><p>Roman numerals are set using ASCII, not the Unicode Roman numeral glyphs.</p></li>
<li id="8.8.3.3"><aside class="number">8.8.3.3</aside><p>Roman numerals are not followed by ordinal indicators. <li id="8.8.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.3.3">8.8.3.3</a></aside><p>Roman numerals are not followed by ordinal indicators.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Henry the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>VIII<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>th had six wives.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Henry the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>VIII<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>th had six wives.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Henry the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>VIII<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> had six wives.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Henry the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998:roman"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>VIII<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> had six wives.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.8.4"><aside class="number">8.8.4</aside> <section id="8.8.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.4">8.8.4</a></aside>
<h3>Fractions</h3> <h3>Fractions</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.4.1"><aside class="number">8.8.4.1</aside><p>Fractions are set in their appropriate Unicode glyph, if a glyph available; for example, <code class="utf">½</code>, <code class="utf">¼</code>, <code class="utf">¾</code> and U+00BC–U+00BE and U+2150–U+2189.&lt;/p&gt; <li id="8.8.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.4.1">8.8.4.1</a></aside><p>Fractions are set in their appropriate Unicode glyph, if a glyph available; for example, <code class="utf">½</code>, <code class="utf">¼</code>, <code class="utf">¾</code> and U+00BC–U+00BE and U+2150–U+2189.&lt;/p&gt;
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I need 1/4 cup of sugar.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I need 1/4 cup of sugar.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I need ¼ cup of sugar.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>I need ¼ cup of sugar.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.4.2"><aside class="number">8.8.4.2</aside><p>If a fraction doesn’t have a corresponding Unicode glyph, it is composed using the fraction slash Unicode glyph (<code class="utf">⁄</code> or U+2044) and superscript/subscript Unicode numbers. See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_subscripts_and_superscripts">this Wikipedia entry for more details</a>. <li id="8.8.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.4.2">8.8.4.2</a></aside><p>If a fraction doesn’t have a corresponding Unicode glyph, it is composed using the fraction slash Unicode glyph (<code class="utf">⁄</code> or U+2044) and superscript/subscript Unicode numbers. See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_subscripts_and_superscripts">this Wikipedia entry for more details</a>.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Roughly 6/10 of a mile.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Roughly 6/10 of a mile.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Roughly ⁶⁄₁₀ of a mile.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Roughly ⁶⁄₁₀ of a mile.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.8.5"><aside class="number">8.8.5</aside> <section id="8.8.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.5">8.8.5</a></aside>
<h3>Measurements</h3> <h3>Measurements</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.5.1"><aside class="number">8.8.5.1</aside><p>Dimension measurements are set using the Unicode multiplication glyph (<code class="utf">×</code> or U+00D7), <em>not</em> the ASCII letter <code class="utf">x</code> or <code class="utf">X</code>. <li id="8.8.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.5.1">8.8.5.1</a></aside><p>Dimension measurements are set using the Unicode multiplication glyph (<code class="utf">×</code> or U+00D7), <em>not</em> the ASCII letter <code class="utf">x</code> or <code class="utf">X</code>.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The board was 4 x 3 x 7 feet.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The board was 4 x 3 x 7 feet.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The board was 4 × 3 × 7 feet.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The board was 4 × 3 × 7 feet.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.5.2"><aside class="number">8.8.5.2</aside><p>Feet and inches in shorthand are set using the prime (<code class="utf">′</code> or U+2032) or double prime (<code class="utf">″</code> or U+2033) glyphs (<em>not</em> single or double quotes), with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) separating consecutive feet and inch measurements. <li id="8.8.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.5.2">8.8.5.2</a></aside><p>Feet and inches in shorthand are set using the prime (<code class="utf">′</code> or U+2032) or double prime (<code class="utf">″</code> or U+2033) glyphs (<em>not</em> single or double quotes), with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) separating consecutive feet and inch measurements.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was 6'<span class="ws">nbsp</span>1" in height.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was 6'<span class="ws">nbsp</span>1" in height.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was 6’<span class="ws">nbsp</span>1” in height.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was 6’<span class="ws">nbsp</span>1” in height.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was 6′<span class="ws">nbsp</span>1″ in height.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was 6′<span class="ws">nbsp</span>1″ in height.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.5.3"><aside class="number">8.8.5.3</aside><p>When forming a compound of a number and unit of measurement in which the measurement is abbreviated, the number and unit of measurement are separated with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0), <em>not</em> a dash. <li id="8.8.5.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.5.3">8.8.5.3</a></aside><p>When forming a compound of a number and unit of measurement in which the measurement is abbreviated, the number and unit of measurement are separated with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0), <em>not</em> a dash.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A 12-mm pistol.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A 12-mm pistol.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A 12<span class="ws">nbsp</span>mm pistol.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>A 12<span class="ws">nbsp</span>mm pistol.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.8.6"><aside class="number">8.8.6</aside> <section id="8.8.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6">8.8.6</a></aside>
<h3>Math</h3> <h3>Math</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.6.1"><aside class="number">8.8.6.1</aside><p>In works that are not math-oriented or that dont’t have a significant amount of mathematical equations, equations are set using regular HTML and Unicode. <li id="8.8.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.1">8.8.6.1</a></aside><p>In works that are not math-oriented or that dont’t have a significant amount of mathematical equations, equations are set using regular HTML and Unicode.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.6.1.1"><aside class="number">8.8.6.1.1</aside><p>Operators and operands in mathematical equations are separated by a space. <li id="8.8.6.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.1.1">8.8.6.1.1</a></aside><p>Operators and operands in mathematical equations are separated by a space.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6−2+2=6<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6−2+2=6<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6 − 2 + 2 = 6<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6 − 2 + 2 = 6<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.1.2"><aside class="number">8.8.6.1.2</aside><p>Operators like subtraction (<code class="utf">−</code> or U+2212), multiplication (<code class="utf">×</code> or U+00D7), and equivalence (<code class="utf">≡</code> or U+2261) are set using their corresponding Unicode glyphs, <em>not</em> a hyphen or <code class="utf">x</code>. Almost all mathematical operators have a corresponding special Unicode glyph. <li id="8.8.6.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.1.2">8.8.6.1.2</a></aside><p>Operators like subtraction (<code class="utf">−</code> or U+2212), multiplication (<code class="utf">×</code> or U+00D7), and equivalence (<code class="utf">≡</code> or U+2261) are set using their corresponding Unicode glyphs, <em>not</em> a hyphen or <code class="utf">x</code>. Almost all mathematical operators have a corresponding special Unicode glyph.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6 - 2 x 2 == 2<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6 - 2 x 2 == 2<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6 − 2 × 2 ≡ 2<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>6 − 2 × 2 ≡ 2<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2</aside><p>In works that are math-oriented or that have a significant amount of math, <em>all</em> variables, equations, and other mathematical objects are set using MathML. <li id="8.8.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2">8.8.6.2</a></aside><p>In works that are math-oriented or that have a significant amount of math, <em>all</em> variables, equations, and other mathematical objects are set using MathML.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.6.2.1"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.1</aside><p>When MathML is used in a file, the <code class="bash"><span class="s">m</span></code> namespace is declared at the top of the file and used for all subsequent MathML code, as follows: <li id="8.8.6.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.1">8.8.6.2.1</a></aside><p>When MathML is used in a file, the <code class="bash"><span class="s">m</span></code> namespace is declared at the top of the file and used for all subsequent MathML code, as follows:
</p><figure><code class="html full">xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"</code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full">xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"</code></figure>
<p>This namespace is declared and used even if there is just a single MathML equation in a file.</p> <p>This namespace is declared and used even if there is just a single MathML equation in a file.</p>
<figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">ub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-GB"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">xmlns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:epub</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"</span> <span class="na">ub:prefix</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"z3998: http://www.daisy.org/z3998/2012/vocab/structure/, se: https://standardebooks.org/vocab/1.0"</span> <span class="na">xml:lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en-GB"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.2"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.2</aside><p>When possible, Content MathML is used over Presentational MathML. (This may not always be possible depending on the complexity of the work.) <li id="8.8.6.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.2">8.8.6.2.2</a></aside><p>When possible, Content MathML is used over Presentational MathML. (This may not always be possible depending on the complexity of the work.)
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x + 1 = y"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x + 1 = y"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:apply</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:apply</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -420,10 +420,10 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.3"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.3</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has an <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute. <li id="8.8.6.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.3">8.8.6.2.3</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has an <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="8.8.6.2.3.1"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.3.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute describes the contents in the element in plain-text Unicode according to the rules in <a href="https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn28/UTN28-PlainTextMath.pdf">this specification</a>.</p></li> <li id="8.8.6.2.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.3.1">8.8.6.2.3.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute describes the contents in the element in plain-text Unicode according to the rules in <a href="https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn28/UTN28-PlainTextMath.pdf">this specification</a>.</p></li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.3.2"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.3.2</aside><p>Operators in the <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute are surrounded by a single space. <li id="8.8.6.2.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.3.2">8.8.6.2.3.2</a></aside><p>Operators in the <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute are surrounded by a single space.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x+1=y"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x+1=y"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:apply</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:apply</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.4"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.4</aside><p>When using Presentational MathML, <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mrow</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is used to group subexpressions, but only when necessary. Many elements in MathML, like <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mtd</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, <em>imply</em> <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mrow</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, and redundant elements are not desirable. See <a href="https://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/mathml.html#chapter3_presm.reqarg">this section of the MathML spec</a> for more details. <li id="8.8.6.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.4">8.8.6.2.4</a></aside><p>When using Presentational MathML, <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mrow</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is used to group subexpressions, but only when necessary. Many elements in MathML, like <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mtd</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, <em>imply</em> <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mrow</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, and redundant elements are not desirable. See <a href="https://www.w3.org/Math/draft-spec/mathml.html#chapter3_presm.reqarg">this section of the MathML spec</a> for more details.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mrow</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mrow</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.5"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.5</aside><p>If a Presentational MathML expression contains a function, the invisible Unicode function application glyph (U+2061) is used as an operator between the function name and its operand. This element looks exactly like the following, including the comment for readability: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>⁡<span class="c">&lt;!--hidden U+2061 function application--&gt;</span><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. (Note that the preceding element contains an <em>invisible</em> Unicode character! It can be revealed with the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> unicode-names</code> tool.) <li id="8.8.6.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.5">8.8.6.2.5</a></aside><p>If a Presentational MathML expression contains a function, the invisible Unicode function application glyph (U+2061) is used as an operator between the function name and its operand. This element looks exactly like the following, including the comment for readability: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>⁡<span class="c">&lt;!--hidden U+2061 function application--&gt;</span><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. (Note that the preceding element contains an <em>invisible</em> Unicode character! It can be revealed with the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> unicode-names</code> tool.)
