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+ 'How to structure and style large poetic productions', 'manual' => true, 'highlight' => 'contribute', 'description' => 'A guide to formatting poetry collections, long narrative poems, and unusual poetic features.']) ?>
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+
How to structure and style large poetic productions
+
The presentation of poems can take various styles and forms. Unlike prose, the structure of a poem adds additional meaning through indentations, line breaks, caesuras, spacing, and even the shape of the text. Here is a guide to help with some of poetry’s less intuitive formatting.
Unlike prose, short poems are not placed in individual files like chapters. The rule of thumb is to split poetic productions by the highest-level division(s) possible. A production can result in a single collections file of an author’s short poems or multiple files for longer poetic works, like long narrative poems, that have main divisions.
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A single collections file
+
For most poetry collections, they utilize a single collections file that contains all of an author’s short poems, ordered by date of publication. If the collection is made up of multiple books, you don’t need to group the poems by the books’ titles. This file is named poetry.xhtml and has a <title> element with the value Poetry.
In the world of poetry, long narrative poems are a unique form of expression that often use books or cantos as the main divisions, serving a similar purpose to chapters in a novel. These divisions are placed in their own individual files. These files have both chapter and z3998:poem semantics.
Poetry is a diverse art form that offers a wide range of distinctive types, each with its own unique visual appeal. In fact, poetry can take on various unconventional formats that add to its artistic charm. Below are some uncommon formatting styles you may come across while producing a poetry production.
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Verse paragraphs
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In poetic composition, some authors opt to use stanzas of varying length. While traditional poetry forms such as sonnets and haikus have a set structure, free verse poetry allows poets to experiment with different stanza lengths. To visually differentiate between stanzas, some poets choose to remove the blank space between them and instead indent the first line of each subsequent stanza (excluding the first stanza). This technique serves a similar function to paragraphs in prose. With a clever CSS selector, you don’t need to add the i1 class to each stanza. To remove spacing between stanzas, delete [epub|type~="z3998:poem"]p+p{margin-top:1em;} that’s provided by SEMoS.
+
+<p>
+ <span>O Goddess! Sing the wrath of Peleus’ son,</span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>...</span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>And great Achilles, parted first as foes.</span>
+</p>
+<p>
+ <span>Which of the gods put strife between the chiefs,</span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>...</span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>Of Atreus, the two leaders of the host:—</span>
+</p>
+...
+
+
+[epub|type~="z3998:poem"]p+p>span:first-child{
+ padding-left:2em;
+ text-indent:-1em;
+}
+
+
Caesuras
+
In poetry, a caesura is a pause or break in a verse that marks the end of one phrase and the beginning of another. This pause can be expressed by a large space and is used by poets to create a rhythmic effect in their work. In the files, wrap each phrase in a <span> element inside of the <span> element that represents the complete verse line.
+
+<p>
+ <span>
+ <span>To us, in olden legends,</span>
+ <span>is many a marvel told</span>
+ </span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>
+ <span>Of praise-deserving heroes,</span>
+ <span>of labours manifold,</span>
+ </span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>
+ <span>Of weeping and of wailing,</span>
+ <span>of joy and festival;</span>
+ </span>
+ <br/>
+ <span>
+ <span>Ye shall of bold knights’ battling</span>
+ <span>now hear a wondrous tale.</span>
+ </span>
+</p>
+
+
+span>span:first-child{
+ margin-right:1.5em;
+}
+
+
Dropped lines
+
A dropped line is a stylistic technique in which a single line of verse is divided into two or three distinct phrases. This technique is similar to the use of caesuras, although it differs in that the breaks do not appear in every line, and the phrases themselves are separated by line breaks rather than a large space.
+
+
When dealing with two separate phrases, the parent <span> has a class="dl2" attribute.
+
+...
+<span>Rooms in the house for sleeping. The old men</span>
+<br/>
+<spanclass="dl2">
+ <span>And ladies slept within the mansion.</span>
+ <span>Thaddeus</span>
+</span>
+<br/>
+<span>Received command to lead the younger men</span>
+...
+
+
+.dl2span:first-child{
+ vertical-align:100%;
+}
+
+
In the rare case that a line is broken into three phrases, the parent <span> has a class="dl3" attribute.
+
+...
+<span>But blow one blaring trumpet note of sun</span>
+<br/>
+<spanclass="dl3">
+ <span>To go with me</span>
+ <span>to the darkness</span>
+ <span>where I go.</span>
+</span>
+...
+
+
+.dl3span:first-child{
+ vertical-align:200%;
+}
+
+.dl3span:nth-child(2){
+ vertical-align:100%;
+}
+
+