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"f(x)"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"f(x)"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>f<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>f<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.6"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.6</aside><p>Expressions grouped by parenthesis or brackets are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:row</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, and fence characters are set using the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span> <span class="na">fence</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"true"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. Separators are set using the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span> <span class="na">separator</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"true"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mfenced</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, which used to imply both fences and separators, is deprecated in the MathML spec and thus is not used. <li id="8.8.6.2.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.6">8.8.6.2.6</a></aside><p>Expressions grouped by parenthesis or brackets are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:row</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, and fence characters are set using the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span> <span class="na">fence</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"true"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. Separators are set using the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mo</span> <span class="na">separator</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"true"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mfenced</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>, which used to imply both fences and separators, is deprecated in the MathML spec and thus is not used.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"f(x,y)"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"f(x,y)"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>f<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>f<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:mi</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">m:math</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.8.6.2.7"><aside class="number">8.8.6.2.7</aside><p>If a MathML variable includes an overline, it is set by combining the variable’s normal Unicode glyph and the Unicode overline glyph (<code class="utf">‾</code> or U+203E) in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mover</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. However in the <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute, the Unicode overline combining mark (U+0305) is used to represent the overline in Unicode. <li id="8.8.6.2.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.8.6.2.7">8.8.6.2.7</a></aside><p>If a MathML variable includes an overline, it is set by combining the variable’s normal Unicode glyph and the Unicode overline glyph (<code class="utf">‾</code> or U+203E) in a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mover</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. However in the <code class="html"><span class="na">alttext</span></code> attribute, the Unicode overline combining mark (U+0305) is used to represent the overline in Unicode.
</p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x̅"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:math</span> <span class="na">alttext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"x̅"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mover</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">m:mover</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
@ -530,17 +530,17 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.9"><aside class="number">8.9</aside> <section id="8.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.9">8.9</a></aside>
<h2>Latinisms</h2> <h2>Latinisms</h2>
<ul> <ul>
<li><p><a href="/manual/1.0.0/8-typography#8.11">See here for times</a>.</p></li> <li><p><a href="/manual/1.0.0/8-typography#8.11">See here for times</a>.</p></li>
</ul> </ul>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.9.1"><aside class="number">8.9.1</aside><p>Latinisms (except <i>sic</i>) that can be found in a modern dictionary are not italicized. Examples include e.g., i.e., ad hoc, viz., ibid., etc.. The exception is <i>sic</i>, which is always italicized.</p></li> <li id="8.9.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.9.1">8.9.1</a></aside><p>Latinisms (except <i>sic</i>) that can be found in a modern dictionary are not italicized. Examples include e.g., i.e., ad hoc, viz., ibid., etc.. The exception is <i>sic</i>, which is always italicized.</p></li>
<li id="8.9.2"><aside class="number">8.9.2</aside><p>Whole passages of Latin language and Latinisms that aren’t found in a modern dictionary are italicized.</p></li> <li id="8.9.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.9.2">8.9.2</a></aside><p>Whole passages of Latin language and Latinisms that aren’t found in a modern dictionary are italicized.</p></li>
<li id="8.9.3"><aside class="number">8.9.3</aside><p>“&amp;c;” is not used, and is replaced with “etc.”</p></li> <li id="8.9.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.9.3">8.9.3</a></aside><p>“&amp;c;” is not used, and is replaced with “etc.”</p></li>
<li id="8.9.4"><aside class="number">8.9.4</aside><p>For “Ibid.,” <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.9">see Endnotes</a>.</p></li> <li id="8.9.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.9.4">8.9.4</a></aside><p>For “Ibid.,” <a href="/manual/1.0.0/7-high-level-structural-patterns#7.9">see Endnotes</a>.</p></li>
<li id="8.9.5"><aside class="number">8.9.5</aside><p>Latinisms that are abbreviations are set in lowercase with periods between words and no spaces between them, except BC, AD, BCE, and CE, which are set without periods, in small caps, and wrapped with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"era"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>: <li id="8.9.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.9.5">8.9.5</a></aside><p>Latinisms that are abbreviations are set in lowercase with periods between words and no spaces between them, except BC, AD, BCE, and CE, which are set without periods, in small caps, and wrapped with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"era"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>:
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">era</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.10"><aside class="number">8.10</aside> <section id="8.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10">8.10</a></aside>
<h2>Initials and abbreviations</h2> <h2>Initials and abbreviations</h2>
<ul> <ul>
<li><p><a href="/manual/1.0.0/8-typography#8.13">See here for temperatures</a>.</p></li> <li><p><a href="/manual/1.0.0/8-typography#8.13">See here for temperatures</a>.</p></li>
@ -556,102 +556,102 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<li><p><a href="/manual/1.0.0/8-typography#8.9">See here for Latinisms including BC and AD</a>.</p></li> <li><p><a href="/manual/1.0.0/8-typography#8.9">See here for Latinisms including BC and AD</a>.</p></li>
</ul> </ul>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.10.1"><aside class="number">8.10.1</aside><p>“OK” is set without periods or spaces. It is not an abbreviation.</p></li> <li id="8.10.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.1">8.10.1</a></aside><p>“OK” is set without periods or spaces. It is not an abbreviation.</p></li>
<li id="8.10.2"><aside class="number">8.10.2</aside><p>When an abbreviation contains a terminal period, its <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the additional <code class="bash"><span class="s">eoc</span></code> class (End of Clause) if the terminal period is also the last period in clause. Such sentences do not have two consecutive periods. <li id="8.10.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.2">8.10.2</a></aside><p>When an abbreviation contains a terminal period, its <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element has the additional <code class="bash"><span class="s">eoc</span></code> class (End of Clause) if the terminal period is also the last period in clause. Such sentences do not have two consecutive periods.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She loved Italian food like pizza, pasta, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>etc.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She loved Italian food like pizza, pasta, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>etc.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He lists his name alphabetically as Johnson, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>R. A.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He lists his name alphabetically as Johnson, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>R. A.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His favorite hobby was <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"acronym"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>SCUBA<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>His favorite hobby was <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"acronym"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>SCUBA<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.3"><aside class="number">8.10.3</aside><p>Initialisms, postal codes, and abbreviated US states are set in all caps, without periods or spaces.</p></li> <li id="8.10.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.3">8.10.3</a></aside><p>Initialisms, postal codes, and abbreviated US states are set in all caps, without periods or spaces.</p></li>
<li id="8.10.4"><aside class="number">8.10.4</aside><p>Acronyms (terms made up of initials and pronounced as one word, like NASA, SCUBA, or NATO) are set in small caps, without periods, and are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"acronym"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.10.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.4">8.10.4</a></aside><p>Acronyms (terms made up of initials and pronounced as one word, like NASA, SCUBA, or NATO) are set in small caps, without periods, and are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"acronym"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">acronym</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">acronym</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was hired by <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"acronym"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>NASA<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> last week.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was hired by <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"acronym"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>NASA<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> last week.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.5"><aside class="number">8.10.5</aside><p>Initialisms (terms made up of initials in which each initial is pronounced separately, like ABC, HTML, or CSS) are set with without periods and are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.10.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.5">8.10.5</a></aside><p>Initialisms (terms made up of initials in which each initial is pronounced separately, like ABC, HTML, or CSS) are set with without periods and are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was hired by the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>FBI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> last week.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He was hired by the <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>FBI<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> last week.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.6"><aside class="number">8.10.6</aside><p>Initials of people’s names are each separated by periods and spaces. The group of initials is wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.10.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.6">8.10.6</a></aside><p>Initials of people’s names are each separated by periods and spaces. The group of initials is wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>H. P.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> Lovecraft described himself as an aged antiquarian.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>H. P.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> Lovecraft described himself as an aged antiquarian.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.7"><aside class="number">8.10.7</aside><p>Academic degrees, except ones that include a lowercase letter (like PhD) are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"degree"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. For example: BA, BD, BFA, BM, BS, DB, DD, DDS, DO, DVM, JD, LHD, LLB, LLD, LLM, MA, MBA, MD, MFA, MS, MSN. <li id="8.10.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.7">8.10.7</a></aside><p>Academic degrees, except ones that include a lowercase letter (like PhD) are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"degree"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. For example: BA, BD, BFA, BM, BS, DB, DD, DDS, DO, DVM, JD, LHD, LLB, LLD, LLM, MA, MBA, MD, MFA, MS, MSN.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Judith Douglas, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"degree"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>DDS<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Judith Douglas, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"degree"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>DDS<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.8"><aside class="number">8.10.8</aside><p>Abbreviated state names, as well as postal codes, are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"postal"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.10.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.8">8.10.8</a></aside><p>Abbreviated state names, as well as postal codes, are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"postal"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Washington <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"postal"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>DC<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Washington <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"postal"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>DC<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.9"><aside class="number">8.10.9</aside><p>Abbreviations that are abbreviations of a single word, and that are not acronyms or initialisms (like Mr., Mrs., or lbs.) are set with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>. <li id="8.10.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.9">8.10.9</a></aside><p>Abbreviations that are abbreviations of a single word, and that are not acronyms or initialisms (like Mr., Mrs., or lbs.) are set with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="8.10.9.1"><aside class="number">8.10.9.1</aside><p>Abbreviations ending in a lowercase letter are set without spaces between the letters, and are ended by a period.</p></li> <li id="8.10.9.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.9.1">8.10.9.1</a></aside><p>Abbreviations ending in a lowercase letter are set without spaces between the letters, and are ended by a period.</p></li>
<li id="8.10.9.2"><aside class="number">8.10.9.2</aside><p>Abbreviations without lowercase letters are set without spaces and without a trailing period.</p></li> <li id="8.10.9.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.9.2">8.10.9.2</a></aside><p>Abbreviations without lowercase letters are set without spaces and without a trailing period.</p></li>
<li id="8.10.9.3"><aside class="number">8.10.9.3</aside><p>Abbreviations that describes the next word, like Mr., Mrs., Mt., and St., are set with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) between the abbreviation and its target. <li id="8.10.9.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.9.3">8.10.9.3</a></aside><p>Abbreviations that describes the next word, like Mr., Mrs., Mt., and St., are set with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) between the abbreviation and its target.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He called on <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Mrs.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="ws">nbsp</span>Jones yesterday.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He called on <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Mrs.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="ws">nbsp</span>Jones yesterday.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.10.10"><aside class="number">8.10.10</aside><p>Compass points are separated by periods and spaces. The group of points are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.10.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.10.10">8.10.10</a></aside><p>Compass points are separated by periods and spaces. The group of points are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He traveled <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>S.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N. W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, then <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>E. S. E.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He traveled <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>S.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>N. W.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>, then <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compass eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>E. S. E.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.11"><aside class="number">8.11</aside> <section id="8.11"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11">8.11</a></aside>
<h2>Times</h2> <h2>Times</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.11.1"><aside class="number">8.11.1</aside><p>Times in a.m. and p.m. format are set in lowercase, with periods, and without spaces.</p></li> <li id="8.11.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.1">8.11.1</a></aside><p>Times in a.m. and p.m. format are set in lowercase, with periods, and without spaces.</p></li>
<li id="8.11.2"><aside class="number">8.11.2</aside><p><code class="string">a.m.</code> and <code class="string">p.m.</code> are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="8.11.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.2">8.11.2</a></aside><p><code class="string">a.m.</code> and <code class="string">p.m.</code> are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="8.11.3"><aside class="number">8.11.3</aside> <section id="8.11.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.3">8.11.3</a></aside>
<h3>Times as digits</h3> <h3>Times as digits</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.11.3.1"><aside class="number">8.11.3.1</aside><p>Digits in times are separated by a colon, not a period or comma.</p></li> <li id="8.11.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.3.1">8.11.3.1</a></aside><p>Digits in times are separated by a colon, not a period or comma.</p></li>
<li id="8.11.3.2"><aside class="number">8.11.3.2</aside><p>Times written in digits followed by <code class="string">a.m.</code> or <code class="string">p.m.</code> are set with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) between the digit and <code class="string">a.m.</code> or <code class="string">p.m.</code>. <li id="8.11.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.3.2">8.11.3.2</a></aside><p>Times written in digits followed by <code class="string">a.m.</code> or <code class="string">p.m.</code> are set with a no-break space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) between the digit and <code class="string">a.m.</code> or <code class="string">p.m.</code>.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He called at 6:40<span class="ws">nbsp</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>a.m.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He called at 6:40<span class="ws">nbsp</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>a.m.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.11.4"><aside class="number">8.11.4</aside> <section id="8.11.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.4">8.11.4</a></aside>
<h3>Times as words</h3> <h3>Times as words</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.11.4.1"><aside class="number">8.11.4.1</aside><p>Words in a spelled-out time are separated by spaces, unless they appear before a noun, where they are separated by a hyphen. <li id="8.11.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.4.1">8.11.4.1</a></aside><p>Words in a spelled-out time are separated by spaces, unless they appear before a noun, where they are separated by a hyphen.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He arrived at five thirty.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He arrived at five thirty.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>They took the twelve-thirty train.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>They took the twelve-thirty train.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.11.4.2"><aside class="number">8.11.4.2</aside><p>Times written in words followed by “a.m.” or “p.m.” are set with a regular space between the time and “a.m.” or “p.m.”. <li id="8.11.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.4.2">8.11.4.2</a></aside><p>Times written in words followed by “a.m.” or “p.m.” are set with a regular space between the time and “a.m.” or “p.m.”.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She wasn’t up till seven <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>a.m.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She wasn’t up till seven <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"time eoc"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>a.m.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.11.4.3"><aside class="number">8.11.4.3</aside><p>Military times that are spelled out (for example, in dialog) are set with dashes. Leading zeros are spelled out as “oh”. <li id="8.11.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.11.4.3">8.11.4.3</a></aside><p>Military times that are spelled out (for example, in dialog) are set with dashes. Leading zeros are spelled out as “oh”.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He arrived at oh-nine-hundred.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He arrived at oh-nine-hundred.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.12"><aside class="number">8.12</aside> <section id="8.12"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.12">8.12</a></aside>
<h2>Chemicals and compounds</h2> <h2>Chemicals and compounds</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.12.1"><aside class="number">8.12.1</aside><p>Molecular compounds are set in Roman, without spaces, and wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compound"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.12.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.12.1">8.12.1</a></aside><p>Molecular compounds are set in Roman, without spaces, and wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compound"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He put extra <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compound"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>NaCl<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> on his dinner.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He put extra <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compound"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>NaCl<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> on his dinner.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.12.2"><aside class="number">8.12.2</aside><p>Elements in a molecular compound are capitalized according to their listing in the periodic table.</p></li> <li id="8.12.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.12.2">8.12.2</a></aside><p>Elements in a molecular compound are capitalized according to their listing in the periodic table.</p></li>
<li id="8.12.3"><aside class="number">8.12.3</aside><p>Amounts of an element in a molecular compound are set in subscript with a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">sub</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.12.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.12.3">8.12.3</a></aside><p>Amounts of an element in a molecular compound are set in subscript with a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">sub</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She drank eight glasses of <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compound"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>H<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">sub</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>2<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">sub</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>O<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> a day.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>She drank eight glasses of <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"compound"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>H<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">sub</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>2<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">sub</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>O<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> a day.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.13"><aside class="number">8.13</aside> <section id="8.13"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13">8.13</a></aside>
<h2>Temperatures</h2> <h2>Temperatures</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.13.1"><aside class="number">8.13.1</aside><p>The minus sign glyph (<code class="utf">−</code> or U+2212), not the hyphen glyph, is used to indicate negative numbers.</p></li> <li id="8.13.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.1">8.13.1</a></aside><p>The minus sign glyph (<code class="utf">−</code> or U+2212), not the hyphen glyph, is used to indicate negative numbers.</p></li>
<li id="8.13.2"><aside class="number">8.13.2</aside><p>Either the degree glyph (<code class="utf">°</code> or U+00B0) or the word “degrees” is acceptable. Works that use both are normalize to use the dominant method.</p></li> <li id="8.13.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.2">8.13.2</a></aside><p>Either the degree glyph (<code class="utf">°</code> or U+00B0) or the word “degrees” is acceptable. Works that use both are normalize to use the dominant method.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="8.13.3"><aside class="number">8.13.3</aside> <section id="8.13.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.3">8.13.3</a></aside>
<h3>Abbreviated units of temperature</h3> <h3>Abbreviated units of temperature</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.13.3.1"><aside class="number">8.13.3.1</aside><p>Units of temperature measurement, like Farenheit or Celcius, may be abbreviated to “F” or “C”.</p></li> <li id="8.13.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.3.1">8.13.3.1</a></aside><p>Units of temperature measurement, like Farenheit or Celcius, may be abbreviated to “F” or “C”.</p></li>
<li id="8.13.3.2"><aside class="number">8.13.3.2</aside><p>Units of temperature measurement do not have trailing periods.</p></li> <li id="8.13.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.3.2">8.13.3.2</a></aside><p>Units of temperature measurement do not have trailing periods.</p></li>
<li id="8.13.3.3"><aside class="number">8.13.3.3</aside><p>If an <em>abbreviated</em> unit of temperature measurement is preceded by a number, the unit of measurement is first preceded by a hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A).</p></li> <li id="8.13.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.3.3">8.13.3.3</a></aside><p>If an <em>abbreviated</em> unit of temperature measurement is preceded by a number, the unit of measurement is first preceded by a hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A).</p></li>
<li id="8.13.3.4"><aside class="number">8.13.3.4</aside><p>Abbreviated units of measurement are set in small caps.</p></li> <li id="8.13.3.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.3.4">8.13.3.4</a></aside><p>Abbreviated units of measurement are set in small caps.</p></li>
<li id="8.13.3.5"><aside class="number">8.13.3.5</aside><p>Abbreviated units of measurement are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"temperature"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.13.3.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.13.3.5">8.13.3.5</a></aside><p>Abbreviated units of measurement are wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"temperature"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">temperature</span><span class="p">{</span> </p><figure><code class="css full"><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">temperature</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">font-variant</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">all-small-caps</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></figure> <span class="p">}</span></code></figure>
@ -660,40 +660,40 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.14"><aside class="number">8.14</aside> <section id="8.14"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.14">8.14</a></aside>
<h2>Scansion</h2> <h2>Scansion</h2>
<p>Scansion is the representation of the metrical stresses in lines of verse.</p> <p>Scansion is the representation of the metrical stresses in lines of verse.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.14.1"><aside class="number">8.14.1</aside><p><code class="utf">×</code> (U+00d7) indicates an unstressed sylllable and <code class="utf">/</code> (U+002f) indicates a stressed syllable. They are separated from each other with no-break spaces (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0). <li id="8.14.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.14.1">8.14.1</a></aside><p><code class="utf">×</code> (U+00d7) indicates an unstressed sylllable and <code class="utf">/</code> (U+002f) indicates a stressed syllable. They are separated from each other with no-break spaces (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0).
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Several of his types, however, constantly occur; <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>e.g.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> A and a variant (/ × | / ×) (/ × × | / ×); B and a variant (× / | × /) (× × / | × /); a variant of D (/ × | / × ×); E (/ × × | /). <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Several of his types, however, constantly occur; <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>e.g.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> A and a variant (/ × | / ×) (/ × × | / ×); B and a variant (× / | × /) (× × / | × /); a variant of D (/ × | / × ×); E (/ × × | /). <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="8.14.2"><aside class="number">8.14.2</aside><p>Lines of poetry listed on a single line (like in a quotation) are separated by a space, then a forward slash, then a space. Capitalization is preserved for each line. <li id="8.14.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.14.2">8.14.2</a></aside><p>Lines of poetry listed on a single line (like in a quotation) are separated by a space, then a forward slash, then a space. Capitalization is preserved for each line.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The famous lines “Wake! For the Sun, who scatter’d into flight / The Stars before him from the Field of Night” are from <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The famous lines “Wake! For the Sun, who scatter’d into flight / The Stars before him from the Field of Night” are from <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.publication.book"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.15"><aside class="number">8.15</aside> <section id="8.15"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.15">8.15</a></aside>
<h2>Legal cases and terms</h2> <h2>Legal cases and terms</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.15.1"><aside class="number">8.15.1</aside><p>Legal cases are set in italics.</p></li> <li id="8.15.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.15.1">8.15.1</a></aside><p>Legal cases are set in italics.</p></li>
<li id="8.15.2"><aside class="number">8.15.2</aside><p>Either “versus” or “v.” are acceptable in the name of a legal case; if using “v.”, a period follows the “v.”, and it is wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="8.15.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.15.2">8.15.2</a></aside><p>Either “versus” or “v.” are acceptable in the name of a legal case; if using “v.”, a period follows the “v.”, and it is wrapped in an <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He prosecuted <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.legal-case"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Johnson <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>v.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> Smith<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>He prosecuted <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">i</span> <span class="na">epub:type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.legal-case"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Johnson <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>v.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> Smith<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">i</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="8.16"><aside class="number">8.16</aside> <section id="8.16"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16">8.16</a></aside>
<h2>Morse code</h2> <h2>Morse code</h2>
<p>Any Morse code that appears in a book is changed to fit Standard Ebooks’ format.</p> <p>Any Morse code that appears in a book is changed to fit Standard Ebooks’ format.</p>
<section id="8.16.1"><aside class="number">8.16.1</aside> <section id="8.16.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1">8.16.1</a></aside>
<h3>American Morse Code</h3> <h3>American Morse Code</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="8.16.1.1"><aside class="number">8.16.1.1</aside><p>Middle dot glyphs (<code class="utf">·</code> or U+00B7) are used for the short mark or dot.</p></li> <li id="8.16.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.1">8.16.1.1</a></aside><p>Middle dot glyphs (<code class="utf">·</code> or U+00B7) are used for the short mark or dot.</p></li>
<li id="8.16.1.2"><aside class="number">8.16.1.2</aside><p>En dash (<code class="utf">–</code> or U+2013) are used for the longer mark or short dash.</p></li> <li id="8.16.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.2">8.16.1.2</a></aside><p>En dash (<code class="utf">–</code> or U+2013) are used for the longer mark or short dash.</p></li>
<li id="8.16.1.3"><aside class="number">8.16.1.3</aside><p>Em dashes (<code class="utf">—</code> or U+2014) are used for the long dash (the letter L).</p></li> <li id="8.16.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.3">8.16.1.3</a></aside><p>Em dashes (<code class="utf">—</code> or U+2014) are used for the long dash (the letter L).</p></li>
<li id="8.16.1.4"><aside class="number">8.16.1.4</aside><p>If two en dashes are placed next to each other, a hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) is placed between them to keep the glyphs from merging into a longer dash.</p></li> <li id="8.16.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.4">8.16.1.4</a></aside><p>If two en dashes are placed next to each other, a hair space (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+200A) is placed between them to keep the glyphs from merging into a longer dash.</p></li>
<li id="8.16.1.5"><aside class="number">8.16.1.5</aside><p>Only in American Morse Code, there are internal gaps used between glyphs in the letters C,O,R, or Z. No-break spaces (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) are used for these gaps.</p></li> <li id="8.16.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.5">8.16.1.5</a></aside><p>Only in American Morse Code, there are internal gaps used between glyphs in the letters C,O,R, or Z. No-break spaces (<span class="utf"> </span> or U+00A0) are used for these gaps.</p></li>
<li id="8.16.1.6"><aside class="number">8.16.1.6</aside><p>En spaces (U+2002) are used between letters.</p></li> <li id="8.16.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.6">8.16.1.6</a></aside><p>En spaces (U+2002) are used between letters.</p></li>
<li id="8.16.1.7"><aside class="number">8.16.1.7</aside><p>Em spaces (U+2003) are used between words. <li id="8.16.1.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#8.16.1.7">8.16.1.7</a></aside><p>Em spaces (U+2003) are used between words.
</p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>-- .. .. __ .. - - __ . . .. __ -.. .. . .- -<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure class="wrong"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>-- .. .. __ .. - - __ . . .. __ -.. .. . .- -<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>My little old cat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>My little old cat.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>– – ·· ·· — ·· – – — · · · — –·· ·· · ·– –<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure class="corrected"><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>– – ·· ·· — ·· – – — · · · — –·· ·· · ·– –<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>

242
www/manual/1.0.0/9-metadata.php
View file

@ -8,25 +8,25 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<h1>Metadata</h1> <h1>Metadata</h1>
<p>Metadata in a Standard Ebook is stored in the <code class="path">./src/epub/content.opf</code> file. The file contains some boilerplate that an ebook producer won’t have to touch, and a lot of information that they <em>will</em> have to touch as an ebook is produced.</p> <p>Metadata in a Standard Ebook is stored in the <code class="path">./src/epub/content.opf</code> file. The file contains some boilerplate that an ebook producer won’t have to touch, and a lot of information that they <em>will</em> have to touch as an ebook is produced.</p>
<p>Follow the general structure of the <code class="path">content.opf</code> file generated by <code class="bash"><b>se</b> create-draft</code>. Don’t rearrange the order of anything in there.</p> <p>Follow the general structure of the <code class="path">content.opf</code> file generated by <code class="bash"><b>se</b> create-draft</code>. Don’t rearrange the order of anything in there.</p>
<section id="9.1"><aside class="number">9.1</aside> <section id="9.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1">9.1</a></aside>
<h2>General URL rules</h2> <h2>General URL rules</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.1.1"><aside class="number">9.1.1</aside><p>URLs used in metadata are https where possible.</p></li> <li id="9.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1.1">9.1.1</a></aside><p>URLs used in metadata are https where possible.</p></li>
<li id="9.1.2"><aside class="number">9.1.2</aside><p>URLs used in metadata do not contain query strings, or if a query string is required, only contain the minimum necessary query string to render the base resource.</p></li> <li id="9.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1.2">9.1.2</a></aside><p>URLs used in metadata do not contain query strings, or if a query string is required, only contain the minimum necessary query string to render the base resource.</p></li>
<li id="9.1.3"><aside class="number">9.1.3</aside><p>URLs used for Project Gutenberg page scans look like: <code class="path">https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/&lt;BOOK-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1.3">9.1.3</a></aside><p>URLs used for Project Gutenberg page scans look like: <code class="path">https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/&lt;BOOK-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.1.4"><aside class="number">9.1.4</aside><p>URLs used for HathiTrust page scans look like: <code class="path">https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/&lt;RECORD-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1.4">9.1.4</a></aside><p>URLs used for HathiTrust page scans look like: <code class="path">https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/&lt;RECORD-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.1.5"><aside class="number">9.1.5</aside><p>URLs used for Google Books page scans look like: <code class="path">https://books.google.com/books?id=&lt;BOOK-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1.5">9.1.5</a></aside><p>URLs used for Google Books page scans look like: <code class="path">https://books.google.com/books?id=&lt;BOOK-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.1.6"><aside class="number">9.1.6</aside><p>URLs used for Internet Archive page scans look like: <code class="path">https://archive.org/details/&lt;BOOK-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.1.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.1.6">9.1.6</a></aside><p>URLs used for Internet Archive page scans look like: <code class="path">https://archive.org/details/&lt;BOOK-ID&gt;</code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.2"><aside class="number">9.2</aside> <section id="9.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.2">9.2</a></aside>
<h2>The ebook identifier</h2> <h2>The ebook identifier</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.2.1"><aside class="number">9.2.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:identifier</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the unique identifier for the ebook. The identifier is the Standard Ebooks URL for the ebook, prefaced by <code class="html"><span class="na">url:</span></code>. <li id="9.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.2.1">9.2.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:identifier</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the unique identifier for the ebook. The identifier is the Standard Ebooks URL for the ebook, prefaced by <code class="html"><span class="na">url:</span></code>.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:identifier</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"uid"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>url:https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/anton-chekhov/short-fiction/constance-garnett<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:identifier</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:identifier</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"uid"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>url:https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/anton-chekhov/short-fiction/constance-garnett<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:identifier</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="9.2.2"><aside class="number">9.2.2</aside> <section id="9.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.2.2">9.2.2</a></aside>
<h3>Forming the SE URL</h3> <h3>Forming the SE URL</h3>
<p>The SE URL is formed by the following algorithm.</p> <p>The SE URL is formed by the following algorithm.</p>
<p>(Note: Strings can be made URL-safe using the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> make-url-safe</code> tool.)</p> <p>(Note: Strings can be made URL-safe using the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> make-url-safe</code> tool.)</p>
@ -39,35 +39,35 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ul> </ul>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.3"><aside class="number">9.3</aside> <section id="9.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.3">9.3</a></aside>
<h2>Publication date and release identifiers</h2> <h2>Publication date and release identifiers</h2>
<p>There are several elements in the metadata describing the publication date, updated date, and revision number of the ebook. Generally these are not updated by hand; instead, the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> prepare-release</code> tool updates them automatically.</p> <p>There are several elements in the metadata describing the publication date, updated date, and revision number of the ebook. Generally these are not updated by hand; instead, the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> prepare-release</code> tool updates them automatically.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.3.1"><aside class="number">9.3.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:date</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a timestamp representing the first publication date of this ebook file. Once the ebook is released to the public, this value doesn’t change.</p></li> <li id="9.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.3.1">9.3.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:date</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a timestamp representing the first publication date of this ebook file. Once the ebook is released to the public, this value doesn’t change.</p></li>
<li id="9.3.2"><aside class="number">9.3.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"dcterms:modified"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a timestamp representing the last time this ebook file was modified. This changes often.</p></li> <li id="9.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.3.2">9.3.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"dcterms:modified"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a timestamp representing the last time this ebook file was modified. This changes often.</p></li>
<li id="9.3.3"><aside class="number">9.3.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:revision-number"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a special SE extension representing the revision number of this ebook file. During production, this number will be 0. When the ebook is first released to the public, the number will increment to 1. Each time <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"dcterms:modified"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> changes, the revision number is incremented.</p></li> <li id="9.3.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.3.3">9.3.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:revision-number"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is a special SE extension representing the revision number of this ebook file. During production, this number will be 0. When the ebook is first released to the public, the number will increment to 1. Each time <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"dcterms:modified"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> changes, the revision number is incremented.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.4"><aside class="number">9.4</aside> <section id="9.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4">9.4</a></aside>
<h2>Book titles</h2> <h2>Book titles</h2>
<section id="9.4.1"><aside class="number">9.4.1</aside> <section id="9.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.1">9.4.1</a></aside>
<h3>Books without subtitles</h3> <h3>Books without subtitles</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.4.1.1"><aside class="number">9.4.1.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the title.</p></li> <li id="9.4.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.1.1">9.4.1.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the title.</p></li>
<li id="9.4.1.2"><aside class="number">9.4.1.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains alpha-sorted title, even if the alpha-sorted title is identical to the unsorted title.</p></li> <li id="9.4.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.1.2">9.4.1.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains alpha-sorted title, even if the alpha-sorted title is identical to the unsorted title.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Moon Pool, The<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Moon Pool, The<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Short Fiction<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Short Fiction<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Short Fiction<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>`</code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Short Fiction<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>`</code></figure>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.4.2"><aside class="number">9.4.2</aside> <section id="9.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.2">9.4.2</a></aside>
<h3>Books with subtitles</h3> <h3>Books with subtitles</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.4.2.1"><aside class="number">9.4.2.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>main<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element identifies the main part of the title.</p></li> <li id="9.4.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.2.1">9.4.2.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>main<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element identifies the main part of the title.</p></li>
<li id="9.4.2.2"><aside class="number">9.4.2.2</aside><p>A second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contain the subtitle, and is refined with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>subtitle<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.4.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.2.2">9.4.2.2</a></aside><p>A second <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contain the subtitle, and is refined with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subtitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>subtitle<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.4.2.3"><aside class="number">9.4.2.3</aside><p>A third <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the complete title on one line, with the main title and subtitle separated by a colon and space, and is refined with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>extended<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.4.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.2.3">9.4.2.3</a></aside><p>A third <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the complete title on one line, with the main title and subtitle separated by a colon and space, and is refined with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>extended<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.4.2.4"><aside class="number">9.4.2.4</aside><p>All three <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have an accompanying <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, even if the <code class="bash"><span class="s">file-as</span></code> value is the same as the title.</p></li> <li id="9.4.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.2.4">9.4.2.4</a></aside><p>All three <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements have an accompanying <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, even if the <code class="bash"><span class="s">file-as</span></code> value is the same as the title.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The Moon Pool<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Moon Pool, The<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Moon Pool, The<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -81,19 +81,19 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Man Who Was Thursday, The<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Man Who Was Thursday, The<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>extended<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#fulltitle"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>extended<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.4.3"><aside class="number">9.4.3</aside> <section id="9.4.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.3">9.4.3</a></aside>
<h3>Books with a more popular alternate title</h3> <h3>Books with a more popular alternate title</h3>
<p>Some books are commonly referred to by a shorter name than their actual title. For example, <i><a href="/ebooks/mark-twain/the-adventures-of-huckleberry-finn">The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn</a></i> is often simply known as <i>Huck Finn</i>.</p> <p>Some books are commonly referred to by a shorter name than their actual title. For example, <i><a href="/ebooks/mark-twain/the-adventures-of-huckleberry-finn">The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn</a></i> is often simply known as <i>Huck Finn</i>.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.4.3.1"><aside class="number">9.4.3.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-short"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the common title. It is refined with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title-short"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>short<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.4.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.3.1">9.4.3.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-short"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains the common title. It is refined with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title-type"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title-short"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>short<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.4.3.2"><aside class="number">9.4.3.2</aside><p>The common title does not have a corresponding <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="9.4.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.3.2">9.4.3.2</a></aside><p>The common title does not have a corresponding <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.4.4"><aside class="number">9.4.4</aside> <section id="9.4.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.4">9.4.4</a></aside>
<h3>Books with numbers or abbreviations in the title</h3> <h3>Books with numbers or abbreviations in the title</h3>
<p>Books that contain numbers or abbreviations in their title may be difficult to find with a search query, because there can be different ways to search for numbers or abbreviations. For example, a reader may search for <i><a href="/ebooks/jules-verne/around-the-world-in-eighty-days/george-makepeace-towle">Around the World in Eighty Days</a></i> by searching for “80” instead of “eighty”.</p> <p>Books that contain numbers or abbreviations in their title may be difficult to find with a search query, because there can be different ways to search for numbers or abbreviations. For example, a reader may search for <i><a href="/ebooks/jules-verne/around-the-world-in-eighty-days/george-makepeace-towle">Around the World in Eighty Days</a></i> by searching for “80” instead of “eighty”.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.4.4.1"><aside class="number">9.4.4.1</aside><p>If a book title contains numbers or abbreviations, a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is placed after the main title block, containing the title with expanded or alternate spelling to facilitate possible search queries. <li id="9.4.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.4.4.1">9.4.4.1</a></aside><p>If a book title contains numbers or abbreviations, a <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is placed after the main title block, containing the title with expanded or alternate spelling to facilitate possible search queries.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Around the World in Eighty Days<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Around the World in Eighty Days<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">dc:title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Around the World in Eighty Days<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Around the World in Eighty Days<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Around the World in 80 Days<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:alternative-title"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#title"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Around the World in 80 Days<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
@ -104,20 +104,20 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.5"><aside class="number">9.5</aside> <section id="9.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5">9.5</a></aside>
<h2>Book subjects</h2> <h2>Book subjects</h2>
<section id="9.5.1"><aside class="number">9.5.1</aside> <section id="9.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1">9.5.1</a></aside>
<h3>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h3> <h3>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element</h3>
<p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements describe the categories the ebook belongs to.</p> <p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements describe the categories the ebook belongs to.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.5.1.1"><aside class="number">9.5.1.1</aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> has the <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute set to <code class="bash"><span class="s">subject-#</span></code>, where # is a number starting at <code class="bash"><span class="s">1</span></code>, without leading zeros, that increments with each subject.</p></li> <li id="9.5.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.1">9.5.1.1</a></aside><p>Each <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> has the <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute set to <code class="bash"><span class="s">subject-#</span></code>, where # is a number starting at <code class="bash"><span class="s">1</span></code>, without leading zeros, that increments with each subject.</p></li>
<li id="9.5.1.2"><aside class="number">9.5.1.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are arranged sequentially in a single block.</p></li> <li id="9.5.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.2">9.5.1.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements are arranged sequentially in a single block.</p></li>
<li id="9.5.1.3"><aside class="number">9.5.1.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> values are sourced from <a href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Library of Congress Subject Headings</a>.</p></li> <li id="9.5.1.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.3">9.5.1.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> values are sourced from <a href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Library of Congress Subject Headings</a>.</p></li>
<li id="9.5.1.4"><aside class="number">9.5.1.4</aside><p>If the transcription for the ebook comes from Project Gutenberg, the values of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements come from the Project Gutenberg “bibrec” page for the ebook. Otherwise, the values come from the <a href="https://catalog.loc.gov">Library of Congress catalog</a> listing for the book.</p></li> <li id="9.5.1.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.4">9.5.1.4</a></aside><p>If the transcription for the ebook comes from Project Gutenberg, the values of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements come from the Project Gutenberg “bibrec” page for the ebook. Otherwise, the values come from the <a href="https://catalog.loc.gov">Library of Congress catalog</a> listing for the book.</p></li>
<li id="9.5.1.5"><aside class="number">9.5.1.5</aside><p>After the block of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements there is a block of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"authority"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"term"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element pairs. <li id="9.5.1.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.5">9.5.1.5</a></aside><p>After the block of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:subject</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements there is a block of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"authority"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> and <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"term"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element pairs.
</p><ol type="1"> </p><ol type="1">
<li id="9.5.1.5.1"><aside class="number">9.5.1.5.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"authority"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the source for the category. For Library of Congress categories, the value is <code class="bash"><span class="s">LCSH</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.5.1.5.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.5.1">9.5.1.5.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"authority"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the source for the category. For Library of Congress categories, the value is <code class="bash"><span class="s">LCSH</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.5.1.5.2"><aside class="number">9.5.1.5.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"term"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains term ID for that subject heading.</p></li> <li id="9.5.1.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.1.5.2">9.5.1.5.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"term"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-N"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains term ID for that subject heading.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
@ -138,17 +138,17 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"term"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-4"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>sh2008106912<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"term"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#subject-4"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>sh2008106912<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.5.2"><aside class="number">9.5.2</aside> <section id="9.5.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2">9.5.2</a></aside>
<h3>SE subjects</h3> <h3>SE subjects</h3>
<p>Along with the Library of Congress categories, a set of SE subjects is included in the ebook metadata. Unlike Library of Congress categories, SE subjects are purposefully broad. They’re more like the subject categories in a small bookstore, as opposed to the precise, detailed, hierarchical Library of Congress categories.</p> <p>Along with the Library of Congress categories, a set of SE subjects is included in the ebook metadata. Unlike Library of Congress categories, SE subjects are purposefully broad. They’re more like the subject categories in a small bookstore, as opposed to the precise, detailed, hierarchical Library of Congress categories.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.5.2.1"><aside class="number">9.5.2.1</aside><p>SE subjects are included with one or more <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:subject"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements. <li id="9.5.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2.1">9.5.2.1</a></aside><p>SE subjects are included with one or more <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:subject"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements.
</p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:subject"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Fantasy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> </p><figure><code class="html full"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:subject"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Fantasy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:subject"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Philosophy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:subject"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Philosophy<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</li> </li>
<li id="9.5.2.2"><aside class="number">9.5.2.2</aside><p>Standard Ebooks contain at least one SE subject.</p></li> <li id="9.5.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2.2">9.5.2.2</a></aside><p>Standard Ebooks contain at least one SE subject.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="9.5.2.3"><aside class="number">9.5.2.3</aside> <section id="9.5.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2.3">9.5.2.3</a></aside>
<h4>All SE subjects</h4> <h4>All SE subjects</h4>
<ul> <ul>
<li><p>Adventure</p></li> <li><p>Adventure</p></li>
@ -172,102 +172,102 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<li><p>Travel</p></li> <li><p>Travel</p></li>
</ul> </ul>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.5.2.4"><aside class="number">9.5.2.4</aside> <section id="9.5.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2.4">9.5.2.4</a></aside>
<h4>Required SE subjects for specific types of books</h4> <h4>Required SE subjects for specific types of books</h4>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.5.2.4.1"><aside class="number">9.5.2.4.1</aside><p>Ebooks that are collections of short stories have the SE subject <code class="string">Shorts</code> as one of the SE subjects.</p></li> <li id="9.5.2.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2.4.1">9.5.2.4.1</a></aside><p>Ebooks that are collections of short stories have the SE subject <code class="string">Shorts</code> as one of the SE subjects.</p></li>
<li id="9.5.2.4.2"><aside class="number">9.5.2.4.2</aside><p>Ebooks that are young adult or children’s books have the SE subject <code class="string">Childrens</code> as one of the SE subjects.</p></li> <li id="9.5.2.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.5.2.4.2">9.5.2.4.2</a></aside><p>Ebooks that are young adult or children’s books have the SE subject <code class="string">Childrens</code> as one of the SE subjects.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.6"><aside class="number">9.6</aside> <section id="9.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6">9.6</a></aside>
<h2>Book descriptions</h2> <h2>Book descriptions</h2>
<p>An ebook has two kinds of descriptions: a short <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:description</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, and a much longer <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p> <p>An ebook has two kinds of descriptions: a short <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:description</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element, and a much longer <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p>
<section id="9.6.1"><aside class="number">9.6.1</aside> <section id="9.6.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.1">9.6.1</a></aside>
<h3>The short description</h3> <h3>The short description</h3>
<p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:description</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a short, single-sentence summary of the ebook.</p> <p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:description</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a short, single-sentence summary of the ebook.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.6.1.1"><aside class="number">9.6.1.1</aside><p>The description is a single complete sentence ending in a period, not a sentence fragment or restatement of the title.</p></li> <li id="9.6.1.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.1.1">9.6.1.1</a></aside><p>The description is a single complete sentence ending in a period, not a sentence fragment or restatement of the title.</p></li>
<li id="9.6.1.2"><aside class="number">9.6.1.2</aside><p>The description is typogrified, i.e. it contains Unicode curly quotes, em-dashes, and the like.</p></li> <li id="9.6.1.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.1.2">9.6.1.2</a></aside><p>The description is typogrified, i.e. it contains Unicode curly quotes, em-dashes, and the like.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.6.2"><aside class="number">9.6.2</aside> <section id="9.6.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.2">9.6.2</a></aside>
<h3>The long description</h3> <h3>The long description</h3>
<p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a much longer description of the ebook.</p> <p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a much longer description of the ebook.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.6.2.1"><aside class="number">9.6.2.1</aside><p>The long description is a non-biased, encyclopedia-like description of the book, including any relevant publication history, backstory, or historical notes. It is as detailed as possible without giving away plot spoilers. It does not impart the producer’s opinions of the book, or include content warnings. Think along the lines of a Wikipedia-like summary of the book and its history, <em>but under no circumstances can a producer copy and paste from Wikipedia!</em> (Wikipedia licenses articles under a CC license which is incompatible with Standard Ebooks’ CC0 public domain dedication.)</p></li> <li id="9.6.2.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.2.1">9.6.2.1</a></aside><p>The long description is a non-biased, encyclopedia-like description of the book, including any relevant publication history, backstory, or historical notes. It is as detailed as possible without giving away plot spoilers. It does not impart the producer’s opinions of the book, or include content warnings. Think along the lines of a Wikipedia-like summary of the book and its history, <em>but under no circumstances can a producer copy and paste from Wikipedia!</em> (Wikipedia licenses articles under a CC license which is incompatible with Standard Ebooks’ CC0 public domain dedication.)</p></li>
<li id="9.6.2.2"><aside class="number">9.6.2.2</aside><p>The long descriptions is typogrified, i.e. it contains Unicode curly quotes, em-dashes, and the like.</p></li> <li id="9.6.2.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.2.2">9.6.2.2</a></aside><p>The long descriptions is typogrified, i.e. it contains Unicode curly quotes, em-dashes, and the like.</p></li>
<li id="9.6.2.3"><aside class="number">9.6.2.3</aside><p>The long description is in <em>escaped</em> HTML, with the HTML beginning on its own line after the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element. <li id="9.6.2.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.2.3">9.6.2.3</a></aside><p>The long description is in <em>escaped</em> HTML, with the HTML beginning on its own line after the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.
<aside class="tip">An easy way to escape HTML is to compose the long description in regular HTML, then insert it into the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element surrounded by a <code class="html"><span class="cp">&lt;![CDATA[ ... ]]&gt;</span></code> element. Then, run the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> clean</code> tool, which will remove the <code class="html"><span class="cp">&lt;![CDATA[ ... ]]&gt;</span></code> element and escape the contained HTML.</aside> <aside class="tip">An easy way to escape HTML is to compose the long description in regular HTML, then insert it into the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element surrounded by a <code class="html"><span class="cp">&lt;![CDATA[ ... ]]&gt;</span></code> element. Then, run the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> clean</code> tool, which will remove the <code class="html"><span class="cp">&lt;![CDATA[ ... ]]&gt;</span></code> element and escape the contained HTML.</aside>
</p></li> </p></li>
<li id="9.6.2.4"><aside class="number">9.6.2.4</aside><p>Long description HTML follows the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/1-code-style">general code style conventions</a>.</p></li> <li id="9.6.2.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.2.4">9.6.2.4</a></aside><p>Long description HTML follows the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/1-code-style">general code style conventions</a>.</p></li>
<li id="9.6.2.5"><aside class="number">9.6.2.5</aside><p>The long description element is directly followed by: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"meta-auth"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>https://standardebooks.org<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></p></li> <li id="9.6.2.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.6.2.5">9.6.2.5</a></aside><p>The long description element is directly followed by: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"meta-auth"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#long-description"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>https://standardebooks.org<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.7"><aside class="number">9.7</aside> <section id="9.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.7">9.7</a></aside>
<h2>Book language</h2> <h2>Book language</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.7.1"><aside class="number">9.7.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:language</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element follows the long description block. It contains the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag">IETF language tag</a> for the language that the work is in. Usually this is either <code class="html"><span class="na">en-US</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="na">en-GB</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.7.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.7.1">9.7.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:language</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element follows the long description block. It contains the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag">IETF language tag</a> for the language that the work is in. Usually this is either <code class="html"><span class="na">en-US</span></code> or <code class="html"><span class="na">en-GB</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.8"><aside class="number">9.8</aside> <section id="9.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.8">9.8</a></aside>
<h2>Book transcription and page scan sources</h2> <h2>Book transcription and page scan sources</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.8.1"><aside class="number">9.8.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:source</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements represent URLs to sources for the transcription the ebook is based on, and page scans of the print sources used to correct the transcriptions.</p></li> <li id="9.8.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.8.1">9.8.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:source</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> elements represent URLs to sources for the transcription the ebook is based on, and page scans of the print sources used to correct the transcriptions.</p></li>
<li id="9.8.2"><aside class="number">9.8.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:source</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> URLs are in https where possible.</p></li> <li id="9.8.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.8.2">9.8.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:source</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> URLs are in https where possible.</p></li>
<li id="9.8.3"><aside class="number">9.8.3</aside><p>A book can contain more than one such element if multiple sources for page scans were used.</p></li> <li id="9.8.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.8.3">9.8.3</a></aside><p>A book can contain more than one such element if multiple sources for page scans were used.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.9"><aside class="number">9.9</aside> <section id="9.9"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9">9.9</a></aside>
<h2>Additional book metadata</h2> <h2>Additional book metadata</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.9.1"><aside class="number">9.9.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.encyclopedia.wikipedia"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the Wikipedia URL for the book. This element is not present if there is no Wikipedia entry for the book.</p></li> <li id="9.9.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.1">9.9.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.encyclopedia.wikipedia"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the Wikipedia URL for the book. This element is not present if there is no Wikipedia entry for the book.</p></li>
<li id="9.9.2"><aside class="number">9.9.2</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.vcs.github"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the SE GitHub URL for this ebook. This is calculated by taking the string <code class="html">https://github.com/standardebooks/</code> and appending the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/9-metadata#9.2">SE identifier</a>, without <code class="html">https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/</code>, and with forward slashes replaced by underscores.</p></li> <li id="9.9.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.2">9.9.2</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.vcs.github"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the SE GitHub URL for this ebook. This is calculated by taking the string <code class="html">https://github.com/standardebooks/</code> and appending the <a href="/manual/1.0.0/9-metadata#9.2">SE identifier</a>, without <code class="html">https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/</code>, and with forward slashes replaced by underscores.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
<section id="9.9.3"><aside class="number">9.9.3</aside> <section id="9.9.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.3">9.9.3</a></aside>
<h3>Book production notes</h3> <h3>Book production notes</h3>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.9.3.1"><aside class="number">9.9.3.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:production-notes"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains any of the ebook producer’s production notes. For example, the producer might note that page scans were not available, so an editorial decision was made to add commas to sentences deemed to be transcription typos; or that certain archaic spellings were retained as a matter of prose style specific to this ebook.</p></li> <li id="9.9.3.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.3.1">9.9.3.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:production-notes"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains any of the ebook producer’s production notes. For example, the producer might note that page scans were not available, so an editorial decision was made to add commas to sentences deemed to be transcription typos; or that certain archaic spellings were retained as a matter of prose style specific to this ebook.</p></li>
<li id="9.9.3.2"><aside class="number">9.9.3.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:production-notes"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is not present if there are no production notes.</p></li> <li id="9.9.3.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.3.2">9.9.3.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:production-notes"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is not present if there are no production notes.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.9.4"><aside class="number">9.9.4</aside> <section id="9.9.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.4">9.9.4</a></aside>
<h3>Readability metadata</h3> <h3>Readability metadata</h3>
<p>These two elements are automatically computed by the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> prepare-release</code> tool.</p> <p>These two elements are automatically computed by the <code class="bash"><b>se</b> prepare-release</code> tool.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.9.4.1"><aside class="number">9.9.4.1</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:word-count"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains an integer representing the ebooks total word count, excluding some SE files like the colophon and Uncopyright.</p></li> <li id="9.9.4.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.4.1">9.9.4.1</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:word-count"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains an integer representing the ebooks total word count, excluding some SE files like the colophon and Uncopyright.</p></li>
<li id="9.9.4.2"><aside class="number">9.9.4.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:reading-ease.flesch"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a decimal representing the computed Flesch reading ease for the book.</p></li> <li id="9.9.4.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.9.4.2">9.9.4.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:reading-ease.flesch"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains a decimal representing the computed Flesch reading ease for the book.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.10"><aside class="number">9.10</aside> <section id="9.10"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.10">9.10</a></aside>
<h2>General contributor rules</h2> <h2>General contributor rules</h2>
<p>The following apply to all contributors, including the author(s), translator(s), and illustrator(s).</p> <p>The following apply to all contributors, including the author(s), translator(s), and illustrator(s).</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.10.1"><aside class="number">9.10.1</aside><p>If there is exactly one contributor in a set (for example, only one author, or only one translator) then the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"display-seq"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is omitted for that contributor.</p></li> <li id="9.10.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.10.1">9.10.1</a></aside><p>If there is exactly one contributor in a set (for example, only one author, or only one translator) then the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"display-seq"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is omitted for that contributor.</p></li>
<li id="9.10.2"><aside class="number">9.10.2</aside><p>If there is more than one contributor in a set (for example, multiple authors, or translators) then the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"display-seq"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is specified for each contributor, with a value equal to their position in the SE identifier.</p></li> <li id="9.10.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.10.2">9.10.2</a></aside><p>If there is more than one contributor in a set (for example, multiple authors, or translators) then the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"display-seq"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is specified for each contributor, with a value equal to their position in the SE identifier.</p></li>
<li id="9.10.3"><aside class="number">9.10.3</aside><p>The epub standard specifies that in a set of contributors, if at least one has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">display-seq</span></code> property, then other contributors in the set without the <code class="bash"><span class="s">display-seq</span></code> value are ignored. For SE purposes, this also means they will be excluded from the SE identifier.</p></li> <li id="9.10.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.10.3">9.10.3</a></aside><p>The epub standard specifies that in a set of contributors, if at least one has the <code class="bash"><span class="s">display-seq</span></code> property, then other contributors in the set without the <code class="bash"><span class="s">display-seq</span></code> value are ignored. For SE purposes, this also means they will be excluded from the SE identifier.</p></li>
<li id="9.10.4"><aside class="number">9.10.4</aside><p>By SE convention, contributors with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"display-seq"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>0<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> are excluded from the SE identifier.</p></li> <li id="9.10.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.10.4">9.10.4</a></aside><p>By SE convention, contributors with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"display-seq"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>0<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> are excluded from the SE identifier.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.11"><aside class="number">9.11</aside> <section id="9.11"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11">9.11</a></aside>
<h2>The author metadata block</h2> <h2>The author metadata block</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.11.1"><aside class="number">9.11.1</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s name as it appears on the cover.</p></li> <li id="9.11.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.1">9.11.1</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s name as it appears on the cover.</p></li>
<li id="9.11.2"><aside class="number">9.11.2</aside><p>If there is more than one author, the first author’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> is <code class="bash"><span class="s">author-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">author-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li> <li id="9.11.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.2">9.11.2</a></aside><p>If there is more than one author, the first author’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> is <code class="bash"><span class="s">author-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">author-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="9.11.3"><aside class="number">9.11.3</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s name as filed alphabetically. This element is included even if it’s identical to <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.11.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.3">9.11.3</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s name as filed alphabetically. This element is included even if it’s identical to <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.11.4"><aside class="number">9.11.4</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.person.full-name"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s full name, with any initials or middle names expanded, and including any titles. This element is not included if the value is identical to <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.11.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.4">9.11.4</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:name.person.full-name"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s full name, with any initials or middle names expanded, and including any titles. This element is not included if the value is identical to <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.11.5"><aside class="number">9.11.5</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"alternate-script"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s name as it appears on the cover, but transliterated into their native alphabet if applicable. For example, Anton Chekhov’s name would be contained here in the Cyrillic alphabet. This element is not included if not applicable.</p></li> <li id="9.11.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.5">9.11.5</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"alternate-script"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the author’s name as it appears on the cover, but transliterated into their native alphabet if applicable. For example, Anton Chekhov’s name would be contained here in the Cyrillic alphabet. This element is not included if not applicable.</p></li>
<li id="9.11.6"><aside class="number">9.11.6</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.encyclopedia.wikipedia"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the URL of the author’s Wikipedia page. This element is not included if there is no Wikipedia page.</p></li> <li id="9.11.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.6">9.11.6</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.encyclopedia.wikipedia"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the URL of the author’s Wikipedia page. This element is not included if there is no Wikipedia page.</p></li>
<li id="9.11.7"><aside class="number">9.11.7</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.authority.nacoaf"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the URL of the author’s <a href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names.html">Library of Congress Names Database</a> page. It does not include the <code class="path">.html</code> file extension. This element is not included if there is no LoC Names database entry. <li id="9.11.7"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.7">9.11.7</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.authority.nacoaf"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the URL of the author’s <a href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names.html">Library of Congress Names Database</a> page. It does not include the <code class="path">.html</code> file extension. This element is not included if there is no LoC Names database entry.
<aside class="tip"> <aside class="tip">
<p>This is easily found by visiting the person’s Wikipedia page and looking at the very bottom in the “Authority Control” section, under “LCCN.”</p> <p>This is easily found by visiting the person’s Wikipedia page and looking at the very bottom in the “Authority Control” section, under “LCCN.”</p>
<p>If you it’s not on Wikipedia, find it directly by visiting the <a href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names.html">Library of Congress Names Database</a>.</p> <p>If you it’s not on Wikipedia, find it directly by visiting the <a href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names.html">Library of Congress Names Database</a>.</p>
</aside> </aside>
</p></li> </p></li>
<li id="9.11.8"><aside class="number">9.11.8</aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> for the roles the author played in creating this book. <li id="9.11.8"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.11.8">9.11.8</a></aside><p><code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> contains the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> for the roles the author played in creating this book.
</p><p>There is always one element with the value of <code class="string">aut</code>. There may be additional elements for additional values, if applicable. For example, if the author also illustrated the book, there would be an additional <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>ill<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p> </p><p>There is always one element with the value of <code class="string">aut</code>. There may be additional elements for additional values, if applicable. For example, if the author also illustrated the book, there would be an additional <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>ill<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p>
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
@ -280,62 +280,62 @@ require_once('Core.php');
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.authority.nacoaf"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79130807<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.authority.nacoaf"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79130807<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>aut<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#author"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>aut<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code></figure>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.12"><aside class="number">9.12</aside> <section id="9.12"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.12">9.12</a></aside>
<h2>The translator metadata block</h2> <h2>The translator metadata block</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.12.1"><aside class="number">9.12.1</aside><p>If the work is translated, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"translator"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> metadata block follows the author metadata block.</p></li> <li id="9.12.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.12.1">9.12.1</a></aside><p>If the work is translated, the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"translator"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> metadata block follows the author metadata block.</p></li>
<li id="9.12.2"><aside class="number">9.12.2</aside><p>If there is more than one translator, then the first translator’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> is <code class="bash"><span class="s">translator-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">translator-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li> <li id="9.12.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.12.2">9.12.2</a></aside><p>If there is more than one translator, then the first translator’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> is <code class="bash"><span class="s">translator-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">translator-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="9.12.3"><aside class="number">9.12.3</aside><p>Each block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"translator"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.12.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.12.3">9.12.3</a></aside><p>Each block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"translator"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.12.4"><aside class="number">9.12.4</aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">trl</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#translator"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>trl<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.12.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.12.4">9.12.4</a></aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">trl</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#translator"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>trl<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.12.5"><aside class="number">9.12.5</aside><p>Translators often annotate the work; if this is the case, the additional <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> <code class="string">ann</code> is included in a separate <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#translator"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li> <li id="9.12.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.12.5">9.12.5</a></aside><p>Translators often annotate the work; if this is the case, the additional <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> <code class="string">ann</code> is included in a separate <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#translator"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.13"><aside class="number">9.13</aside> <section id="9.13"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.13">9.13</a></aside>
<h2>The illustrator metadata block</h2> <h2>The illustrator metadata block</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.13.1"><aside class="number">9.13.1</aside><p>If the work is illustrated by a person who is not the author, the illustrator metadata block follows.</p></li> <li id="9.13.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.13.1">9.13.1</a></aside><p>If the work is illustrated by a person who is not the author, the illustrator metadata block follows.</p></li>
<li id="9.13.2"><aside class="number">9.13.2</aside><p>If there is more than one illustrator, the first illustrator’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> is <code class="bash"><span class="s">illustrator-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">illustrator-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li> <li id="9.13.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.13.2">9.13.2</a></aside><p>If there is more than one illustrator, the first illustrator’s <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> is <code class="bash"><span class="s">illustrator-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">illustrator-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="9.13.3"><aside class="number">9.13.3</aside><p>Each block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"illustrator"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.13.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.13.3">9.13.3</a></aside><p>Each block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"illustrator"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.13.4"><aside class="number">9.13.4</aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">ill</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#illustrator"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>ill<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.13.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.13.4">9.13.4</a></aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">ill</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#illustrator"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>ill<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.14"><aside class="number">9.14</aside> <section id="9.14"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.14">9.14</a></aside>
<h2>The cover artist metadata block</h2> <h2>The cover artist metadata block</h2>
<p>The “cover artist” is the artist who painted the art the producer selected for the Standard Ebook cover.</p> <p>The “cover artist” is the artist who painted the art the producer selected for the Standard Ebook cover.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.14.1"><aside class="number">9.14.1</aside><p>The cover artist metadata block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"artist"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.14.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.14.1">9.14.1</a></aside><p>The cover artist metadata block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"artist"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.14.2"><aside class="number">9.14.2</aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">art</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#artist"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>art<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.14.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.14.2">9.14.2</a></aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">art</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#artist"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>art<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.15"><aside class="number">9.15</aside> <section id="9.15"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.15">9.15</a></aside>
<h2>Metadata for additional contributors</h2> <h2>Metadata for additional contributors</h2>
<p>Occasionally a book may have other contributors besides the author, translator, and illustrator; for example, a person who wrote a preface, an introduction, or who edited the work or added endnotes.</p> <p>Occasionally a book may have other contributors besides the author, translator, and illustrator; for example, a person who wrote a preface, an introduction, or who edited the work or added endnotes.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.15.1"><aside class="number">9.15.1</aside><p>Additional contributor blocks are identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.15.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.15.1">9.15.1</a></aside><p>Additional contributor blocks are identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.15.2"><aside class="number">9.15.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is the lowercase, URL-safe, fully-spelled out version of the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a>. For example, if the MARC relator tag is <code class="string">wpr</code>, the <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute would be <code class="bash"><span class="s">writer-of-preface</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.15.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.15.2">9.15.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute of the <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is the lowercase, URL-safe, fully-spelled out version of the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a>. For example, if the MARC relator tag is <code class="string">wpr</code>, the <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute would be <code class="bash"><span class="s">writer-of-preface</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.15.3"><aside class="number">9.15.3</aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is one that is appropriate for the role of the additional contributor. Common roles for ebooks are: <code class="string">wpr</code>, <code class="string">ann</code>, and <code class="string">aui</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.15.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.15.3">9.15.3</a></aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is one that is appropriate for the role of the additional contributor. Common roles for ebooks are: <code class="string">wpr</code>, <code class="string">ann</code>, and <code class="string">aui</code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.16"><aside class="number">9.16</aside> <section id="9.16"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16">9.16</a></aside>
<h2>Transcriber metadata</h2> <h2>Transcriber metadata</h2>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.16.1"><aside class="number">9.16.1</aside><p>If the ebook is based on a transcription by someone else, like Project Gutenberg, then transcriber blocks follow the general contributor metadata blocks.</p></li> <li id="9.16.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16.1">9.16.1</a></aside><p>If the ebook is based on a transcription by someone else, like Project Gutenberg, then transcriber blocks follow the general contributor metadata blocks.</p></li>
<li id="9.16.2"><aside class="number">9.16.2</aside><p>If the transcriber is anonymous, the value for the producer’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">An Anonymous Volunteer</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.16.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16.2">9.16.2</a></aside><p>If the transcriber is anonymous, the value for the producer’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">An Anonymous Volunteer</code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.16.3"><aside class="number">9.16.3</aside><p>If there is more than one transcriber, the first transcriber is <code class="bash"><span class="s">transcriber-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">transcriber-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li> <li id="9.16.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16.3">9.16.3</a></aside><p>If there is more than one transcriber, the first transcriber is <code class="bash"><span class="s">transcriber-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">transcriber-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="9.16.4"><aside class="number">9.16.4</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#transcriber-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains an alpha-sorted representation of the transcriber’s name.</p></li> <li id="9.16.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16.4">9.16.4</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"file-as"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#transcriber-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element contains an alpha-sorted representation of the transcriber’s name.</p></li>
<li id="9.16.5"><aside class="number">9.16.5</aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">trc</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#transcriber-1"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>trc<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.16.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16.5">9.16.5</a></aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tag</a> is <code class="string">trc</code>: <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"role"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#transcriber-1"</span> <span class="na">scheme</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"marc:relators"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>trc<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.16.6"><aside class="number">9.16.6</aside><p>If the transcriber’s personal homepage is known, the element <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.homepage"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#transcriber-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is included, whose value is the URL of the transcriber’s homepage. The URL must link to a personal homepage only; no products, services, or other endorsements, commercial or otherwise.</p></li> <li id="9.16.6"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.16.6">9.16.6</a></aside><p>If the transcriber’s personal homepage is known, the element <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.homepage"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#transcriber-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is included, whose value is the URL of the transcriber’s homepage. The URL must link to a personal homepage only; no products, services, or other endorsements, commercial or otherwise.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.17"><aside class="number">9.17</aside> <section id="9.17"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.17">9.17</a></aside>
<h2>Producer metadata</h2> <h2>Producer metadata</h2>
<p>These elements describe the SE producer who produced the ebook for the Standard Ebooks project.</p> <p>These elements describe the SE producer who produced the ebook for the Standard Ebooks project.</p>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.17.1"><aside class="number">9.17.1</aside><p>If there is more than one producer, the first producer is <code class="bash"><span class="s">producer-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">producere-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li> <li id="9.17.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.17.1">9.17.1</a></aside><p>If there is more than one producer, the first producer is <code class="bash"><span class="s">producer-1</span></code>, the second <code class="bash"><span class="s">producere-2</span></code>, and so on.</p></li>
<li id="9.17.2"><aside class="number">9.17.2</aside><p>The producer metadata block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"producer-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.17.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.17.2">9.17.2</a></aside><p>The producer metadata block is identical to the author metadata block, but with <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"producer-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> instead of <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:creator</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"author"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.17.3"><aside class="number">9.17.3</aside><p>If a producer is anonymous, the value for the producer’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">Anonymous</code>.</p></li> <li id="9.17.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.17.3">9.17.3</a></aside><p>If a producer is anonymous, the value for the producer’s <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">dc:contributor</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is <code class="string">Anonymous</code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.17.4"><aside class="number">9.17.4</aside><p>If the producer’s personal homepage is known, the element <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.homepage"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#producer-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is included, whose value is the URL of the transcriber’s homepage. The URL must link to a personal homepage only; no products, services, or other endorsements, commercial or otherwise.</p></li> <li id="9.17.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.17.4">9.17.4</a></aside><p>If the producer’s personal homepage is known, the element <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">property</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"se:url.homepage"</span> <span class="na">refines</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"#producer-1"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> is included, whose value is the URL of the transcriber’s homepage. The URL must link to a personal homepage only; no products, services, or other endorsements, commercial or otherwise.</p></li>
<li id="9.17.5"><aside class="number">9.17.5</aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tags</a> for the SE producer usually include all of the following: <li id="9.17.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.17.5">9.17.5</a></aside><p>The <a href="http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html">MARC relator tags</a> for the SE producer usually include all of the following:
</p><ul> </p><ul>
<li><p><code class="string">bkp</code>: The producer produced the ebook.</p></li> <li><p><code class="string">bkp</code>: The producer produced the ebook.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="string">blw</code>: The producer wrote the blurb (the long description).</p></li> <li><p><code class="string">blw</code>: The producer wrote the blurb (the long description).</p></li>
@ -347,19 +347,19 @@ require_once('Core.php');
</li> </li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.18"><aside class="number">9.18</aside> <section id="9.18"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.18">9.18</a></aside>
<h2>The ebook manifest</h2> <h2>The ebook manifest</h2>
<p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">manifest</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a required part of the epub spec that defines a list of files within the ebook.</p> <p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">manifest</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a required part of the epub spec that defines a list of files within the ebook.</p>
<aside class="tip">The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> print-manifest-and-spine</code> tool generates a complete manifest that can be copied-and-pasted into the ebook’s metadata file.</aside> <aside class="tip">The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> print-manifest-and-spine</code> tool generates a complete manifest that can be copied-and-pasted into the ebook’s metadata file.</aside>
<ol type="1"> <ol type="1">
<li id="9.18.1"><aside class="number">9.18.1</aside><p>The manifest is in alphabetical order.</p></li> <li id="9.18.1"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.18.1">9.18.1</a></aside><p>The manifest is in alphabetical order.</p></li>
<li id="9.18.2"><aside class="number">9.18.2</aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute is the basename of the <code class="html"><span class="na">href</span></code> attribute.</p></li> <li id="9.18.2"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.18.2">9.18.2</a></aside><p>The <code class="html"><span class="na">id</span></code> attribute is the basename of the <code class="html"><span class="na">href</span></code> attribute.</p></li>
<li id="9.18.3"><aside class="number">9.18.3</aside><p>Files which contain SVG images have the additional <code class="html"><span class="na">properties</span></code> attribute with the value <code class="bash"><span class="s">svg</span></code> in their manifest item.</p></li> <li id="9.18.3"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.18.3">9.18.3</a></aside><p>Files which contain SVG images have the additional <code class="html"><span class="na">properties</span></code> attribute with the value <code class="bash"><span class="s">svg</span></code> in their manifest item.</p></li>
<li id="9.18.4"><aside class="number">9.18.4</aside><p>The manifest item for the table of contents file has the additional <code class="html"><span class="na">properties</span></code> attribute with the value <code class="bash"><span class="s">nav</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.18.4"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.18.4">9.18.4</a></aside><p>The manifest item for the table of contents file has the additional <code class="html"><span class="na">properties</span></code> attribute with the value <code class="bash"><span class="s">nav</span></code>.</p></li>
<li id="9.18.5"><aside class="number">9.18.5</aside><p>The manifest item for the cover image has the additional <code class="html"><span class="na">properties</span></code> attribute with the value <code class="bash"><span class="s">cover-image</span></code>.</p></li> <li id="9.18.5"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.18.5">9.18.5</a></aside><p>The manifest item for the cover image has the additional <code class="html"><span class="na">properties</span></code> attribute with the value <code class="bash"><span class="s">cover-image</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol> </ol>
</section> </section>
<section id="9.19"><aside class="number">9.19</aside> <section id="9.19"><aside class="number"><a href="#9.19">9.19</a></aside>
<h2>The ebook spine</h2> <h2>The ebook spine</h2>
<p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">spine</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a required part of the epub spec that defines the reading order of the files in the ebook.</p> <p>The <code class="html"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">spine</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></code> element is a required part of the epub spec that defines the reading order of the files in the ebook.</p>
<aside class="tip">The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> print-manifest-and-spine</code> tool generates a draft of the spine by making some educated guesses as to the reading order. The tool’s output is never 100% correct; manual review of the output is required, and adjustments may be necessary to correct the reading order.</aside> <aside class="tip">The <code class="bash"><b>se</b> print-manifest-and-spine</code> tool generates a draft of the spine by making some educated guesses as to the reading order. The tool’s output is never 100% correct; manual review of the output is required, and adjustments may be necessary to correct the reading order.</aside>